Genetic Diversity in Main Cultivars of Safflower in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Based on RAPD Analysis

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.     

新疆红花主要栽培品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.     

Genetic Diversity in Wild Populations of Poacynum hendersonii from Inland Arid Regions of Northwest China

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei's gene diversity index(H),Shannon's information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

中国西北内陆干旱区大叶白麻野生居群遗传多样性研究(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei’s gene diversity index(H),Shannon’s information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

中国西北内陆干旱区大叶白麻野生居群遗传多样性研究(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei's gene diversity index(H),Shannon's information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

ISSR Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Local Varieties of Chinese Hu mulberry（Morus L.）

[Objective] The aim was to study on the genetic diversity of local varieties of Chinese Hu mulberry （Morus L.）. [Method] The genetic diversity of 141 copies of Hu mulberry varieties was analyzed by ISSR molecular markers. [Result] 12 ISSR primers had amplified a total of 90 amplified,of which 57 bands were polymorphic,and the polymorphic rate was 63.33%. The genetic similarity coefficients of 141 Hu mulberry germplasm resources varied from 0.633 3 to 1.000 0 with the average of 0.483 35,indicating that there was difference on genetic diversity among different varieties of Hu mulberries. A dendrogram of all 141 Hu mulberry varieties based on the genetic similarity coefficients using ISSR molecular markers was generated by UPGMA cluster method. Clustering of the 141 Hu mulberry varieties did not correspond with the conventional classification involving differences in style,leaf,branch,fruit and other morphological or agronomical characters. [Conclusion] Four subgroups clearly represented the genetic relationships in the 141 accessions which were benefit for the variety improvement and germplasm resource conservation.     

芨芨草遗传多样性研究（英文）

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversities of A.splendens from different areas of xinjiang.[Method] The genetic diversities among seven populations and within two populations were analyzed by RAPD.[Result] Genetic clustering results presented that the relationships among populations of A.splendens are directly related with geographic positions,and within population are related with habitats.[Conclusion] RAPD technique can be used to study genetic diversity of A.splendens.     

Research of Genetic Diversity in Seven Kobresia by AFLP in Tibetan Plateau

This work analyzed the genetic diversity of Kobresia accessions at the molecular level, and further obtained the necessary information for breeding and germplasm evaluation. Genomic DNA of Kobresia was amplified with four E＋3 and M＋3 primer combinations with AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism）. AFLP analysis produced 164 scorable bands, of which 154 （93.96%） were polymorphic. The mean Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） was 0.2430, and the Shannon＇s information index （I） was 0.4012, indicating the abundant genetic diversity of Kobresia. The 11 Kobresia accessions from Tibetan Plateau, China, can be classified into five groups after cluster analysis based on the UPGMA （unweigbted pair group method arithmetic average） method. In general, there was abundant genetic diversity among Kobresia accessions resources, and the genetic coefficient was unrelated to their geographic latitude. Natural habitats influenced genetic differentiation of Kobresia.     

Genetic Diversity Within a Jackfruit （Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.） Germplasm Collection in China Using AFLP Markers

Jackfruit is cross-pollinated and mostly seed propagated, a wide range of variation exists in fruit quality. With the development of efficient vegetative propagation methods, excellent genotypes selected from these seed propagated seedlings will gradually replace other genotypes in jackfruit producing areas. In this study, genetic diversity of 50 jackfruit accessions from three provinces in China was analyzed based on amplified fragment length polymorphic （AFLP） markers. A total of 320 unambiguous bands were produced by eight primer combinations, and 65 （20.3%） of them were polymorphic. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0 to 0.9841, with an average of 0.5000, indicating a moderate genetic diversity in this collection. The dendrogram derived by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean algorithm （UPGMA） analysis revealed five groups, and no correlation between genetic relationship and geographical origin were found. Accessions of soft and firm flesh type were not clustered into distinct groups, neither could yearly bearing once, or twice fruit accessions. This study has provided useful information for collection and preservation of jackfruit germplasm worldwide.     

