羊泰勒虫中国株裂殖子的蛋白分析

采用SDS—PAGE和Western—blotting试验对羊泰勒虫临潭株、隆德株、张家川株和夏河株裂殖子蛋白进行了分析。SDS-PAGE结果显示，羊泰勒虫临潭株与隆德株的亲缘关系较近；张家川株与夏河株的亲缘关系也比较近。4个虫株的阳性血清分别与4个株裂殖子蛋白的Western blotting试验结果表明，4个株虫体的阳性血清与临潭株和张家川株的裂殖子蛋白在38ku处有共同反应。提示38ku蛋白多肽有望成为特异性诊断抗原，为重组疫苗的研究提供依据。     

吉林省部分地区羊泰勒虫病流行病学调查及分类鉴定

为了解吉林省部分地区羊泰勒虫病的流行情况,试验采用PCR方法对采自吉林省部分地区羊血液样本235份进行羊泰勒虫检测,并对部分阳性样本进行测序分析,建立系统发育树。结果显示,羊泰勒虫阳性率为28.08%,为吕氏泰勒虫单独感染,没有检测到尤氏泰勒虫和绵羊泰勒虫感染。系统发育树分析表明,吉林省吕氏泰勒虫与青海分离株分布于同一分支,亲缘关系最近,与绵羊泰勒虫、尤氏泰勒虫亲缘关系较远。此次调查为吉林省羊泰勒虫病的综合防治提供了理论依据。     

小亚璃眼蜱源性牛环形泰勒虫裂殖子表面抗原(Tams1)基因检测及同源性分析

针对牛环形泰勒虫裂殖子表面抗原(Tams1)基因设计特异性引物,对提取的奶牛全血DNA和小亚璃眼蜱组织DNA进行环形泰勒虫病原的PCR扩增,并对PCR产物进行克隆、测序和同源性分析。结果显示,血源性和小亚璃眼蜱蜱源性环形泰勒虫Tams1基因序列大小分别为534bp和546 bp,经NCBI BLAST后发现,血液源性环形泰勒虫与环形泰勒虫印度株同源性为99%,而蜱源性环形泰勒虫与环形泰勒虫意大利株有99%的同源性,表明新疆地区存在环形泰勒虫不同株型的流行。     

山东省媒介蜱类种类鉴定及羊泰勒虫病流行病学调查

为了阐明山东省蜱类种类及羊泰勒虫病流行概况,于2012年3月-2013年11月采用形态学鉴定法鉴定收集的14 878只蜱类标本;采用梨形虫、泰勒科通用引物及种属特异性引物对617份羊血液样品进行PCR检测,并对阳性样品18SrRNA基因进行遗传进化分析;分析不同月份蜱类活动频率及羊泰勒虫感染率。结果显示山东省长角血蜱(Haemaphysalis longicornis)和草原革蜱(Dermacentor nuttalli)所占比例分别为75.3%和24.7%,统计学分析显示长角血蜱显著多于草原革蜱(P0.05),为山东省优势蜱种。PCR检测结果显示山东省羊泰勒虫感染率为24.8%;其中吕氏泰勒虫感染率为12.0%、尤氏泰勒虫感染率为11.8%,混和感染率为5.3%,没有检测到绵阳泰勒虫感染,统计学分析显示吕氏泰勒虫和尤氏泰勒虫在羊群的感染率无统计学差异(P0.05),吕氏泰勒虫与尤氏泰勒虫单虫种感染率显著高于混合感染率(P0.05)。遗传进化分析显示山东省吕氏泰勒虫和尤氏泰勒虫与北京分离株分布于同一分支,而区别于西北地区和南方地区分离株,呈现区域聚集性;不同月份蜱类活动频率与羊泰勒虫感染率呈现季节相关性。上述结果表明山东省优势媒介蜱种为长角血蜱,羊泰勒虫感染虫种为吕氏泰勒虫和尤氏泰勒虫,感染率较高,且与媒介蜱类存在相关性,为山东省羊泰勒虫病防控提供科学实验依据。     

环形泰勒虫3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的原核表达、多克隆抗体制备及亚细胞定位

为了研究环形泰勒虫3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)的功能,本试验利用PCR技术从环形泰勒虫裂殖体cDNA中扩增环形泰勒虫GAPDH (TaGAPDH)基因,将扩增产物克隆到原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,并转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行融合蛋白诱导表达,融合蛋白纯化后免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体,分别用间接ELISA和Western blotting检测抗体的效价和特异性;利用激光共聚焦荧光显微镜观察TaGAPDH蛋白在环形泰勒虫裂殖体中的亚细胞定位.结果显示,克隆得到了TaGAPDH全长基因,大小为1 020 bp;SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,融合蛋白大小约44 ku,且以包涵体形式存在.制备的多克隆抗体效价高达1:12 800,具有很高的特异性;亚细胞定位显示TaGAPDH蛋白主要分布于环形泰勒虫裂殖体细胞质内.以上结果表明本试验成功克隆表达了TaGAPDH基因,并制备了针对TaGAPDH蛋白的兔多克隆抗体,为筛选环形泰勒虫病疫苗、药物靶点及研究环形泰勒虫能量代谢奠定了基础.     

