Effect of the Inclusion of Chestnut in the Finishing Diet on Volatile Compounds of Dry-Cured Ham from Celta Pig Breed

The effect of the inclusion of chestnut in pigs finishing diet on volatile compounds of dry-cured Celta ham was studied.Twelve hams of each type(from three different pigs finishing diets:concentrate(CO),mixed(MI)and chestnut(CH)) were used.Volatiles were extracted using a purge-and-trap method and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS).Thirty-nine volatile compounds were identified in dry-cured Celta ham samples.Most abundant volatiles in ham samples were aldehydes,which represented respectively,53%(CO),51%(MI)and 46%(CH)of the total volatile composition.With the exception of 2-butenal,2-methyl,all aldehydes were affected by feeding system.On the other hand,hydrocarbons n-alkanes were the second major group in the volatile profile of dry-cured Celta hams and represented 28.9,35.7 and 32.4%of the total volatile composition for CO,MI and CH groups,respectively.Ham samples from chestnut group showed a higher content of alcohols and this result could be related with the inclusion of chestnut in the finishing diet of pigs.Principal component analysis showed a good separation among groups.The discriminant analysis selected eight variables(butanoic acid,hexanal,octanal,nonenal(E),decenal(E),tetradecane,decane trimethyl and pyridine 2-methyl) and calculated two discriminating functions to predict if chestnut has been included in the finishing diet.Thus,it was possible to discriminate between groups fed with finishing diets containing chestnuts in their composition(mixed and chestnut group).     

乡镇企业土地集约利用评价

研究乡镇企业土地集约水平对提升乡镇企业用地管理水平具有重要意义.通过构建乡镇企业土地集约利用评价指标体系,采用AHP法确定指标权重,对沙坪坝区乡镇企业1997-2006年的土地集约利用水平进行评价.研究结果表明: 1)沙坪坝区乡镇企业土地利用集约度较低. 1997-2003年处于低度利用状态, 2004-2006年处于适度利用水平,远未达到集约用地的标准; 2)土地投入强度的增长率大于土地集约利用综合指数的增长率; 3)土地集约利用趋势指数呈现波动性变化的特点,集约利用趋势指数的边际最大并没有引起土地集约利用综合指数的大幅.影响乡镇企业土地集约利用水平提高的因素:自然地理条件、地租地价及现行的政策,而乡镇企业从业人员的增加能够提高其土地集约水平.提出了促进乡镇企业集约用地的对策.

Abstract：

Investigation of land use intensity in township enterprises is fundamental to the improvement of land management. In this paper, an evaluation index system for land use intensity in township enterprises is set up and AHP method is used to ensure index weight and evaluates the degree of land use intensity from 1997 to 2006. The degree of land use intensity is relatively low in the rural enterprises of this dis- trict, being very low from 1997 to 2003 and moderately low from 2004 to 2006. The increase in land input intensity is higher than the increase in comprehensive index of intensive land use. Intensive land use index fluctuates greatly, and the maximal margin of land intensive trend index fails to induce a great increase in comprehensive index of intensive land use. The influencing factors include: natural geographical condi- tions, land rental and land-value, and current land policy. On the other hand, the increase in the number of employees of rural enterprises can raise their land use intensity. This paper puts forward some measures for improving land use intensity in rural enterprises.     

XF(X=H,D,T)的高精度理论研究

运用包括非迭代三激发电子相关耦合簇CCSD(T)方法和Dunning等人使用的相关一致aug-CC-PVxZ(x=D,T,Q,5)自洽基组对XF(X=H,D,T)分子进行了结构优化,优化值然后被插值到CBS极限.结果表明随着x的增大aug-CC-PVxZ系列基组优化的结构逼近实验值,计算频率与实验值最大差距不足1%,最小仅为0.099%,平衡间距最大只有0.8%的差距.通过计算还表明:在结构优化和频率分析时CCSD(T)显示出优秀的特性,但在研究与边界态或解离有关的问题时,CCSD(T)不能给出良好的结果,相反CCSD方法却能给出合理的解离极限.最后我们研究了XF(X=H,D,T)的分子势能函数和光谱常数,理论结果与已知实验值吻合的非常好.首次获得了XF(X=H,D,T)系列分子的ω_ey_e,ω_eZ_e,β,γ,H_e,F_e值.

