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河南省常见的棉盲蝽有绿盲蝽、中黑盲蝽、苜蓿盲蝽、三点盲蝽4种,其中绿盲蝽为优势种群。在河南省,棉盲蝽一年发生3~5代,其中棉田发生2~4代,以成虫和若虫通过刺吸式口器吸取汁液,为害棉花的嫩头、生长点、幼嫩花蕾及棉铃,造成破头、破叶、丛生枝、蕾铃大量脱落等。象, 相似文献
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棉花是开封市主要经济作物之一 ,常年播种面积 8万~ 1 0万公顷。近几年 ,开封市棉区盲蝽象发生危害逐年严重 ,特别是 2 0 0 3、2 0 0 4年连续两年大发生 ,成为阻碍开封市棉花发展的最主要害虫。1发生特点1 .1以苜蓿盲蝽为主多种盲蝽混合发生。据调查 ,开封市棉区盲蝽象的种类以苜蓿盲蝽为主 ,与中黑盲蝽、绿盲蝽和三点盲蝽混合发生 ,其中 ,苜蓿盲蝽占44.3% ,中黑盲蝽占 34.6% ,绿盲蝽占 1 5 .1 % ,三点盲蝽占 6.0 %。1 .2危害时间长 ,世代重叠严重。棉盲蝽因其种类不同 ,发生世代、迁入棉田的时间和危害高峰略有差异。三点盲蝽一年发生 3代… 相似文献
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近几年随着转基因抗虫棉的普及种植及广谱性杀虫剂使用量的减少 ,盲蝽象由次要害虫逐渐上升为主要害虫。 2 0 0 3年本地大发生 ,造成棉花大面积减产、品质下降 ,因此各地应根据其发生规律 ,采取相应综合防治措施 ,以免来年再度严重发生。为害吴桥县棉田的盲蝽种类主要有 4种 :包括三点盲蝽、绿盲蝽、苜蓿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽 ,其中绿盲蝽为优势种 ,其危害性最大 ,危害程度最高。1绿盲蝽发生原因。1 )牧草种植面积扩大 (特别是紫花苜蓿种植面积的扩大 )、保留大量棉柴在田间越冬及田间杂草的存在都为绿盲蝽越冬提供了丰富的越冬场所。 2 )种植密度… 相似文献
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棉盲蝽象属半翅目盲蝽科,河南省周口市棉田盲蝽象的种类主要为绿盲蝽、苜蓿盲蝽、三点盲蝽。近年来,随着气候变暖,果树苗圃和温室大棚作物面积扩大及抗虫棉大面积推广应用,棉盲蝽为害面积逐年扩大,为害程度加重,已上升为棉田主要害虫。2006年在扶沟、西化两县调查,7月~8月虫田率达100%,虫株率60%以上,百株虫量180头~350头,林木苗圃附近地块棉田百株虫量达620头。盲蝽象的为害往往造成棉花产量下降品质降低。1为害特点棉盲蝽象对棉花为害期长,从幼苗一直到吐絮期均有发生,主要为害期在6月~8月,以7月第3代绿盲蝽为害最为严重。盲蝽象以剌吸式… 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象,采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究,并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明:10条引物共扩增出66条条带,其中有37条多态带,多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果,在遗传距离为0.35时,12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类,第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体;第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体;第3类为浙江、广东种源个体;第4类为江西、福建种源个体;第5类为广西种源个体。此结果 相似文献
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为了探讨龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)种质果实性状的稳定性,连续3a对40份不同基因型龙眼种质果实数量性状的年际间表现进行测定比较。结果表明,在气候条件差异较大的不同年份,单果重、果皮重、果肉重、种子重、果皮厚、可食率、可溶性固形含量等果实性状均表现丰富的多样性,并存在年际间的显著或极显著水平差异,气候条件对果实数量性状有显著影响;不同性状的稳定性有差异,其中可食率的稳定性最高,其次是可溶性固形物含量。通过聚类分析,可将40份龙眼种质按果实性状稳定性分成7类。 相似文献