猪流行性腹泻病毒间接ELISA检测方法的建立

猪流行性腹泻（porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED）是由猪流行性腹泻病毒（porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV）引起的猪的一种急性、高度传染性肠道疾病,给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失。本研究以纯化的PEDV 为包被抗原,通过优化 ELISA 反应条件,建立了间接 ELISA 抗体检测方法,其反应条件为：抗原最佳包被浓度为 20 μg/mL,血清标准品最佳稀释度为 1：500,包被时间为4℃过夜,5%小牛血清37℃封闭1 h,二抗 1：10 000稀释,37℃作用1 h,抗体临界值为 D_{450 nm}≥ 0.289判为阳性,D_{450 nm}≤ 0.236判为阴性,介于二者之间为可疑。检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪瘟病毒、伪狂犬病毒、细小病毒和口蹄疫病毒标准血清抗体均为阴性,重复试验变异系数均小于10%,对江苏、江西、福建、广东地区74份猪血清样品进行检测,抗体阳性率达84%,表明该方法具有较好敏感性、特异性和重复性,可用于 PEDV 抗体检测和流行病学调查。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒间接ELISA抗体检测方法建立与应用

猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)是目前引起我国猪急性肠炎并水样腹泻的重要病原之一,但尚无商品化病毒血清抗体检测试剂盒。本研究以纯化的PEDV为包被抗原,通过优化ELISA反应条件,建立了间接ELISA抗体检测方法,其反应条件为:抗原最佳包被浓度为3μg/mL,血清样品最佳稀释度为1∶100,包被时间为37℃作用2 h,1.5%BSA 37℃封闭3 h,二抗1∶10 000稀释,37℃作用30 min,抗体临界值为OD450nm≥0.306判为阳性,OD450nm≤0.268判为阴性,介于二者之间为可疑。该方法检测6份已知PEDV阳性血清效价为1∶3 200,检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪瘟病毒、伪狂犬病毒和口蹄疫病毒血清抗体均为阴性,批间和批内重复试验变异系数2.5%～8.3%,对江苏、上海、浙江、安徽地区587份猪血清样品进行检测,抗体阳性率达56.76%,证明该方法具有较好敏感性、特异性和重复性,可用于PEDV抗体检测和流行病学调查。     

Research Progress on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a contagious acute gastrointestinal infection, which has brought great economic losses to the pig industry in recent years.The article reviewed advances in molecular biology, methods of detection, genetic variation and vaccine development to provide references for further study in preventing porcine epidemic diarrhea.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒研究进展

猪流行性腹泻病毒是引起猪腹泻的重要病原体之一,广泛流行于世界各地,造成了重大的经济损失。文章阐述了猪流行性腹泻病毒的分子生物学特点,概括了病毒的检测方法,并对近年来流行病学及疫苗的研发情况进行了综述,以期对猪流行性腹泻病毒研究提供帮助。     

串联表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5表位蛋白间接ELISA方法的建立

利用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）GP5抗原表位串联表达重组蛋白作为包被抗原,建立检测PPRSV抗体的间接ELISA方法。重组蛋白最佳包被浓度为7.5 μg/mL,最佳封闭液为5%脱脂奶粉,37 ℃封闭2 h;血清最适稀释度为1∶100,37 ℃作用2 h;兔抗猪IgG/辣根酶（HRP）（1∶3000）,37 ℃作用2 h;37 ℃避光显色15 min读取D_{450 nm}值。结果经统计学分析得出,S/P值≥0.254为阳性,S/P值≤0.212为阴性。所建立的ELISA方法检测其他5种猪常见病原阳性血清,其D_{450 nm}值均小于0.212。利用建立的ELISA方法对临床免疫勃林格殷格翰猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗4周后的猪血清70份进行检测,其D_{450 nm}值均大于0.85,表明本研究建立的重组GP5表位蛋白间接ELISA方法可用于临床样品的监测。     

流行性腹泻病毒分子生物学研究进展

猪流行性腹泻(Porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED)是由猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)引起猪的高度接触性肠道传染病,感染PEDV的猪群主要表现为腹泻、呕吐、厌食、脱水等临床症状。PEDV可感染各个阶段的猪群,临床上PEDV主要造成7日龄以内的仔猪高发病率及高死亡率(可达100%)。PEDV的迅速传播给养猪行业造成了巨大的经济损失。本文针对PEDV的病原学、病毒编码蛋白及其生物学功能、感染细胞机制进行综述,以期为深入研究PEDV的致病机制提供参考。     

