节水抗旱细胞质雄性不育系沪旱7A的高产繁殖技术

沪旱7A是上海市农业生物基因中心选育的节水抗旱细胞质雄性不育系,其不育性好,柱头外露率高,易制种.利用沪旱7A配组的杂交组合节水抗旱、适合轻简栽培、米质优.根据沪旱7A的特征特性,结合多年的生产实践,探讨其高产繁殖技术.     

节水抗旱杂交稻新组合旱优73

旱优73是用抗旱不育系沪旱7A与恢复系旱恢3号配组育成的籼型节水抗旱杂交稻新组合,表现适应性广、节水抗旱、有水增产、缺水稳产等特点,2014年通过安徽省农作物品种审定(皖稻2014024)。栽培要点:适时抢播,播后及时化控除草,早施分蘖肥,及时防治病虫害。制种技术要点:合理安排父母本播差期,适当调整父母本种植行比,增加母本苗数。     

高产优质节水抗旱稻新组合旱优540

旱优540是上海市农业生物基因中心用沪旱5A作母本,以旱恢840作父本配组育成的籼型高产优质节水抗旱杂交水稻新组合,具有节水抗旱、优质、高产、适应性广等优点,2019年通过上海市农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

节水抗旱稻旱优73在江汉平原作再生稻种植的表现及其机械化高产栽培技术

旱优73是由上海市农业生物基因中心与上海天谷生物科技股份有限公司以沪旱7A与旱恢3号配组育成的节水抗旱籼型三系杂交水稻组合,2016—2018年在江汉平原荆州、监利、公安等地作再生稻试种示范,表现出节水抗旱、熟期适中、高产稳产、耐肥抗倒等特点。总结了其近3 a来作再生稻种植的表现及机械化高产栽培技术。     

杂交节水抗旱稻新品种沪优2号高产制种技术

沪优2号是上海市农业生物基因中心用旱稻不育系沪旱1A与恢复系旱恢2号配组而成的高产优质杂交节水抗旱稻,具有株叶型好、抗倒性强、米质优、抗旱性强、适应性广等特点,于2006年通过上海市农作物品种审定,2010年通过国家农作物新品种审定。根据多年对亲本的观察和制种实践,总结了该品种的高产制种技术。     

节水抗旱稻新组合旱优737高产制种技术

旱优737是上海市农业生物基因中心选育的节水抗旱稻杂交组合,具有优质高产、抗逆性强、适合直播等优点,2018年通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据福建省建宁县的气候特点、旱优737亲本的特征特性和大面积制种的经验,总结出该品种的高产制种技术。     

优质节水抗旱稻杂交组合旱优78的选育

旱优78是上海天谷生物科技股份有限公司用不育系沪旱7A与恢复系旱恢78配组育成的三系杂交水稻新组合,具有节水抗旱、品质优、产量高、抗倒性强等特点,2020年通过广西壮族自治区农作物品种审定。     

不同水旱地小麦品种聚类分析及其利用模式研究

为了合理利用小麦种质资源,减少组配小麦杂交组合的盲目性,选取34份在中国大面积推广种植的具有一定代表性的旱薄地、旱肥地、水肥地及水旱兼用型小麦材料,以株高、穗长、有效分蘖数、单穗小穗数、单穗粒数、单株粒重、单株生物学产量、千粒重为指标进行系统聚类分析.结果表明,参试品种可以分为3组,第Ⅰ组是节水高产型品种,可作为高产型亲本;第Ⅱ组耐旱性强的旱薄地品种,可作为改良耐旱性状的亲本材料;第Ⅲ组在旱作条件下综合表现较好,主要表现为有效分蘖多,株高适中,单株粒重、千粒重大,是较为理想的节水高产育种的亲本材料.研究表明,中国小麦育种已经从耐旱潜力的挖掘转向了节水高产潜力的挖掘,选育抗旱节水高产品种是现代育种模式发展的重要方向之一.     

两系杂交中籼新组合皖稻103

皖稻103是安徽省农科院水稻所用2301S与广亲和恢复系H7058组配育成的两系杂交中籼新组合,具有优质、高产、抗病和抗旱等特点,于2003年通过安徽省品种审定.介绍了其特征特性及高产栽培技术和高产安全制种技术.     

辽优16旱种的特征特性及高产栽培、制种技术

简述了旱种条件下水稻抗旱新品种辽优16品种的特征特性、区试产量表现。提出了旱地管理条件下的肥水管理技术、综合防治病虫草害技术及高产制种技术要点。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

12份白花泡桐材料亲缘关系的ISSR分析

以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象，采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究，并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明：10条引物共扩增出66条条带，其中有37条多态带，多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果，在遗传距离为0.35时，12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类，第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体；第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体；第3类为浙江、广东种源个体；第4类为江西、福建种源个体；第5类为广西种源个体。此结果     

龙眼种质资源果实经济性状的稳定性评价

为了探讨龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)种质果实性状的稳定性,连续3a对40份不同基因型龙眼种质果实数量性状的年际间表现进行测定比较。结果表明,在气候条件差异较大的不同年份,单果重、果皮重、果肉重、种子重、果皮厚、可食率、可溶性固形含量等果实性状均表现丰富的多样性,并存在年际间的显著或极显著水平差异,气候条件对果实数量性状有显著影响;不同性状的稳定性有差异,其中可食率的稳定性最高,其次是可溶性固形物含量。通过聚类分析,可将40份龙眼种质按果实性状稳定性分成7类。