用溶血素从感染红细胞分离羊泰勒虫裂殖子

用嗜水气单胞菌产生的细胞毒素—溶血素Ah-1,裂解羊泰勒虫感染的红细胞,通过Percoll密度梯度离心分离羊泰勒虫裂殖子,建立了一种自感染红细胞中分离泰勒虫裂殖子的快速方法。光学显微镜观察显示,所分离的羊泰勒虫裂殖子基本保留原有的正常形态,并从宿主细胞成分中游离。     

酵母双杂交技术筛选朊蛋白PrP23-231互作蛋白

利用酵母双杂交技术,以pSos-PrP23-231载体为诱饵质粒,筛选小鼠脑cDNA文库中能与朊蛋白PrP23-231相互作用的蛋白。通过一次筛选,三次验证,从小鼠脑cDNA文库中得到2个阳性克隆,通过BLAST序列比对得到2个候选基因序列,并对验证后的阳性克隆的外源性片段进行测序及同源性分析,得到的蛋白编码基因可能与朊蛋白存在相互作用,其作用可能与疯牛病发病机制有关。     

羊泰勒虫吉林省分离株18S rRNA基因的克隆和序列分析

为分析羊泰勒虫吉林省分离株的18S rRNA基因序列,根据羊泰勒虫18S rRNA基因的保守区序列设计1对引物,对吉林省的绵羊血液基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,结果扩增出长度为459 bp的基因片段,并成功地将该基因克隆到pMD18-T载体。将经纯化、筛选及酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定为阳性的重组质粒进行测序,与已发表的羊泰勒虫基因序列进行比较。序列分析显示,羊泰勒虫吉林省分离株与羊泰勒虫China 1的同源性为100%。     

日本血吸虫保护性单克隆抗体SSj14识别模拟表位的筛选及其免疫原性分析

为分析日本血吸虫保护性单抗SSj14的模拟表位,观察其免疫保护作用,利用SSj14单抗筛选富集噬菌体的随机六肽库,应用免疫印迹法确定阳性克隆并分析其核苷酸序列,采用竞争ELISA法分析阳性克隆的抗原性,用筛选的阳性噬菌体克隆免疫小鼠进行日本血吸虫病免疫保护试验,计算减虫效果,并用ELISA法检测小鼠免疫前后的特异性抗体水平。结果显示,经3轮富集筛选后,免疫印迹法鉴定到4个阳性克隆,它们对SSj14单抗的抑制率分别为20.0%、40.8%、58.6%、61.5%,并分别在小鼠中诱导了7.42%、9.43%、11.74%、22.30%的减虫率。用噬菌体克隆免疫的小鼠均产生了较高水平的特异性抗体。结果表明,筛选到的阳性噬菌体克隆和SSj14单抗有较高的亲和力,并诱导了抗小鼠日本血吸虫的部分保护效果。     

96孔板-PCR排除法筛选猪蛔虫雌虫卵黄蛋白原基因

为了从猪蛔虫雌虫cDNA文库中筛选出猪蛔虫雌虫卵黄蛋白原基因,本研究根据猪蛔虫雌虫卵黄蛋白原基因的EST序列为模板设计引物,采用96孔板-PCR排除法对猪蛔虫雌虫cDNA文库进行筛选,并筛选出阳性克隆F993-G10-A10。测序结果表明,该基因序列长621bp,有完整的3'端。经BLAST分析,其推导的氨基酸序列与秀丽隐杆线虫(C.elegans)的卵黄蛋白原基因(Vit1、Vit2、Vit3、Vit4和Vit5)的氨基酸序列的一致性分别为35%、35%、34%、34%和35%,核苷酸序列相似性分别为55%、57%、54%、54%和53%。该阳性克隆的获得为该基因的深入研究奠定了基础。同时也证明了96孔-PCR排除法是一种高效、简便、低成本的筛选文库方法。     

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to first-generation merozoites of Eimeria bovis.