Abstract：

The equilibrium structure and vibrational frequency of FX(X=H,D,T)molecules are calculated at the CCSD(T)level in conjunction with serials of basis sets aug-CC-PVxZ(x=D,T,Q,5),and then the optimized values are extrapolated to CBS limitation.The theoretical results are shown to be in greater agreement with the experiments as x increases.The difference is only 1%between experiments and the Dresent calculation in vibrational frequency and the maximum equilibrium nuclear distance is 0.8%.Calculations indicate that CCSD(T)is the best method in the optimization and frequency analysis but it cannot give a correct limitation in the study of dissociation process whereas CCSD can solve this question and give a reasonable dissociation limitation.The analytic potential energy function of FX(X=H,D,T)is derived by least square fitting to Murrell-Sorbie and Dunham function,and the force constants and molecular constants are obtained.The results in this study are in good agreement with the experiment data.The ω_ey_e,ω_eZ_e,β,γ,H_e,F_e values are obtained for the first time.     

RP-HPLC测定藏药六味能消胶囊中土木香内酯和异土木香内酯的含量

目的:建立六味能消胶囊中土木香内酯和异土木香内酯的高效液相色谱法含量测定方法.方法:色谱柱为Kromasil C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(58∶42);流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长:194 nm.结果:土木香内酯、异土木香内酯均在0.30～1.50μg范围内呈良好的线性关系;r均为0.999 8;平均回收率分别为98.2%(RSD=1.67%,n=5)和97.7%(RSD=1.48%,n=5).结论:该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可作为六味能消胶囊的质量控制方法.

Abstract：

Objective To establish the HPLC method for the determination of alantolactone and isoalantolactone in Liuwei Nengxiao Capsule. Method ODS column (250 mm×4. 6 mm, 5 μm) of Kromasil; the mobile phase containing a mixture of acetonitril -0.05％ phosphoric acid solution (58 : 42); flow rate 1.0 mL·min~(-1); and the wavelength as 194 nm, were utilized for this study. Results Alantolactone and isoalantolactone showed good correlation in the ranges of 0. 30～1.5 μg (r=0. 999 8). The average recovery was 98.2% for alantolactone (RSD=1. 67%, n=5) and 97.7% for isoalantolactone (RSD=1. 48%, n=5). Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and sensitive and can be used to control the quality of Liuwei Nengxiao Capsule in its production.     

对农业科技英语特点的初步探索

<正> 农业科技英语即农业英语,也就是我们日常阅读农业科技资料英语原著所接触到的专业英语。我在从事英语教学过程中,深深地感到农业科技英语与普通英语在许多方面都有所不同。为了说明问题,请看全国农林院校统编教材基础英语第三十九课课文The Roots中的一小段: All roots are alike in that they end in a rather bard pointed portion about a quarter of an inch long called the root cap.It is by means of this     

基于平均值的混合蛙跳算法

针对基本混合蛙跳算法收敛速度慢,容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了基于平均值的混合蛙跳算法.该算法将基本蛙跳算法中子群的平均值,通过2种不同的更新策略分别引用到混合蛙跳算法的局部搜索中,对算法的更新策略进行了适当改进,以期提高混合蛙跳算法的局部搜索能力.结果表明:更新策略1将子群的平均值与局部更新策略相结合,使算法在搜索过程中加快搜索速度,提高了局部搜索能力;更新策略2则通过采用自适应概率随机将子群的平均值取代子群部分最优个体进行策略更新,使算法在局部搜索时提高了寻优能力,有效的避免算法陷入局部最优.通过对5个测试函数进行优化,并同基本混合蛙跳算法和文献中改进的算法进行比较,结果表明:该算法可以有效的避免局部搜索过早收敛,具有较好的优化性能.     