新疆红花主要栽培品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析

[目的]利用RAPD技术分析新疆红花栽培品种遗传多样性。[方法]提取29份新疆红花栽培品种的基因组DNA并利用所筛选的20条RAPD引物进行PCR扩增。[结果]共扩增出156条带,其中144条带具有多态性,多态性条带占92.31%,说明新疆的红花具有较丰富的遗传多样性;根据引物扩增出的DNA指纹图谱,运用UPGMA分析法可将29份红花种质聚类划分为4个主要类群,该类群划分结果与红花的生态地域性可能不存相关性。[结论]该方法可用于在分子水平上分析红花品种的遗传多样性。     

用RAPD和ISSR法研究新疆红花主栽品种的遗传多样性

[目的]对29份新疆红花栽培品种的遗传多样性进行检测.[方法]RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术.[结果]20个RAPD引物和18个ISSR引物分别扩增出156和112条带,多态条带比率(PPB)分别为92.31;和93.77;.RAPD和ISSR检测的有效等位基因数分别为1.508 1和1.513 7,基因多样性为0.311 5和0.341 6,Shannon多样性指数为0.473 8和0.479 8.以Nei氏遗传距离矩阵按UPGMA方法聚类分析结果RAPD和ISSR标记的遗传距离分别为0.108 2～2.054 1和0.123 4～2.153 5.[结论]红花不同品种之间具有比较丰富的遗传变异.对比RAPD和ISSR在PCR反应中的稳定性和检测变异的能力表明,对于实验条件的稳定性而言ISSR优于RAPD,且总的来说ISSR能检测到比RAPD更多的遗传变异.Mantel检测表明:这两种标记的分析结果有极显著的相关性r=0.963.     

小麦族旱麦草属植物的RAPD研究初报

以来自我国新疆和中东地区的１１份旱麦草属种质资源为材料，进行了随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ分析。结果表明，旱麦草属植物在选定条件下每个反应可扩增形成４．９条带，每个引物在１１份材料及２个普通小麦对照品种中可扩增出１０．４条不同的谱带。该属植物与普通小麦的比较研究发现，二者之间的遗传进化关系较远，ＲＡＰＤ揭示的遗传相似系烽仅为０．３２５－０．４６１。     

万寿菊属品种资源遗传关系的ISSR分析

【目的】通过ISSR分子标记研究品种资源遗传关系,探讨其种群遗传多样性水平和遗传结构,为了解品种间遗传多样性、品种间亲缘关系、育种及科学合理保存和利用现有万寿菊属种质资源提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】对29份万寿菊材料及2份孔雀草材料利用ISSR分子标记进行遗传关系分析。【结果】用11个引物对31份万寿菊属材料进行PCR扩增,每个引物扩增的ISSR条带数在5—11条,平均每条引物能扩增出6.8条带,多态位点百分率为40%—100%。聚类分析结果表明,ISSR分类结果与传统分类的结果基本一致,31份材料按照万寿菊及孔雀草分为两大类,并且同系列万寿菊品种被划为同一亚组。【结论】利用ISSR标记技术可较准确分析万寿菊属材料间的亲缘关系及遗传多样性。     

利用RAPD分子标记对30份山茶属种质资源进行分类分析

[目的]对30份山茶属种质资源进行分类分析.[方法]利用RAPD分子标记技术研究30份山茶属种质资源的遗传多样性,并进行分类分析.[结果]17个RAPD引物共扩增出138条带,多态性条带为129条,多态性比率为93.5％,材料间的遗传相似系数（GS）变化范围为0.605 ～ 0.855.[结论]利用NTSYS软件对RAPD扩增结果进行聚类分析,可将30份资源分为5大类群,其分类结果与张宏达分类体系基本一致.     

新疆红花品种亲缘关系的SRAP分析（英文）

[目的]采用SRAP分子标记技术对5个新疆红花品种进行分析,探讨品种间的亲缘关系,为红花种质资源的保护和发掘利用提供科学依据。[方法]利用SRAP分子标记方法对新疆5个红花品种和1个云南红花品种的基因组DNA进行分析。[结果]筛选出12对SRAP引物组合,对6份材料共扩增出171条清晰可用条带,其中多态性条带93条,多态性比率54.4%。6份材料的遗传相似系数变化范围在0.60~0.92。[结论]SRAP分子标记技术适合用于红花品种的亲缘关系研究和指导分子育种。     

我国南方野生狗牙根遗传多样性的RAPD分析

对采自我国南方不同地区的25份野生狗牙根〔Cynodon dactylon(L.)Pers.〕进行了RAPD分子标记分析。选用18个引物共扩增出151.0条带,平均每个引物扩增出8.4条带,其中多态性带136.0条,多态带百分率达到90.17%,材料间遗传相似性系数为0.520～0.821。供试材料可聚为4类。聚类分析结果表明:25份狗牙根居群间的亲缘关系与地理分布有一定的相关性。