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1.
为探讨湘陵628S制种高产的群体结构,通过设置母本不同栽插株数处理,研究了母本栽插株数对群体分蘖动态、抽穗开花动态以及产量结构的影响.结果表明,每穴栽插2、3、4株处理的最高苗数、抽穗期、开花期均较每穴栽插1株者提前1~2d,并且其群体抽穗历期缩短,开花更为集中,有利于制种产量提高;随着每穴栽插株数的增加,母本穗长、总粒数、实粒数均逐渐减少,单位面积有效穗数则逐渐增加,但每穴栽插2株、3株的处理单位面积颖花数多于每穴栽插1株和4株的处理,使前者产量高于后者.因此,在采用湘陵628S进行杂交制种时,母本栽插株数以每穴栽2株或3株最有利制种群体的集中授粉和高产.  相似文献   

2.
不同插植密度与插植苗数对辽优0201制种产量性状的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对优质、高产杂交粳稻新组合辽优0201制种田中母本的不同插植密度与插植苗数对其制种产量性状的影响进行了研究.结果表明:单穗颖花数、单穗结实率、单穴成穗数在不同插植密度下存在显著差异,单穗颖花数在不同插植苗数下存在显著差异,单穗结实粒数、单穴成穗数、群体穗数、测产产量等指标在插植密度与插植苗数互作上存在显著的差异;距离父本不同的母本行在单穗结实粒数上也有显著不同,靠近父本的边行有利于提高这个指标;各处理中,D2P2(即插植密度为20.0cm×13.3cm,每穴插植苗数2苗)可作为该组合制种的较好设置,行比以1:4或1:5为宜.同时初步构建了辽优0201制种产量的预测模型.  相似文献   

3.
为充分挖掘湘早籼46号高产潜力,进一步提高产量,采用裂区设计方法.研究不同施氮量和栽插密度对湘早籼46号产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:(1)不同施氮量及栽插密度对湘早籼46号的产量有着显著的影响.以施氮量为240kg/hm2且栽培密度为40×104/hm2的处理产量最高。(2)不同施氮量及栽插密度对产量构成因素也有着不同的影响.其中对单位面积有效穗数影响最大,每穗总粒数次之,结实率相对较小,千粒重最为稳定.  相似文献   

4.
为探究水稻新品种盐糯17机械化栽插的最适密度,设置5个不同的栽插密度(2.22万、1.85万、1.59万、1.39万、1.24万穴/667 m2),比较这5个栽插密度下盐糯17的叶龄进程、茎蘖动态和主要农艺性状.结果表明:盐糯17的叶龄进程随着栽插密度的提升而加快;单穴茎蘖数随着栽插密度的降低先增加,当栽插密度降低到1.59万穴/667 m2时,不再随着栽插密度的降低而增加;茎蘖总数随着栽插密度的降低而降低.盐糯17的主要农艺性状中,株高随着栽插密度的降低先增加,当栽插密度降低到1.59万穴/667 m2时趋于稳定;全生育期随着栽插密度的降低加长;有效穗数随着栽插密度的降低显著减少;不同栽插密度下穗粒数差异没有统计学意义,但低密度处理下大小穗差异情况较多.盐糯17在栽插密度为1.59万穴/667 m2时,千粒质量最高;在栽插密度为1.59万~1.85万穴/667 m2时,产量较高.  相似文献   

5.
施氮量和栽插密度对超高产水稻中早22产量和品质的影响   总被引:38,自引:1,他引:37  
以超高产水稻中早22为材料,研究不同氮肥用量(纯N 0、105、150、195 kg/hm2)和栽插密度(24万、30万、36万穴/hm2)对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明:1)栽插密度对结实率、千粒重、有效穗数和每穗粒数影响较小,各栽插密度下,产量差异未达显著水平;2)氮肥用量对每穗粒数影响较小,对有效穗数、结实率和千粒重影响较大,纯N用量为195 kg/hm2时,增穗作用不明显,反而显著降低结实率和千粒重,导致减产;3)不同栽插密度对中早22稻米品质影响不明显,蛋白质含量随栽插密度提高略有增加;4)氮肥用量的增加利于提高稻米的碾磨和外观品质,蛋白质含量也随之增加。  相似文献   

6.
以水稻新品种"盐粳218"为材料,采用小区对比方法,探讨了不同栽插密度对水稻生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,栽插密度为31 cm×15 cm,每穴栽插4本株条件下盐粳218叶绿素含量较高、且生育后期下降幅度最小,分蘖提早、有效穗数增加,单茎茎鞘物质输出率、茎鞘物质转换率、收获指数较高,产量结构合理、产量水平较高。  相似文献   