ET-1+138A/-基因多态性与女性舒张压的相关性

目的:探讨重庆市地区人群血管内皮素1基因(Endothelin-1,ET-1)K198N,+138A/-位点基因多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)与原发性高血压(EH)的相关性.方法:采用引物特异性片段长度多态性(PCR-SSP)法,检测95例原发性高血压患者及155例血压正常者ET-1基因的K198N,+138A/-位点多态性.并从中抽取36例高血压患者,40例血压正常者,用放射免疫法测定其血浆内皮素的浓度.结果:女性高血压中+138A/-多态性与舒张压有关(p=0.004),4A4A基因型舒张压比3A3A型高16 mmHg(p=0.004),较3A4A型高15 mmHg(p=0.035).将4A4A与3A4A型合并后其舒张压较3A3A型高(p=0.041).而在女性对照组以及男性中均无此关系.未发现K198N位点基因型与血压之间的相关性.结论:女性EH患者中,4A型携带者舒张压更容易升高,4A等位基因可能是女性EH患者血压升高的一个危险因素.进一步探讨其作用机制,可以为EH患者的个体化预防治疗提供依据.

Abstract：

Objective: To investigate the association between K198N, + 138A/- polymorphisms (SNP) of endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene and essential hypertension in a sub-population of Chongqing. Methods: Sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was used to detect the genetic polymorphisms of endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene in 95 hypertensive patients and 155 normotensive subjects. Plasma ET concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay in 36 hypertensive patients and 40 normotensive subjects.Result: +138A/-gene variants influenced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) only in female hypertensive (p=0. 004), DBP in female individuals with 4A4A carriers of +138A/- was 16mm Hg higher than that in 3A3A carriers(p=0. 041)and 15mm Hg higher than that in 3A4A carriers (p=0. 035). The above relationship was not found in the female control group and in the male groups and there was no relationship between K198N genotype and blood pressure. There was also no significant genotype-associated difference in plasma ET. Conclusion: Female hypertensive with 4A allele had a higher probability of having higher DBP; therefore 4A allele might be a risk factor for blood pressure rise in female hypertensive. Understanding this mechanism of action can further help to find new therapies for hypertensive patients, especially in the female population.     

重庆石漠化区主要乔木群落土壤水文功能研究——以重庆市南川示范区为例

通过对重庆石漠化区2种植物群落凋落物层和土壤层的持水性能进行研究,结果表明:马尾松群落的蓄积量高于樟树群落,蓄积量高达48.3 t/hm2,不同分解层次的蓄积量,因植物群落类型不同而有别,测定结果显示针叶林的凋落物的蓄积量、鲜质量、干质量明显高于阔叶林;在两种群落中同种凋落物的不同分解层次的最大持水量、持水率,均是半分解层高于未分解层,马尾松群落持水总量高于樟树群落,达71.5 t/hm2,相应的持水深度也是马尾松群落高于樟树群落;马尾松群落凋落物的吸水量明显高于樟树群落,且每一种凋落物的半分解层的吸水量均大于未分解层,在持水过程中,两种凋落物呈现相同的变化趋势,在前4 h内吸水速率降低幅度大,4 h后吸水速度减缓,20 h后趋向于零.凋落物吸水量和浸水时间之间存在对数关系(y=aln(x)+b),凋落物吸水速率与浸水时间的关系按照反函数方程变化(y=a+bx-1);马尾松群落的总拦蓄量(98.18 t/hm2)大于樟树群落的总拦蓄量(59.26 t/hm2);马尾松群落可截留9.818 mm的林内降雨,樟树群落可以截留5.925 mm的林内降雨.且不同分解层次上也表现为半分解层的有效拦蓄量大于未分解层.表层土壤的持水性能也和凋落物层的持水性能呈现相同的规律,也表现为马尾松林高于樟树林.

