转cry1Ab基因水稻对二化螟幼虫的致死和亚致死效应

测定了转cry1Ab基因水稻"克螟稻1号"对二化螟幼虫的致死和亚致死作用.结果表明,1龄、3龄、5龄幼虫持续取食"克螟稻1号"时,死亡率极高,5龄虽存活了较长时间,但不能正常化蛹.而当取食"克螟稻1号"一段时间后,改以亲本对照"秀水11"为食时,除在初期死亡较多外,死亡率不随时间而显著上升,能存活至下一龄期,部分还可化蛹,且幼虫总的历期与对照组差异不显著.幼虫取食一定时间的"克螟稻1号"后改食对照时,除1龄外,3龄和5龄幼虫经处理后所得的蛹均能羽化,其中3龄幼虫经处理后所得的成虫体重和体长与对照组差异不显著,而5龄幼虫经处理后所得的成虫体重和体长均显著低于对照组,但羽化率和产卵量并不显著低于对照组.     

Degradation of Cry1Ab Protein Within Transgenic Bt Maize Tissue by Composite Microbial System of MC1

Environmental safety issues involved in transgenic plants have become the concern of researchers, practitioners and policy makers in recent years. Potential differences between Bt maize（ND1324 and ND2353 expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab protein） and near-isogenic non-Bt varieties（ND1392 and ND223） in their influence on the composite microbial system of MC1 during the fermentation process were studied during 2011-2012. Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues didn＇t affect characteristics of lignocellulose degradation by MC1, pH of fermentation broth decreasing at initial stage and increasing at later stage of degradation. The quality of various volatile products in fermentation broth showed that no signifi cant difference of residues fermentation existed between Bt maize and non-Bt maize. During the fermentation MC1 efficiently degraded maize residues by 83%-88%, and cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content decreased by 70%-72%, 72%-75% and 30%-37%, respectively. Besides that, no consistent difference was found between Bt and non-Bt maize residues lignocellulose degradation by MC1 during the fermentation process. MC1 degraded 88%-89% Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues, and in the fermentation broth of MC1 and bacteria of MC1 Cry1Ab protein was not detected. DGGE profi le analyses revealed that the microbial community drastically changed during 1-3 days and became stable until the 9th day. Though the dominant strains at different fermentation stages had signifi cantly changed, no difference on the dominant strains was observed between Bt and non-Bt maize at different stages. Our study indicated that Cry1Ab protein did not infl uence the growth characteristic of MC1.     

转Bt基因玉米对亚洲玉米螟的抗性研究

以普通玉米杂交组合N3030为对照,通过田间调查、盆栽接虫试验、室内饲养和组织切片,系统研究了转B t基因玉米杂交组合N3030B t对亚洲玉米螟的抗性表现.结果表明,转B t基因玉米N3030B t上的虫孔率、百株幼虫数、百株隧道数和百株隧道长均极显著低于对照;1-3龄幼虫取食转B t基因玉米后1-2 d死亡,死亡率达90%以上;4龄以后死亡率为0,但其生长发育均受到一定的抑制;组织切片观察表明,亚洲玉米螟幼虫取食转B t基因玉米后,中肠肠壁细胞端部的微绒毛出现不同程度的溶解,大部分肠壁细胞排列松弛,细胞体缩短,细胞层变薄.该结果表明转B t基因玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫具有稳定的杀虫作用.     

Expression profiles of Cry1Ab protein and its insecticidal efficacy against the invasive fall armyworm for Chinese domestic GM maize DBN9936

The fall armyworm(FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, which originated in the Americas, is advancing across China and threatening the nation's maize crops. Currently, one widely used tool for its control is genetically modified(GM) Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) maize. Sufficient content of Bt protein in appropriate plant parts is crucial for enhancing resistance against insect pests. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation of Cry1 Ab levels in Chinese domestic GM maize DBN9936, which has recently obtained a biosafety certificate, and evaluated its efficacy against FAW. Quantification of expression levels of Cry1 Ab, via ELISA, indicated a spatio-temporal dynamic, with significant variation of mean Cry1 Ab, ranging from 0.76 to 8.48 μg g–1 FW with the Cry1 Ab protein level ranked as: V6–V8 leafR1 leafR4 leafR1 silkVT tasselR4 kernel. Among the nine locations, the Cry1 Ab levels in DBN9936 of the Xinxiang, Langfang, and Harbin fields were significantly lower than those from Wuhan and Shenyang, and were slightly, but not significantly lower than those from the other four fields. Furthermore, the artificial diet–Cry1 Ab mixture and plant tissue feeding bioassays revealed that DBN9936 has high efficacy against FAW. The insecticidal efficacy of different tissues against FAW larvae reached 34–100% with a descending order of lethality as follows: VT leafR4 leafR1 huskR1 silkVT tasselR4 kernel. Taken together, our results showed that Bt-Cry1 Ab maize DBN9936 has potential as a promising strategy to manage FAW.     