7.
《杂交水稻》2016,(6):29-31
在杂交粳稻组合常优5号制种中,采用10行水稻制种专用插秧机,研究分析了母本不同播种量育秧对制种产量结构及产量的影响。结果表明:不同播种量对母本的秧苗素质有明显的影响,播种量为55 g/盘处理有利于壮秧,提高秧苗移栽后的活棵和分蘖、成穗;55 g/盘播种量处理在有效穗数、每穗实粒数和千粒重这3项产量结构中,有效穗数和千粒重与其他处理一致,但每穗实粒数极显著高于其他处理,最终制种产量达到3.12 t/hm~2,显著高于其他处理。  相似文献   

8.
超级杂交晚稻淦鑫688适宜栽插密度初探   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在栽插密度15万~33万穴/hm2范围内,研究了超级杂交晚稻淦鑫688不同栽插密度对产量及其构成因素的影响.结果表明淦鑫688栽插密度以每公顷植27万穴(行株距24.0 cm×15.4 cm)为佳;栽插密度主要通过有效穗和每穗总粒数影响产量.  相似文献   

9.
  以杂交水稻组合Ⅱ优498为材料,在三角形强化栽培(TSRI)条件下,研究移栽秧龄和栽插密度对水稻结实期一些生理特性及产量形成的影响。结果表明,在TSRI下,栽培密度的补偿效应可以改善不同移栽秧龄处理下杂交稻Ⅱ优498结实期的一些形态及生理特性,进而获得高产。当移栽秧龄为2叶1心、栽植密度为40 cm × 40 cm时,在一定数量有效穗数的前提下,控制水稻无效分蘖的数量,能够使结实期水稻群体获得较高的叶面积指数(LAI)和高效LAI,延缓了结实期水稻叶面积的下降,而且生育后期根系不早衰,有利于促进茎鞘物质输出,增加茎鞘物质输出率及转化率,其每穗实粒数、千粒重、结实率存在优势,产量最高,且极显著高于其他处理,为此试验TSRI下最佳的移栽秧龄和栽插密度组合。移栽秧龄为8叶1心和栽插密度为50 cm × 50 cm的处理均会造成有效穗数显著降低,影响水稻结实期正常的生理机能,导致产量显著下降。结合产量表现,5叶1心移栽,栽插密度以30 cm × 30 cm ~ 40 cm × 40 cm为宜,可供缓解作物间茬口矛盾的情况下参考;大苗移栽容易加快结实期水稻衰老进程,产量显著降低,大苗移栽应加大移栽密度,本研究条件下栽植密度以30 cm × 30 cm为宜。  相似文献   

10.
插植密度与插植苗数对超级稻产量和抗倒力的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
2009年早、晚季以常规超级稻桂农占为试验材料,研究不同插植密度和栽插苗数对产量、产量构成和植株抗倒力的影响。结果表明,(1)栽插密度对晚季水稻产量具有极显著的影响,高密度有利于高产,但对早季水稻产量的影响不显著;插植苗数对早、晚季的产量影响较小,未达显著水平。(2)栽插密度对单位面积的有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和群体颖花量影响较大,对结实率和千粒重影响较小;插植苗数对单位面积的有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数影响较大,对群体颖花量、结实率和千粒重影响较小。(3)丛、株抗倒力随插植密度的增大和插植苗数的增多而下降。综上所述,对于常规超级稻品种桂农占在高肥力稻田、适宜的施N量和合理的N肥运畴条件下,早季插植密度以24万丛/hm2、每丛插3苗,晚季插植密度以30万丛/hm2、每丛插4苗,能较好兼顾高产、高效和有效防止倒伏。  相似文献   

11.
针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。  相似文献   

12.
以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。  相似文献   

13.
14.
Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.  相似文献   

15.
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.  相似文献   

16.
通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。  相似文献   

17.
1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切  相似文献   

18.
MADS-box基因家族广泛分布于真核生物中,巴西橡胶树的MADS-box基因家族主要参与花形态建成,对生殖生长起到重要的调节作用。目前,MADS-box基因家族的26个相关基因已被克隆分析,但它们在染色体上的具体位置还未确定。本研究以巴西橡胶树‘热研7-33-97’品种为材料,将MADS-box基因家族的6个成员(HbAGL8HbAG15HbAGL30HbTT16HbAP1HbSVP1)定位在细胞核染色体上,通过双探针荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)对巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的这6个成员在细胞核染色体上进行物理定位分析。结果表明:MADS-box基因家族的6个基因分别位于不同的染色体上,其中HbAGL15HbAG8HbAG30HbSVP1基因定位在第4、5、7和8号染色体长臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是11.85、39.71、48.94和6.70;HbTT16HbAP1基因定位在第1和13号染色体短臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是22.19和18.01。本研究结果揭示了巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的6个成员在细胞核染色体上的实际位置,展现家族基因之间的分布特点和连锁遗传关系,不仅丰富了橡胶树分子细胞遗传学信息,也为橡胶树的分子辅助育种和比较基因组学研究提供了分子细胞遗传学的科学理论依据。  相似文献   

19.
A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.  相似文献   

20.
Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R2= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r2= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r2= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r2= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.  相似文献   

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