海洋生物源抗氧化活性肽的制备和构效关系

海洋生物因其生存环境不同而蕴藏着许多结构独特、功能各异的活性物质。海洋生物活性肽具有多种生物学功能,如抗氧化、抗炎症、抗癌、抗高血压、抗菌等。该研究对海洋生物活性肽抗氧化性的构效关系、检测方法等研究现状进行综述,并且对其应用和研究前景进行展望。     

动物源性生物活性肽在皮肤创伤愈合中的作用研究进展

近年来,生物活性肽在皮肤创伤愈合中的积极作用备受关注。文章综述了动物源性的生物活性肽在皮肤创伤愈合中的作用,重点阐述了鹿茸和林蛙皮多肽的提取及鉴定、对皮肤创伤愈合的作用机理以及临床应用形式;并阐述了猪皮、海洋贝类、海洋鱼类以及蚯蚓等动物源性的多肽对皮肤创伤愈合的研究进展,以期为动物源性生物活性肽应用于皮肤创伤愈合提供研究思路。     

海洋来源生物活性肽的抗肿瘤作用研究进展

概述存在于海绵、海鞘、海藻等海洋低等生物和海洋鱼贝类中的生物活性肽,以及这些活性肽的抗肿瘤作用研究进展。     

不同来源生物活性肽的研究进展

生物活性肽广泛存在于生物体内,是调控生物体体内代谢的重要物质。随着对生物活性肽的各种代谢机制和功能认识的逐步深入,更多的生物活性肽被开发并加以利用。研究表明,生物活性肽的诸多功能都与其来源密切相关。文中从活性肽的3个不同来源及其不同的生物学功能等方面对其研究进展进行了综述。     

乳蛋白活性肽研究进展

乳蛋白是一种富含生物活性肽的蛋白资源,许多生物活性肽存在于乳蛋白序列中,在胃肠道消化水解或食物加工过程中释放出来,从而发挥其生物学作用.文章就几种乳蛋白源性的具有重要应用价值的生物活性肽的研究现状作了简要概述.     

制备活性肽的主要方法研究

生物活性肽是一类多功能因子,它们涉及了一系列身体代谢和生理调节功能.我国有大量丰富的蛋白质资源,但资源利用率不高,加工过程产生的大量下脚料及废弃物通常被当作肥料或直接排放掉,不仅造成了资源浪费,也造成了环境污染.怎样科学地选用原料蛋白、酶类及分离精制方法,进一步提高生物活性肽的产品得率是决定能否将之推向产业化的重要因素,上述问题的深入探讨和合理解决鲻也将使生物活性肽的研究开发具有更广阔的前景.     

我国生物活性肽研究文献的定量分析

以2001～2010年的《中国期刊全文数据库》作为数据来源,运用文献计量学方法对有关生物活性肽研究的年度载文量、核心作者群、合作度、主要产出单位及区域、期刊分布等进行统计分析,为我国生物活性肽研究及信息交流提供参考依据。     

植物蛋白源活性肽研究进展

源于食物蛋白的活性肽有些是天然存在的，有些是蛋白酶解的产物，即这些肽在原形食物蛋白质中没有活性，但是经过酶消化后被释放出来，从而发挥一系列生物学功能。食物蛋白源生物活性肽不仅具有营养功能．而且具有抗疲劳、降血压、降胆固醇、影响激素、结合矿物质、促进脂肪代谢、促进微生物发酵、抗菌和免疫调节等特性。我国一直有利用植物蛋白的传统，对植物源生物活性肽的开发及应用已成为研究热点，文章就近年来有关植物蛋白源活性肽研究的进展作一综述。     

海葵毒素的药理活性研究进展

海葵是一种海洋中比较原始的动物,属于腔肠科,广泛分布于我国沿海海域.近年来,研究发现多种具有生物学活性的物质富含于海葵中,所以它成为海洋药物的研究焦点之一.对海葵神经毒素、溶细胞毒素、抗肿瘤毒素等物质的药理学生物活性进行了综述.     