Abstract：

The water-holding capacities in 2 main forest types (Pinus tabulaeformis Lamb and Cinnamomum (L.)Presel) in mountainous eco-system in Karst area of Chongqing were studied. The results showed that the litter storage of P. tabulaeformis (48.3 t/ha) was higher than that of Cinnamomum. Different vegetation types and different decomposition levels resulted in different storages. The litter storage, the wet litter standing crop and the dry litter standing crop of conifers were higher than those of broadleaf forests. The maximum water-holding percentage and water holding capacity of the semi-decomposed layer was higher than those of the non-decomposed layer of the same vegetation type, and the total water holding capacity and the water holding depth of P. tabulaeformis was much higher than that of Cinnamomum. In the water holding process, the litter of the two vegetation types showed a similar trend. Water absorption rate dropped sharply in the first 4 hours, and slightly thereafter and approached zero after 20 hours. The total water holding capacity increased logarithmically with increasing immersion time in water (y = aln(x)+b),and water absorption rate in all plantations decreased with increasing immersion time according to the equation y= a+bx-1. The total interception amount of P. tabulaeformis and Cinnamomum was 98.18 t/ha and 59.26 t/ha, respectively; and their total interception depth was 9. 818 mm and 5. 925 mm. The modified interception amount of the semi-decomposed layer was higher than that of the non-decomposed layer.Like the litter layer, the topsoil showed a similar pattern of the water-holding properties. i.e. the waterholding capacity of the soil of P. tabulaeformis forests was better than that of Cinnamomum forests.     

小城镇资源环境和经济增长协调发展实证研究

运用Solow扩展模型对资源环境与社会经济增长协调发展问题进行了研究,运用系统科学理论方法分析小城镇资源环境系统与社会经济系统的演化,提出了两者协调发展的评价模型,并在四川省阿坝州汶川县威州镇社会经济发展实践中进行了实证分析,结果表明:威州镇的资源环境与社会经济的协调值α一直处于第一象限内,资源环境与社会经济基本协调,2002年以前,资源环境条件得到了一定的改善,这与国家实施西部大开发政策分不开,2003年以后,资源环境的发展速度有所减慢,与经济的发展呈现出一致性,与两者的协调发展要求相吻合.

Abstract：

The Solow expanding model was used to study the harmonious development between resource environment and economic growth of small towns. Based on an analysis of the evolution of the resource environment system and the social economic system of small towns with the systematic science principles, a model for the evaluation of coordinated development of the two was established, which was applied subsequently in an empirical study in the social economic development practice at Weizhou town, Wenchuan county, Aba, Sichuan. The conclusion showed that the value for harmonious development between resource environment and economic growth was always in the first quadrant, suggesting that the development of economy in this town was, in the main, harmonious with its resource environment. Before 2002,the resource environment condition made a great progress owing to the policy of Western Development.After 2003, the developing speed of resource environment slowed down and kept the agreement with the economic development.     

N,N'-二(5-溴亚水杨基)-2,6-吡啶二氨铜(Ⅱ)配合物为载体的高选择性硫氰酸根离子电极的研制

首次研究以N,N'-二(5-溴亚水杨基)-2,6-吡啶二氨铜(Ⅱ)配合物为载体的PVC膜电极,其对硫氰酸根离子(SCN-)具有优良的电位响应特性并呈现出反Hofmeister选择性行为,其选择性从大到小次序为:SCN~-,I~-,ClO_4~-,Sal~-,Br~-,NO_2~-,Cl~-,SO_3~(2-),NO_3~-,SO_4~(2-).电极在Ph=5.0的磷酸盐缓冲体系中,对SCN~-在1.0×10~(-1)～4.0×10~(-6)mol/L浓度范围内呈近能斯特响应,斜率为58.5 Mv/dec(25℃),检测下限为2.0×10~(-6)mol/L.采用交流阻抗技术和紫外可见光谱技术初步研究了阴离子与栽体的作用机理,结果表明电极的反Hofmeister选择性行为与配合物中心金属原子的结构以及栽体本身的结构有非常密切的构效关系.该电极具有制备简单、响应快、重现性好、检测限低等优点.将电极应用于实验室废水和人的尿液样品分析,结果令人满意.