基于三级营养传递Cry1Ac蛋白对普通草蛉酶活力及生长发育的影响

【目的】研究Cry1Ac蛋白通过棉花、棉蚜的传递对普通草蛉酶活性及生长发育的影响,为转Bt基因棉花的安全性评价提供参考和依据。【方法】采用ELISA方法,检测Bt棉、取食Bt棉的棉蚜和捕食棉蚜普通草蛉体内Bt杀虫蛋白含量;通过酶活力测定普通草蛉幼虫取食Bt棉花上棉蚜后其体内的类胰蛋白酶、类胰凝乳蛋白酶和氨肽酶的酶活性;室内生物测定普通草蛉取食Bt棉花上的棉蚜后对其生长发育的影响。【结果】Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白在棉叶中的表达量为788.76 ng/g,远高于棉蚜体内的2.35 ng/g,取食Bt棉花上棉蚜的普通草蛉3龄幼虫体内并未检测到Bt杀虫蛋白;通过三级营养传递的Cry1Ac蛋白对普通草蛉酶活力影响甚微。【结论】棉蚜取食Bt棉花后体内仅能累计微量Cry1Ac蛋白;普通草蛉取食Bt棉花上的棉蚜后,对其体内三种酶活性和生长发育均没有负面影响。     

Selection,effective dominance,and completeness of Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 dual-protein resistance in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

In the U.S., Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) is a major pest targeted by both transgenic maize and cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins. Resistance of insect to Bt maize and cotton containing cry1A and cry2A genes has widely occurred in the U.S. In this study, two trials were performed to investigate larval survival and development of a Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 dual-protein resistant (VT2P-RR), a susceptible, and an F₁ heterozygous (VT2P-RS) populations of H. zea on ears of nine Bt and three non-Bt maize hybrids. The Bt maize hybrids evaluated represent five common pyramided traits expressing two or three of the Cry1A.105, Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry2Ab2, and Vip3Aa20 proteins. In the laboratory, neonates of the three H. zea populations were inoculated on silks of ears collected from maize at R1–R2 plant stages; and larval survivorship was checked 10 d after neonate release. All three insect populations survived normally on non-Bt maize ears. Varied numbers of VT2P-RR and VT2P-RS survived on ears of Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 maize, while all larvae of the three populations died or could not develop on ears of Vip3Aa20-expressing maize. The results demonstrated that the dual-protein resistant H. zea was not cross-resistant to Vip3Aa20-expressing maize, and thus traits with vip3Aa20 gene should be effective to manage Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2-resistant H. zea. The resistance in VT2P-RR was determined to be incomplete on Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 maize. The effective dominance levels varied greatly, from recessive to incompletely dominant, depending on maize hybrids and trials, suggesting that proper selection of maize hybrids could be important for mitigating the Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 resistance. The data generated should aid in modeling multiple-protein Bt resistance in H. zea.     

3种粘虫幼虫对4种寄主植物的取食选择

[目的]探讨3种粘虫各龄幼虫对4种寄主植物的取食选择行为,为粘虫的预测预报及防治提供理论依据.[方法]采用叶碟改进法分别测试3种粘虫(东方粘虫、劳氏粘虫和淡脉粘虫)在4种寄主植物(玉米、水稻、甘蔗和稗草)上的取食选择性,分别于接虫后6和24 h记录幼虫对各植物的选择数量.[结果]3种粘虫各龄幼虫在接虫后6和24 h时对4种寄主植物的取食选择率均有变化.在24 h时,东方粘虫各龄幼虫对玉米的选择率均显著高于其他3种寄主植物(P<0.05,下同),其中1龄和2龄幼虫对玉米的选择率分别高达82%和89%;劳氏粘虫1~6龄幼虫偏好取食玉米,其中1龄、2龄和3龄幼虫对玉米的选择率均超过50%,分别为78%、70%和55%,显著高于对其他3种寄主植物的选择率;淡脉粘虫1~6龄幼虫均偏好取食水稻,其中2~4龄幼虫对玉米和水稻的选择率差异不显著(P>0.05).[结论]3种粘虫各龄幼虫对4种寄主植物的取食选择存在差异,3种粘虫对玉米和水稻的取食选择性强,对甘蔗和稗草的取食选择性较弱;东方粘虫和劳氏粘虫低龄幼虫喜食玉米,淡脉粘虫低龄幼虫嗜食水稻和玉米,高龄幼虫的取食选择性不如低龄幼虫明显.     