Research Advances on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea and New Vaccine

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is one of the important diseases that endanger the healthy development of the pig industry.It has acute and highly infectious characteristics,causing severe economic losses to the pig industry.Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection could destroy the animal's digestive system,cause the appetite of sick pigs to decline,vomit,and severe diarrhea.And the piglets cured by drugs will also have a serious impact on production due to factors such as poor growth and development,which will bring huge problems to the farmers.The outbreak of PEDV highly pathogenic mutant strains in China in 2010 led to a significant increase in the incidence and mortality of PED,which severely affected pig production in China.The outbreak of PED has drawn close attention from the pig industry.Scholars in related research fields have conducted more in-depth research on the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV and the new PED vaccine.Five new types of PED vaccines,including subunit vaccine,virus live vector vaccine,bacterial live vector vaccine,transgenic plant vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine,have been developed successively,and new breakthroughs and progress have been made.Compared with the traditional PED inactivated vaccine and PED attenuated vaccine,the new PED genetically engineered vaccine has the advantages of good safety,simple preparation,and good immune effect.This article focuses on the pathogenesis of PEDV and the research progress of five new PED vaccines,so as to deepen our understanding of new PEDV and PED vaccines,in order to provide references for prevention and control measures of PEDV infection.     

猪流行性腹泻及新型疫苗研究进展

猪流行性腹泻（porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED）是危害养猪业健康发展的重要疾病之一,具有急性、高度传染性的特征,给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失。猪流行性腹泻病毒（porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV）感染会破坏动物机体的消化系统,造成患病猪食欲下降、呕吐以及严重腹泻等,且药物治愈后的仔猪也会因为生长发育不良等因素严重影响生产,给养殖户带来巨大的困扰。2010年PEDV高致病变异毒株在中国暴发流行,导致PED的发病率和死亡率大幅升高,严重影响中国养猪生产。此次PED的暴发流行引起了养猪行业的密切关注,相关研究领域的学者对PEDV致病机制和PED新型疫苗进行了更加深入的研究,亚单位疫苗、病毒活载体疫苗、细菌活载体疫苗、转基因植物疫苗和核酸疫苗5种PED新型疫苗相继被开发,并取得全新的突破和进展。与传统的PED灭活苗和PED弱毒疫苗相比,PED新型基因工程疫苗具有安全性好、制备简单、免疫效果好等优点。文章着重对PEDV发病机理和5种PED新型疫苗的研究进展展开综述,从而加深对PEDV和PED新型疫苗的了解,以期为PEDV感染的预防和控制措施提供参考。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒检测方法研究进展

介绍了猪流行性腹泻病毒实验室检测方法的研究进展,在细胞生物学方面,主依靠病毒分离培养、病毒电镜形态检查、病毒特异性抗原及其抗体的检查等检测方法;在分子生物学方面,主依靠核酸杂交技术、RT—PCR法和实时荧光定量RT—PCR法等检测方法。介绍和比较了各种方法的优缺点和实用性,为临床兽医科技工作者提供参考。     

Development and Evaluation of an Indirect ELISA for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus IgA in Pig Serum and Milk Captured by Monoclonal Antibody

For the rapid and accurate evaluation of the IgA antibody level of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in pig serum and milk,a specific PEDV IgG monoclonal antibody (MAb) 8A3 was screened from four strains of PEDV MAb,which could capture all virus particles (inactivated virus cell culture medium) of PEDV efficiently.In this method,the coating concentration of 6.0 μg/mL showed the optimal performance of MAb 8A3,the cut-off value (D_{450 nm}) was settled as 0.34,it had no cross-reactivity with the positive serums of common porcine viruses.Compared with immune-peroxidase monolayer assay (IPMA),the concordance rates of established ELISA for positive and negative serum detection were 98.7% (152/154) and 98.0% (145/148),respectively.For positive and negative samples of colostrum and milk,the concordance rates of the established ELISA compared with IPMA were 100% (60/60) and 95.8% (23/24),respectively.IgA levels in colostrum and milk samples during lactation detected by established ELISA were highly correlated with trends in neutralizing titers (kappa=0.835).Collectively,the indirect ELISA in this study had high sensitivity and specificity,it was a rapid and objective method suitable for large-scale detection of PEDV IgA in clinical samples.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒抗体ELISA检测方法的建立