Abstract：

A new highly selective thiocyanate electrode based on N,N'-bis(5-bromosalicylidene)-2,6-pyridinediamine copper(Ⅱ)complex[Cu(Ⅱ)-BBSPD]as the neutral carrier is described.The electrode has an anti-Hofmeister selectivity sequence:SCN~-,I~-,ClO_4~-,Sal~-,Br~-,NO_2~-,Cl~-,SO_3~(2-),NO_3~-,SO_4~(2-) and a near-Nernstian potential linear range for thiocyanate from 1.0×10~(-1) to 4.0×10~(-6)mol/L with a detection limit of 2.0 × 10~(-6) mol/L and a slope of 58.5 Mv/decade in Ph=5.0 of phosphorate buffer solution at 25℃.The response mechanism was discussed on the basis of the results from AC impedance measurement and UV spectroscopy.The anti-Hofmeister behaviour of the electrode was found to result from the direct interaction between the central metal and the analyte ion and steric effect associated with the structure of the carrier.The electrode had the advantages of simplicity,fast response,fair stability and reproducibility,and low detection limit.Application of the electrode to the determination of thiocyanate in wasted water samples from a laboratory and in human urine samples yielded satisfactory results.     

温光诱导芥菜和甘蓝抽薹的生化变化研究

在芥菜"GN"和甘蓝"ZQ"抽薹启动初期0～6 d内,每天测定可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、抗坏血酸(Vc)含量,淀粉合成酶、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,研究抽薹启动期的生化代谢机理.因子分析表明:芥菜和甘蓝在抽薹启动期有2个物质代谢跃变,即第2～3 d和第4～5 d.相关分析表明:可溶性蛋白质和Vc、POD与游离氨基酸呈负相关;淀粉合成酶与CAT、POD和可溶性糖,可溶性蛋白质与游离氨基酸,淀粉合成酶与游离氨基酸呈正相关.主成分分析表明:8项指标分成3个主成分,第一主成分上有可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、POD、抗坏血酸,这5项指标与启动芥菜和甘蓝抽薹的关系密切;第二主成分上有CAT、淀粉合成酶,这2项指标与抵抗逆境的关系密切;第三主成分上有SOD,与抗衰老的关系密切.

Abstract：

In order to study the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of startup bolting of mustard variety "GN" and cabbage variety "ZQ", during the initial stage of bolting (re-cultivation 0-6 days) eight indexes (soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, starch synthesis enzyme, Vc, POD, SOD and CAT) were measured every day. Factor analysis showed two substance-metabolizing leap-periods, i.e. 2-3 days and 4-5 days after alternation low temperature treatment, in mustard and cabbage. Correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between soluble protein and Vc and between POD and free amino acid, and a positive relationship between starch synthesis enzyme and CAT, between POD and soluble sugar, between soluble sugar and free amino acid, and between starch synthesis enzyme and free amino acid.Principal component analysis divided the eight indexes into three groups of principal components. The first group involved five indexes: soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, POD and Vc, which were probably in close relation to startup bolting of mustard and cabbage. Two indexes (CAT and starch synthesis enzyme) in the second group were probably in close relation to adversity resistance. One index (SOD) in the third group was probably in close relation to senescence resistance.     

岷江上游土地利用变化及其对生态环境的影响

基于遥感和G1S技术支持下,详细研究了岷江上游的土地利用状况及其1986-2000年的动态变化对生态效益的影响.研究表明:林地、草地、耕地是岷江上游主要的土地利用类型,这近15年间,林地面积减少,草地、耕地面积有所增加,经济林地和旱地增长速度最快,疏林地和高盖度草地减少速度最快.在土地利用类型转化过程中,林地与草地间转化剧烈,主要是有林地、灌木林地转化为中盖度草地;同时林地和草地内部转化也较为频繁,主要是有林地转为灌木林地、高盖度草地转为中盖度草地.区域生态效益在主要土地利用类型变化影响下,呈局部区域提高、总体下降的趋势,下降幅度为4.66%,下降的主要因素为旱地、中盖度草地和低盖度草地的增加,有林地和高盖度草地的减少.为此岷江上游地区应贯彻国家政策,调整产业结构,保护珍贵的林业资源,保护生态环境,走可持续发展的路线.