新疆棉花转基因棉花抗虫性的综合评价

以我国研制的转基因棉(Bt）品系MD-80为材料，系统研究了对棉铃虫的控制作用。结果表明，转基因棉对棉铃虫初孵幼虫具有较强的杀虫活性，棉铃虫5龄幼虫连续取食转基因棉叶片和棉蕾化蛹率与羽化率下降，棉铃虫成虫取食转基因棉花蜜产卵量和卵孵化率降低，棉铃虫3龄幼虫在转基因棉株上的活动发生明显变化。     

Two-way predation between immature stages of the hoverfly Eupeodes corollae and the invasive fall armyworm(Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith)

Since its 2018 invasion of eastern Asia, the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has become a key pest in local maize production. Though pesticides have been widely used to mitigate the initial S. frugiperda attack, biological control is receiving ample attention as a desirable, environmentally-sound alternative to chemical control. Hoverflies(Diptera: Syrphidae) are abundant natural enemies in Chinese maize fields and have been observed to consume S. frugiperda larvae. In this study, we use laboratory assays to study the two-way interaction between immature stages of S. frugiperda and the endemic syrphid Eupeodes corollae. To mimic natural conditions, assays were performed in the presence of fresh maize leaves. Those 2 nd or 3 rd instar larvae of E. corollae preyed on 1 st and 2 nd instar S. frugiperda larvae with a Holling type III response, consuming a respective theoretical maximum of 43.48 and 83.33 larvae over a 24-h period. Conversely, once S. frugiperda larvae reached 3 rd instar, they exhibited aggressive behavior and equally preyed on syrphid larvae with a Holling type III response. Those 5 th and 6 th instar larvae of S. frugiperda consumed a respective 16.39–19.23, 6.02–19.61 and 6.76–8.26 of 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd instar E. corollae larvae per day. Though our results await field-level validation, S. frugiperda agonistic(i.e., defensive) and consumptive behavior towards resident natural enemies such as E. corollae possibly degrades biotic resistance and raises its invasion potential. Our findings shine new light on the interaction between lepidopteran herbivores and their natural enemies, and can help advance the development of conservation biological control and other integrated pest management(IPM) strategies against S. frugiperda in China and abroad.     

Cry1Ac抗、感棉铃虫碱性磷酸酯酶（ALP1）的表达量比较

【目的】通过比较Cry1Ac抗、感棉铃虫昆虫中肠碱性磷酸酶（ALP1）表达量的差异及抗性棉铃虫取食Cry1Ac蛋白对ALP1表达量的影响,分析ALP1表达量变化与抗性的关系,为进一步明确Bt抗性机制、制定抗性治理策略提供理论依据。【方法】利用实时荧光定量PCR技术,比较敏感棉铃虫、Cry1Ac抗性棉铃虫取食含Cry1Ac蛋白的饲料和正常饲料后ALP1表达量的差异。【结果】ALP1在棉铃虫整个发育期都表达,幼虫的表达量最高,蛹期表达量最低,在成虫体内也有较高的表达;ALP1在幼虫中肠表达量最高,其次是后肠、前肠、马氏管,表皮中的表达量最低;与敏感品系相比,对Cry1Ac具有中等水平抗性的棉铃虫ALP1表达量明显增加,尤其是取食含Cry1Ac蛋白饲料的抗性棉铃虫幼虫的ALP1的表达量显著升高,但抗性棉铃虫取食正常饲料后,2、3龄幼虫的ALP1的表达量与敏感棉铃虫差异不显著;所有的抗性品系4龄棉铃虫幼虫中肠ALP1的表达量都显著高于敏感品系,而且随着棉铃虫抗性倍数的升高,ALP1的表达量呈逐渐降低的趋势。【结论】抗性棉铃虫中肠ALP1表达量的改变可能与Cry1Ac抗性、Cry1Ac代谢有一定的关系。     