为检测猪血清中猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)抗体水平,以纯化的PEDV作为包被抗原,优化ELISA反应条件,建立了检测PEDV血清IgG抗体的诊断方法:当血清OD_(450nm)值0.31时,判定阳性;当OD_(450nm)值小于0.26时,判定阴性;当OD_(450nm)值介于两者之间判定可疑。结果表明,试验建立的ELISA抗体检测方法可用于检测猪血清中猪流行腹泻病毒抗体、监测猪流行腹泻病的流行情况和评价相关疫苗的免疫效果。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒S蛋白纳米抗体的筛选与鉴定

猪流行性腹泻病（porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED）是一种高度接触性肠道传染性疫病,主要危害1周龄以内的仔猪,仔猪感染死亡率高达100%,是目前危害世界养猪业的主要疫病之一。本研究旨在制备针对猪流行性腹泻病毒S蛋白的特异性纳米抗体并鉴定其结合活性。作者原核表达并纯化PEDV S1蛋白,将纯化后的PEDV S1重组蛋白免疫双峰驼,第4次免疫后分离其外周血淋巴细胞,提取淋巴细胞RNA,反转录得到cDNA,通过巢式PCR扩增VHH片段,并构建至pCANTAB-5E载体中,电转化至TG1感受态细胞,得到VHH噬菌体抗体展示文库;随后,对构建的噬菌体抗体展示文库进行救援和3轮富集,利用噬菌体展示技术从中筛选针对PEDV S蛋白纳米抗体,通过ELISA验证筛选的纳米抗体的特异性和结合力。通过Western blot和间接免疫荧光验证纳米抗体与PEDV的结合活性。结果显示：成功表达并纯化PEDV S1蛋白,经4次免疫后,双峰驼血清中的特异性抗体效价达到了1∶256 000。构建的噬菌体展示文库的库容量为2.1×10⁷,阳性率85%;对噬菌体展示文库3轮的淘选富集后,最终筛选出6株氨基酸序列不同的纳米抗体,ELISA结果显示,6株纳米抗体均对PEDV S1重组蛋白具有良好的结合力与特异性。随后验证了Nb3能够与PEDV结合,表明其具有良好的活性。成功筛选到针对PEDV S1蛋白的特异性纳米抗体,所筛选纳米抗体有望用于PED的诊断和治疗,同时为PEDV的致病机制研究提供抗体材料。     

某规模化养殖场猪流行性腹泻急性病例报告

猪流行性腹泻是由猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)引起的高度接触性肠道传染病,临床以仔猪呕吐、严重腹泻、高死亡率(产房仔猪达到100%)为主要特征,随着PEDV毒株的变异及其规模化猪场的扩张,猪场布局密度日益扩大,猪流行性腹泻在猪场已经成为常态化,尤其在冬春季节更为严重,对养殖场造成的损失严重,笔者处理了一起规模化猪场的的腹泻案例,在此分享供大家参考借鉴。     

猪流行性腹泻防控关键技术

介绍了猪流行性腹泻病毒（porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV）的病原学特征,提出了针对猪流行性腹泻（porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED）防控的有效措施及关键技术,以期为生猪养殖场在寒冷季节科学预防PED的发生和流行提供参考。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒的分子生物学特性以及胰酶对其作用机理

猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)在体外分离培养需依赖胰酶,目前胰酶对猪流行性腹泻病毒的作用机理尚未完全清晰,文中从分子生物学方面阐述胰酶对猪流行性腹泻病毒的作用。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒分离鉴定及其灭活疫苗免疫保护效果研究

为筛选能用于猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)疫苗研发的流行毒株,收集PEDV阳性病料,以Vero细胞进行病毒分离试验,并对分离毒株进行外源病毒检测、病毒培养特性研究、仔猪毒力试验及免疫效力试验等。9份PEDV阳性病料共分离到3株病毒,分别命名为PEDV-SC12、PEDV-JS12、PEDV-JX12。其中PEDV-SC12株存在支原体污染;PEDV-JS12株与PEDV-JX12株均能被PEDV特异性阳性血清中和;PEDV-JS12株能在Vero细胞上增殖并产生细胞病变,但适应细胞45代以后病毒培养效价仍然偏低;PEDV-JX12滴度能维持在106.0 TCID50/mL以上。PEDV-JX12株毒力试验显示,该分离株能够通过人工感染复制出腹泻病例,并能从发病动物体内检测到感染的病毒。免疫攻毒保护试验显示,以PEDV-JX12株制备的灭活疫苗免疫母猪,对所产仔猪攻毒后免疫组6.25%(1/16)发病,对照组100%(8/8)发病。说明PEDV-JX12株能够适应细胞培养,免疫接种母猪能给仔猪提供有效保护,可以用于PEDV流行毒株的疫苗研发。     