Merozoites of Eimeria bovis were harvested from bovine monocyte cell cultures and used to immunize BALB/C mice. Spleens from immunized mice were removed and the cells fused with mouse myeloma cells. Supernates from resulting hybridoma cell lines were examined for antibodies to first-generation E. bovis merozoites using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) assay. Three positive cell lines were identified and cloned by limiting dilution. All three cell lines produced immunoglobulins of the IgG1 isotype that recognized antigens in the anterior half to two-thirds of the merozoites. Specificity of the monoclonal antibodies was examined with the IFA assay against sporozoites of E. bovis, sporozoites and merozoites of Eimeria papillata from mice and Eimeria tenella from chickens, sporozoites of Isospora suis from pigs, and tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum from cell cultures. Monoclonal antibodies from the three clones reacted with the anterior end of E. bovis sporozoites, but did not react with the other parasites examined. None of the monoclonal antibodies reacted with merozoite antigens in immunoblots.     

Production and characterization of a panel of monoclonal antibodies for the identification of antigens of Babesia bovis

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was produced and characterized by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting with the aim of identifying antigens of Babesia bovis. After fusion, the resultant hybrids were selected by the IFAT, cloned, maintained in culture in vitro, and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Ten clones producing monoclonal antibodies were found to react against the entire merozoites, three reacted on the surface of the merozoites, and one clone reacted against the polar region of the merozoites. All monoclonal antibodies reacted in ELISA, with the optical density varying from 0.368 to 0.502 (cut off = 0.022). The bands recognized by the monoclonal antibodies in Western blotting had molecular weights ranging from 162 to 19 kDa. Four clones recognized a single band of 73 kDa, and another four did not react in Western blotting.     

Identification of antigenic epitopes of the SapA protein of Campylobacter fetus using a phage display peptide library

In this study, we immunized mice with prokaryotically expressed recombinant surface layer protein, SapA, of Campylobacter fetus, generated hybridomas secreting mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting SapA, and purified the mAb A2D5 from mouse ascites using saturated ammonium sulfate solution. The mAb A2D5, coated onto ELISA plates, was used to screen the phage random 12-peptide library through three rounds of panning. Following panning, 15 phage clones were randomly chosen and tested for reactivity with mAb A2D5 by indirect ELISA. Single-stranded DNA from positive clones was sequenced and compared with the sequence of SapA to predict the key epitope. ELISA and/or Western blot analyses further validated that synthetic peptides and recombinant peptide mimotopes all interact with mAb A2D5. Nine of ten positive phage clones identified by screening were sequenced successfully. Seven clones shared the same sequence HYDRHNYHWWHT; one had the sequence LSKNLPLTALGN; and the final one had the sequence SGMKEPELRSYS. These three sequences shared high homology with SapA J05577 in the region GNEKDFVTKIYSIALGNTSDVDGINYW, in which the underlined amino acids may serve as key residues in the epitope. ELISA and/or Western blot analyses showed that mAb A2D5 not only interacted with the four synthetic peptide mimotopes, but also with 14 prokaryotically expressed recombinant peptide mimotopes. The mimotopes identified in this study will aid future studies into the pathological processes and immune mechanisms of the SapA protein of C. fetus.     

噬菌体肽库技术筛选抗PRRSV肽及其应用

噬菌体展示肽库是一种被广泛用于抗原表位鉴定,结合蛋白筛选的技术。该试验利用噬菌体展示技术筛选与猪呼吸与繁殖障碍综合征病毒（PRRSV）ORF1B复制酶蛋白相互作用的蛋白,并进一步验证筛选蛋白的抗病毒作用。以表达纯化的PRRSV ORF1B蛋白CTD包被高亲和性96孔板作为靶蛋白,应用T7噬菌体展示技术对随机12肽库cDNA文库进行筛选,并分析测序筛选的克隆。将筛选出的克隆序列合成后,在体外验证合成多肽的抗PRRSV效果。结果表明,在4轮的噬菌体筛选后,共得到87个阳性克隆,经测序鉴定出11个筛选的12肽,并通过体外抗病毒试验得到P10是一个具有高抗病毒活性的12肽。试验结果为PRRSV的抗病毒研究奠定了基础。     

Identification of antigenic epitopes of the SapA protein of Campylobacter fetus using a phage display peptide library