No detrimental effect of Bt maize pollen containing Cry1Ab/2Aj or Cry1Ac on adult green lacewings Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder

Adult Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder is a common pollen feeder in maize fields. They are thus directly exposed to insecticidal proteins by consumption of genetically engineered maize pollen containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins. Here we assessed the potential effects of Cry1Ab/2Aj- or Cry1Ac-containing Bt maize pollen on the fitness of adult C. sinica via a dietary-exposure assay under laboratory conditions. Survival, pre-oviposition, fecundity and adult dry weight did not differ between adult C. sinica consuming Bt or the corresponding non-Bt maize pollen. The stability of the Cry protein in the food sources and uptake of the Cry protein by adult C. sinica during the feeding experiment were confirmed by ELISA. These results demonstrate that adult C. sinica are not affected by the consumption of Cry1Ab/2Aj- or Cry1Ac-containing maize pollen, suggesting that production of Bt maize expressing cry1Ab/2Aj or cry1Ac genes will pose a negligible risk to adult C. sinica.     

Field Evaluation of the Asian Corn Borer Control in Hybrid of Transgenic Maize Event MON 810

In this study,a transgenic Bt maize hybrid(event MON 810 from Monsanto Company)expressing Cry1Ab protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)and its negative isoline hybrid were evaluatrial. Maize plants were artificially infested with neonate larvae of Asian corn borer at the mid-whorl(firstgeneration),pre-tassel(first-and/or second-generation),and silk(second-generation)growth stages.The transgenic Bt maize hybrid sustained significantly less leaf feeding damage(rating 1.0±0.0)than its negative isoline control(rating 7.3±0.1).With the Bt maize,1.3-6.8%of plants were damaged by corn borer tunneling with＜0.5 cm tunneling per stalk under different levels of infestation,compared with 100%of plants damaged with 9.3-25.0 cm tunneling per stalk for the negative isoline control. On average,transgenic Bt maize hybrids had only 0.01-0.05 tunnels per stalk and no stems were broken.In contrast,the negative isoline control had 3.11-8.36 tunnels per stalk and 31.2-73.9% of stems broken.Yields were significantly higher in trahsgenic Bt maize than in the control. These results demonstrate that transgenic Bt maize can significantly minimize yield losses caused by the Asian corn borer through resistance to the first-and second-generation larvae.     

不同Bt蛋白对捕食性天敌大草蛉的生态安全性评价

【目的】明确转基因棉花中表达Cry1Ac、Cry1F和Cry2Ab蛋白对我国Bt棉田中主要捕食性天敌大草蛉（Chrysopa pallens）的潜在影响。【方法】通过在大草蛉人工饲料中添加高剂量Bt蛋白的方法,评价Cry1Ac、Cry1F和Cry2Ab蛋白对大草蛉重要生命表参数（4龄幼虫体重、幼虫发育历期、化蛹率、蛹重、蛹发育历期、羽化率、成虫体重和产卵量）的影响,以不添加杀虫物质的大草蛉纯人工饲料作为阴性对照,以添加PA（砷酸二氢钾,KH₂AsO₄）的大草蛉人工饲料作为阳性对照;同时,利用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（DAS-ELISA）测定取食Bt蛋白处理饲料后,大草蛉幼虫、蛹以及成虫体内的Bt蛋白浓度;利用ELISA法和敏感昆虫生物测定法,检测新鲜饲料和在试验环境条件下暴露2 d的处理饲料中Bt蛋白的稳定性和生物活性;此外,利用酶活性测定的方法,比较取食空白对照饲料、Bt蛋白处理饲料或PA处理饲料后大草蛉体内主要消化酶（总蛋白酶、类胰蛋白酶、类凝乳蛋白酶和氨肽酶）、解毒酶（α-乙酸萘酯酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶）和保护酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶）的活性。【结果】生命表评价结果表明,在大草蛉人工饲料中添加高浓度单独Bt蛋白或Bt蛋白混合物,对大草蛉4龄幼虫体重、幼虫发育历期、化蛹率、蛹重、蛹发育历期、羽化率、成虫体重和产卵量无显著性不利影响,但饲料中添加PA却能够使大草蛉幼虫和蛹发育历期极显著延长,4龄幼虫体重、化蛹率、蛹重、羽化率、成虫体重和产卵量极显著降低;大草蛉体内Bt蛋白浓度测定结果显示,大草蛉取食Bt蛋白处理饲料后,其幼虫、蛹及成虫体内均含有一定量的Bt蛋白;ELISA和敏感昆虫生物测定结果表明,新鲜准备和在试验环境条件下暴露2 d的Bt蛋白处理饲料,均含有高剂量且具有生物活性的Bt蛋白,因此,大草蛉在整个生物测定过程中接触到的均为高浓度的、具有生物活性的Bt蛋白;此外,取食Bt蛋白处理饲料,对大草蛉幼虫和成虫体内主要消化酶、解毒酶和保护酶活性无显著性影响,但取食PA处理饲料能使大草蛉幼虫和成虫体内氨肽酶活性极显著降低,其他所测消化酶、解毒酶和保护酶活性显著升高。【结论】大草蛉对3种供试Bt蛋白（Cry1Ac、Cry1F和Cry2Ab）不敏感,取食这3种Bt蛋白对大草蛉生长发育及其体内主要消化酶、解毒酶和保护酶活性没有显著不良影响,本研究所建立的生物评价体系还可用于评价其他新型转基因抗虫植物中表达杀虫蛋白对大草蛉的生态安全性。     