菲律宾蛤仔提取物及生物活性的研究进展

菲律宾蛤仔是我国四大养殖贝类之一,营养丰富,蛋白含量高,具有食用和药用价值.从菲律宾蛤仔中提取的氨基多糖、糖胺聚糖、糖蛋白、活性多肽等物质,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降血脂、增强免疫力及抗动脉粥样硬化等作用,本文综述这些生物活性成分的研究现状,为海洋功能食品和海洋药物的研发提供参考.     

Molecular characteristics and structure–activity relationships of food-derived bioactive peptides

Peptides are functional active fragments of proteins which can provide nutrients needed for human growth and development, and they also have unique physiological activity characteristics relative to proteins. Bioactive peptides contain a great deal of development potential. More specifically, food-derived bioactive peptides have the advantages of a wide variety of sources, unique structures, high efficiency and safety, so they have broad development prospects. This review provides an overview of the current advances regarding the preparation, functional characteristics, and structure–activity relationships of food-derived bioactive peptides. Moreover, the prospects for the future development and application of food-derived bioactive peptides are discussed. This review may provide a better understanding of foodderived bioactive peptides, and some constructive inspirations for further research and applications in the food industry.     

海洋微生物活性物质的研究进展

对海洋放线菌、海洋细菌、海洋真菌及海洋微藻产生的生物活性物质进行综述。     

海洋微生物活性产物及研究方法

海洋多变复杂的环境导致了海洋微生物的多样性。近年来,在对海洋微生物的研究中发现了许多独特的生物活性物质。通过对这些生物活性物质的提取、药理研究,为新药的开发和各种疑难疾病的治愈提供了新的希望。就海洋微生物活性物质的几种重要生物活性,如抗肿瘤、抗菌、酶及酶抑制剂活性分别进行概述,同时概括了海洋微生物活性物质的研究方法以及存在的问题。     

蛋清源生物活性肽功能及其构效关系研究进展

禽蛋为人类提供了丰富的营养物质，如蛋白质、脂质和维生素等。蛋清蛋白不仅具有许多功能性质，通过酶法制备获得的蛋清肽还具有丰富的生物活性。然而，通过水解得到的蛋清源生物活性肽往往具有多种生物活性，且产量较低、结构差异较大，难以获得普适的活性-结构关系结论。本文以鸭蛋蛋清蛋白和鸡蛋蛋清蛋白为对象，综述了蛋清肽的主要生物学功能如降血压、抗氧化、促进矿物质吸收、降血糖、调节肠道健康等，探讨了其结构-活性关系，并对蛋清源生物活性肽的后续深入研究进行了展望，以期为蛋清蛋白的高值化利用提供参考。     

4种合成活性肽对小鼠生长性能和免疫机能的影响

本试验选用4种合成生物活性肽(肽1、肽2、肽3、肽4分别由15、7、9、7个氨基酸构成,采用固相合成柱手工合成的直链肽)对小鼠进行灌喂饲养试验,旨在探讨其对小鼠的生长性能、免疫机能和器官发育的影响.选取清洁级健康小鼠90只,随机分为9组,每组10只,试验组分别连续灌喂10 μg/kg体重和50 μg/kg体重剂量的4种活性肽,空白对照组灌喂等量蒸馏水.试验期32 d.结果表明:(1)灌喂活性肽15 d和32 d,小鼠体重、平均日耗料量各试验组之间及与对照组间差异均不显著(P>0.05).(2)小鼠灌喂活性肽15 d,50 μg/kg体重肽3能显著提高小鼠血清IgG和IFN-γ含量(P<0.05).(3)小鼠灌喂活性肽15 d,50 μg/kg体重肽1组小鼠肝脏系数显著高于10 μg/kg体重肽1组(P<0.05),其余各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);心脏、脾脏和肾脏系数各组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05).小鼠灌喂活性肽32 d时,50 μg/kg体重活性肽2、肽3、肽4对小鼠心脏、肝脏和肾脏系数有显著提高作用.综上可见,4种人工合成生物活性肽对小鼠生长性能未见明显影响,对免疫机能和脏器系数有一定的促进作用.     