In this study, we immunized mice with prokaryotically expressed recombinant surface layer protein, SapA, of Campylobacter fetus, generated hybridomas secreting mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting SapA, and purified the mAb A2D5 from mouse ascites using saturated ammonium sulfate solution. The mAb A2D5, coated onto ELISA plates, was used to screen the phage random 12-peptide library through three rounds of panning. Following panning, 15 phage clones were randomly chosen and tested for reactivity with mAb A2D5 by indirect ELISA. Single-stranded DNA from positive clones was sequenced and compared with the sequence of SapA to predict the key epitope. ELISA and/or Western blot analyses further validated that synthetic peptides and recombinant peptide mimotopes all interact with mAb A2D5. Nine of ten positive phage clones identified by screening were sequenced successfully. Seven clones shared the same sequence HYDRHNYHWWHT; one had the sequence LSKNLPLTALGN; and the final one had the sequence SGMKEPELRSYS. These three sequences shared high homology with SapA J05577 in the region GNEKDFVTKIYSIALGNTSDVDGINYW, in which the underlined amino acids may serve as key residues in the epitope. ELISA and/or Western blot analyses showed that mAb A2D5 not only interacted with the four synthetic peptide mimotopes, but also with 14 prokaryotically expressed recombinant peptide mimotopes. The mimotopes identified in this study will aid future studies into the pathological processes and immune mechanisms of the SapA protein of C. fetus.     

胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ单抗制备及夹心ELISA的初步建立

制备配对胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)单抗,建立人血清中胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ夹心ELISA检测方法。用胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备免疫脾细胞,与SP2/0融合,用HAT培养基进行筛选培养,间接ELISA检测阳性克隆,对阳性孔进行多次单克隆化,选出效价高、分泌性能稳定的杂交瘤细胞,制备腹水并进行纯化。进行单抗配对,建立胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ双抗体夹心检测方法。获得1D8、1C6、2H11、2E3等4株杂交瘤,经配对试验,确定1D8、2H11可作为夹心ELISA检测PGⅡ的单抗。成功制备出配对单抗,初步建立了PGⅡ双抗体夹心ELISA方法。     

Application of recombinant antibody library for screening specific antigens in a bovine sperm cell subpopulation

Antibody phage display libraries are a useful tool in proteomic analyses. This study evaluated an antibody recombinant library for identification of sex-specific proteins on the sperm cell surface. The Griffin.1 library was used to produce phage antibodies capable of recognizing membrane proteins from Nelore sperm cells. After producing soluble monoclonal scFv, clones were screened on Simental sperm cells by flow cytometry and those that bound to 40–60% of cells were selected. These clones were re-analyzed using Nelore sperm cells and all clones bound to 40–60% of cells. Positive clones were submitted to a binding assay against male and female bovine leukocytes by flow cytometry and one clone preferentially bound to male cells. The results indicate that phage display antibodies are an alternative method for identification of molecules markers on sperm cells.     

Charting the proteome of Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites using sequence similarity-based BLAST searching

Cryptosporidium (C.) spp. are important zoonotic parasites causing widespread diarrhoeal disease in man and animals. The recent release of the complete genome sequences for C. parvum and C. hominis has facilitated the comprehensive global proteome analysis of these opportunistic pathogens. The well-known approach for mass spectrometry (MS) based data analysis using the BLAST tool (MS BLAST) is a database search protocol for identifying unknown proteins by sequence similarity to homologous proteins using peptide sequences produced by mass spectrometry. We have used several complementary approaches to explore the global sporozoite proteome of C. parvum with available proteomic tools. To optimize the output of the MS data, a sequence similarity-based MS BLAST strategy was employed for bioinformatic analysis. Most significantly, almost all the constituents of glycolysis and several mitochondrion-related proteins were identified. In addition, many hypothetical Cryptosporidium proteins were validated by the identification of their constituent peptides. The MS BLAST approach was found to be useful during the study and could provide valuable information towards a complete understanding of the unique biology of Cryptosporidium.     

日本乙型脑炎病毒E抗原表位的筛选

为筛选日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)的E抗原表位,本实验以抗JEV E蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)作为固相筛选分子,应用噬菌体表面展示技术,按消减、结合、洗脱、扩增的顺序筛选噬菌体七肽库,挑取噬菌体单克隆培养并采用MAb包被的ELISA鉴定,对阳性克隆测序分析,确定JEV E抗原模拟表位的氨基酸序列.设计合成包含该表位的E抗原15肽(E-365GGADSMSMAGMAVSYE-379)cDNA序列,与pGEX-KG构建重组表达质粒,诱导表达重组多肽并进行western blot验证.经过4轮筛选后,噬菌体得到高度富集,挑取单克隆采用MAb包被进行ELISA鉴定,有22个克隆呈阳性.对重组多肽进行western blot验证,结果表明该重组多肽能够特异结合兔抗JEV多克隆抗体.本实验成功筛选出JEV结构蛋白E的特异性噬菌体模拟表位,为开展用JEV抗原表位探索JEV的防制研究创造了条件,为多肽疫苗研制、药物筛选以及特异血清学诊断方法的建立提供重要依据.