转Bt基因玉米对亚洲玉米螟的抗性评价

转Bt基因抗虫玉米为诺华公司含Bt11转化系的杂交种NX4777,能全株表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白,以其非转基因受体玉米品种NX4906为对照。在玉米生长至心叶中期(50~60cm高)、抽雄前期和抽丝散粉期分别进行人工接亚洲玉米螟[Ostriniafurnacalis(Guenée)]初孵幼虫40~60头。以食叶级别、存活幼虫数、蛀孔数、隧道长度和雌穗被害级别等,分别作为评价玉米心叶期和穗期的抗性标准。结果表明,Bt玉米食叶级别仅为1级,显著低于对照的7级。Bt玉米平均每株存活幼虫0.04~0.20头、蛀孔0.11~0.15个、隧道长度0.13~0.41cm,雌穗被害级别为0,植株折茎率为0,而对照玉米平均每株存活幼虫6.19~12.41头、蛀孔4.48~7.05个、隧道长度12.41~24.09cm,雌穗被害级别为5.9,植株折茎率高达73.6%~95.5%。室内生测结果亦表明,取食Bt玉米心叶、雄穗的初孵幼虫3d全部死亡,取食花丝7d死亡率达到99%,相比之下取食常规玉米的存活率在88.7%以上。表明表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的Bt对亚洲玉米螟具有很高的抗虫性,能够保护玉米全生育期免受玉米螟的危害。     

Thrips-mediated impacts from transgenic rice expressing Cry1Ab on ecological fitness of non-target predator Orius tantilus(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)

Various rice lines have been genetically modified with genes from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) to continuously produce Bt insecticidal proteins against lepidopteran larvae. The Bt insecticidal protein constantly expresses in the plants to create an opportunity for non-target herbivores to acquire and convey the protein to their predators or parasitoids across trophic levels. This paper evaluates the effects of Bt rice(namely, Kemindao 1(KMD1) and Kemindao 2(KMD2)) expressing Cry1 Ab as compared to its non-Bt control line, Xiushui 11 on non-target predator Orius tantilus(a generalist predatory anthocorid of thrips) under laboratory and field conditions. To measure several biological parameters such as total nymphal duration and fecundity of this bug, it was reared on thrips and pollens of KMD1 and KMD2 as compared to their control under laboratory conditions. By comparison with the control, Bt rice did not significantly affect main life-history characteristics(total nymphal duration, female adult longevity, oviposition period and fecundity) of this anthocorid preying on Bt rice-fed thrips along with Bt rice pollens, except that the fecundity of this predator for KMD1 was distinctly lower as compared with KMD2 or the control. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) results showed that no Cry1 Ab protein was detected in this predator fed on thrips or rice pollen from Bt rice but was in Bt rice pollens. With the beat plate, plastic bag and color trap sampling methods, two-year field monitoring of O. tantilus abundance demonstrated that Bt rice had no significant detrimental effects on the population dynamics and seasonal average densities of this predatory anthocorid as compared with the control. Thus, it is suggested that growing our tested Bt rice(KMD1 and KMD2) producing Cry1 Ab will pose a negligible risk to the anthocorid, O. tantilus.     