基于钙黄绿素显色的可视化LAMP检测猪流行性腹泻病毒的研究

针对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的NP基因设计1套环介导等温扩增(LAMP)引物,在反应体系中添加钙黄绿素/氯化锰指示剂代替传统的反应后添加SYBR Green Ⅰ染料,建立了基于钙黄绿素的可视化LAMP检测PEDV的方法。该方法能在65 ℃ 1 h内特异性扩增PEDV,与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪轮状病毒(PoRV)及大肠杆菌等均无交叉反应,检测下限为3.73 pg/μL,其结果可用肉眼判断,快捷方便。用该方法对龙岩学院动物医学研究所接诊的93份腹泻病例进行检测,结果表明,LAMP方法检测PEDV的阳性率为43.01%(40/93),高于普通PCR的检出率(38.7%,36/93)。本试验建立的可视化LAMP检测方法能用于PED诊断。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒N蛋白阻断ELISA抗体检测方法的建立及初步应用

旨在建立一种猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)N蛋白阻断ELISA抗体检测方法.本研究将纯化的N蛋白作为包被抗原,通过棋盘滴定法优化ELISA反应条件,建立了检测PEDV抗体的阻断ELISA方法,并对其进行特异性、敏感性和重复性试验.对140份临床血清样品进行检测,并将检测结果与市售IDvet PEDV间接ELISA抗体检测...     

猪流行性腹泻病毒反向遗传学及其研究进展

猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是高度接触性肠道传染病猪流行性腹泻（PED）的病原,是有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒,基因组全长约28 kb。2010年以来,PEDV G2型高致病性毒株不断发生变异,给全国乃至全球的养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。反向遗传学系统,即构建RNA病毒的全长感染性克隆。近年来,PEDV主要基于靶向RNA重组、BAC系统和体外连接3种方法来建立全长感染性cDNA克隆。文章简述了反向遗传学的原理和方法。靶向RNA重组利用冠状病毒RNA的高同源重组的特点来实现病毒的拯救;BAC系统利用pBeloBAC11载体克服PEDV基因组中含有的毒性序列所导致的cDNA在高拷贝质粒中不稳定的困难;体外连接技术主要利用PEDV基因组本身存在的限制性内切酶的酶切位点或通过改造的酶切位点在体外将病毒分片段地连接成全长的cDNA克隆。另外,文章还总结了近年来基于反向遗传学技术的PEDV相关的研究进展。PEDV反向遗传学是研究PEDV病毒基因组结构功能及设计减毒活疫苗的有效工具,利用反向遗传学技术探究S基因等毒力相关基因,探究其突变或缺失对病毒致病机制的影响,揭示PEDV毒力衰减的分子机制,有望设计出具有良好免疫原性且避免毒株返毒和重组减毒活疫苗。总之,PEDV反向遗传学是研究PEDV基因组结构及功能、病毒宿主相互作用及致病机制的一种重要方法,同时也是设计PEDV减毒活疫苗一种合理有效的途径。     

Use of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to monitor antibody responses in swine with experimentally induced infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

A blocking ELISA was developed to detect antibodies directed against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). The PEDV antigen was first incubated with dilutions of test sera. Any antigen that was not blocked by antibodies in the serum was assayed in a double-antibody sandwich ELISA, using 2 monoclonal antibodies directed against different antigenic sites on PEDV as capture and detecting antibodies, respectively. The blocking ELISA was compared with a fixed-cell ELISA that used monolayers of Vero cells infected with PEDV prototype strain CV777 as a solid phase and a conjugate of an IgG-specific monoclonal antibody for antibody detection. Pigs were inoculated with PEDV strain CV777 or 1 of 2 field isolates, and antibody responses were measured by use of the 2 tests. Antibodies were detected by the blocking ELISA as early as postinoculation day 7 and, by the fixed-cell ELISA, as early as postinoculation day 14. From day 14 on, antibody titers for both tests correlated highly. Titers for the fixed-cell ELISA were 5.4 times higher than those for the blocking ELISA. The latter technique is easier to perform and discriminates well between infected and noninfected pigs, which makes this test useful for routine diagnosis and serologic surveys of porcine epidemic diarrhea.