花生活性肽的分子量分布及抗氧化活性研究

[目的]研究花生活性肽的分子量分布及其与抗氧化活性的关系。[方法]采用截留分子量8.0、3.5、1.0 kD的透析袋对花生蛋白酶水解液进行分级分离,得到不同分子量范围的抗氧化肽,分别测定其清除自由基的能力,并与Tricine-SDS-PAGE技术相结合,考察花生蛋白酶解物的分子量分布。[结果]分子量范围在1.0 kD以下的多肽混合物含量分别为碱性蛋白酶和风味酶的总水解物的76.21%和83.42%,不同分子量范围的水解物均具有一定的清除自由基的能力,且随分子量的减小而增大,分子量范围在1.0 kD以下的组分对碱性蛋白酶和风味酶中的自由基的清除能力最强,分别为(87.41±0.66)%和(67.88±0.48)%。[结论]花生活性肽的抗氧化能力较强,尤其是分子量1.0 kD以下的短肽,具有较好的开发应用前景。     

Prokaryotic Expression of Gly-GIn Dipeptide and Its Bioactive Analysis： A Novel Method for Short Peptide Production

Small bioactive peptides, with diverse biological functions, have received increasing attention as physiologically beneficial substances in animal production. The main obstacle to wide application of small bioactive peptides is a lack of costeffective methods for mass production. In this study, we mass-production method for small bioactive peptides. used glycyl-glutamine （Gly-Gln） as a test case to develop a novel The oligonucleotide encoding Gly-Gln pro-peptide （Gpp） was designed and synthesized. Gpp includes 3 Gly-Gln dipeptides and 2 enzymatic sites for pepsin and trypase, allowing direct digestion and absorption of Gly-Gln in the gastrointestinal tract. The Gpp oligonucleotides were linked to generate an oligomeric oligonucleotide segment containing 12 tandem copies of Gpp. This 12Gpp segment was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli vector pET32a. By optimizing culture conditions [0.1 mmol L^-1 isopropyl-β-D- thiogalactopyranoside （IPTG）, 50 μg mL^-1 ampicillin （Amp）, 30℃ for 12 h], the thioredoxin fusion peptides reached 40% of total bacterial protein. After purification, the fusion protein was fed to Kunming mice to determine its effect on mouse immune function. The results showed that similar to Gly-Gln dipeptide, Gpp polymer protein could significantly suppress the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes in blood and spleen, and additionally could significantly improve interleukin-2 （IL-2） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） secretion of blood and spleen lymphocytes. These effects were not observed in mice fed a 2 amino acids mix （glycine and glutamine）. These evidences indicated that an efficient digestion of Gpp polymer protein could be achieved when ingested into the animal gut. The expression system in this study provides a potential production method for not only Gly-Gln dipeptide but also other short bioactive peptides.     

Prokaryotic Expression of Gly-Gln Dipeptide and Its Bioactive Analysis: A Novel Method for Short Peptide Production

Small bioactive peptides, with diverse biological functions, have received increasing attention as physiologically beneficial substances in animal production. The main obstacle to wide application of small bioactive peptides is a lack of cost-effective methods for mass production. In this study, we used glycyl-glutamine (Gly-Gln) as a test case to develop a novel mass-production method for small bioactive peptides. The oligonucleotide encoding Gly-Gln pro-peptide (Gpp) was designed and synthesized. Gpp includes 3 Gly-Gln dipeptides and 2 enzymatic sites for pepsin and trypase, allowing direct digestion and absorption of Gly-Gln in the gastrointestinal tract. The Gpp oligonucleotides were linked to generate an oligomeric oligonucleotide segment containing 12 tandem copies of Gpp. This 12Gpp segment was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli vector pET32a. By optimizing culture conditions [0.1 mmol L-1 isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), 50 lag mL-1 ampicillin (Amp), 30℃ for 12 h], the thioredoxin fusion peptides reached 40% of total bacterial protein. After purification, the fusion protein was fed to Kunming mice to determine its effect on mouse immune function. The results showed that similar to Gly-Gln dipeptide, Gpp polymer protein could significantly suppress the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes in blood and spleen, and additionally could significantly improve interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion of blood and spleen lymphocytes. These effects were not observed in mice fed a 2 amino acids mix (glycine and glutamine). These evidences indicated that an efficient digestion of Gpp polymer protein could be achieved when ingested into the animal gut. The expression system in this study provides a potential production method for not only Gly-Gln dipeptide but also other short bioactive peptides.