表达CpTI或CpTI+Bt基因水稻对二化螟的杀虫活性

明恢86是目前我国应用最为广泛的优良籼稻恢复系,明恢86CpTI和明恢86CpTI+Bt分别为表达豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI)基因(单基因)和CpTI+Bt蛋白基因(双基因)的明恢86.以明恢86为对照,系统测定了明恢86CpTI和明恢86CpTI+Bt对二化螟的杀虫活性.结果表明,明恢86CpTI和明恢86CpTI+Bt对二化螟都表现出很强的杀虫活性.取食分孽期明恢86CpTI和明恢86CpTI+Bt7d后,二化螟1龄幼虫的校正死亡率高达88.6%和92.1%,对二化螟均表现高抗.该转基因水稻还对存活二化螟幼虫的生长发育产生了明显的影响,取食明恢86、明恢86CpTI和明恢86CpTI+Bt后存活的二化螟幼虫历期分别为(36±1.9)、(47±2.9)和(46±2.0)d,饲喂该转基因水稻后二化螟的幼虫历期明显延长.此外,二化螟老熟幼虫取食该转基因水稻后,鲜重平均减少了8-11mg,蛹重明显减轻,繁殖能力明显下降.     

转Bt基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫磷酸酯酶活性的影响

研究了转Bt基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫磷酸酯酶活性的影响,结果表明:取食Bt玉米后亚洲玉米螟幼虫体内的酸性磷酸酯酶活性在72 h后显著降低,碱性磷酸酯酶的活性则在24 h后就受到抑制,72 h时酶活与对照组的比值仅为0.3.随着取食时间增长,酶活力减弱,幼虫的体重也显著低于对照,两者存在一定相关性.     

两种转Bt基因棉杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac表达量的检测

用EnvirologixCry1Ab/Cry1Ac平板试剂盒检测了两种转Cry1Ac基因的棉花品系 (NUCOTN33B、NUCOTN99B) 以及常规对照品系 (苏棉 12) 不同生育期主茎嫩叶、侧枝嫩叶、蕾及蕾的苞叶中杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量。结果表明, 两种转Bt基因棉主茎嫩叶杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量随生育期的推移呈明显下降趋势, 花铃期 (NUCOTN33B和NUCOTN99B分别为 4 43和 2 93μg·g-1 ) 和吐絮期 (3 87和 2 86μg·g-1 ) 的含量分别降至苗期第 6叶 (7 64和 8 38μg·g-1 )的 58%、35%和 51%、34%; 相同时期的主茎嫩叶和侧枝嫩叶中Cry1Ac的含量均显著高于蕾及蕾的苞叶, 前两者均为后两者的两倍以上。     

几类药剂对大螟的室内毒力测定及田间防效评价

针对近年大螟种群显著上升、而主治药剂不明确的实际需要,在室内测定了不同类型化学药剂对大螟的卵和3龄幼虫触杀毒性以及对初孵幼虫的胃毒作用;在此基础上,对毒力高的两种药剂进行了田间防治试验。结果表明:室内测定的13种杀虫剂中,阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)和康宽对3种虫态的杀虫活性均较高;田间试验表明,5%甲维盐水分散粒剂11.25 g.hm-2防治效果最佳,杀虫效果达95.54%,保穗效果为97.37%,20%康宽悬浮剂30 g.hm-2杀虫效果为89.61%,保穗效果为95.33%,均显著优于对照药剂40%毒死蜱乳油48 g.hm-2或92.1%杀虫单1 200 g.hm-2的相应防效。     

转双价双Bt基因(Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab)抗虫棉栽培地生存竞争能力研究

为建立国家转双价双Bt抗虫基因棉环境安全评价技术,对转双价双Bt基因(Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab)抗虫棉栽培地生存竞争能力进行研究,结果表明,转双价双Bt基因棉花与对照赣棉11相比,各生育期株高生长具有显著竞争优势,优势值3.48～4.75 cm;吐絮期棉覆盖度竞争优势超对照46.77个百分点,达显著水平;产量竞争力优势籽棉超对照1 013.85 kg/hm2,皮棉超对照433.20 kg/hm2,均未达到显著水平;发芽率竞争优势极显著,超过对照2.75个百分点。与非转基因常规棉相比,转双价双Bt抗虫基因棉生存竞争能力优势显著。