Abstract：

Based on remote sensing and GIS, this study investigated the present situation of land use in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River and the impact of its dynamic changes in 1986-2000 on eco-efficiency.The result indicated that the main land-use types of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River are woodland, grassland and farmland.In the 15 years from 1986 to 2000, woodland area was reduced, but the grassland area and arable land area increased to a certain extent.The types of economic forest land and the dry-land grew the fastest, while the scattered woodland and high coverage grassland were the fastest decreasing types.In the conversion of land use types, the conversion between woodland and grassland was quite dras-tic, expressed mainly in the conversion of forest land and shrub land into medium coverage grassland.Within woodland and grassland, internal conversion was frequent, mainly from forest land into shrub land and from high coverage grassland to medium coverage grassland.Influenced by the changes in the main land-use types, the trend of the regional eco-efficiency improved locally in some regions, but declined as a whole with a range of 4.66%, because of the decrease in forest land and high coverage grassland and the increase in dry-land, medium coverage grassland and low coverage grassland.Therefore, we should imple-ment the national policy, adjust the industrial structure, provide some method for protecting the limited and precious forest resources of the area, protect the ecological environment and follow the road of sustain-able development.     

5种补益类中草药抗诱变作用的对比实验研究

采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌营养缺陷型回复突变试验、人外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换试验、人外周血淋巴细胞微核试验、中国仓鼠卵巢细胞染色体畸变试验,对人参、绞股蓝、黄芪、甘草和女贞子水提物的低、中、高剂量抗诱变性能进行了实验对比研究.结果显示,人参、绞股蓝、黄芪的中、高剂量组,甘草3个剂量组均能降低环磷酰胺(CP)诱发的微核率(p<0.05);绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,人参高剂量组,黄芪中、高剂量组对CP诱发的染色体畸变率增高有抑制效应(p<0.05);人参、绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,黄芪中、高剂量组均能抑制由2,7-AF诱发的TA98菌株回变菌落数增加(p<0.05);黄芪、女贞子3个剂量组,绞股蓝中、高剂量组均能抑制由NaN3诱发的TA100菌株回变菌落数增高(p<0.05);绞股蓝中、高剂量组,甘草中剂量组能降低由MMC诱发的SCE增高(p<0.05);人参中、高剂量组,绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组、女贞子低、中剂量组对MMC诱发的MN增高有抑制作用(p<0.05);人参中、高剂量组,绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,女贞子低、中剂量组对MMC诱发的染色体畸变有抑制作用(p<0.05).表明绞股蓝、甘草、人参的抗诱变性能良好,作用范围较广;黄芪、女贞子具有一定的抗诱变作用,但有局限性.

Abstract：

To accurately determine the anti-mutation effects of the aqueous extract of five tonic traditional Chinese medicinal herbs [Gynostemma pentaphyllum,Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Ginseng (Panax ginseng), Astragalus membranaceus and Fructus ligustri] and to determine the dose effect of each. Methods: The world-wide adopted means (micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocyte in mouse bone marrow cells, chromosomal aberration test of mouse bone marrow cells, Ames test, sister chromatid exchanges test in the lymphocytes of human blood, micronucleus test in the lymphocytes of human blood, chromosomal aberration test of CHO cells) were used to systematically study the anti-mutation effects of the above five traditional Chinese medicines under different doses. Results: Medium to high dose groups for Ginseng,G.pentaphyllum and A.membranaceus and all three dose groups for G.uralensis Fisch de-creased CP-induced micronucleus frequency in mouse bone marrow cells (p<0.05). All three dose groups for G.pentaphyllum and G. uralensis Fisch, the high dose group for Ginseng and the median and high dose groups for G. uralensis Fisch showed inhibition effectiveness to the increase in CP-induced chromo-somal aberration ratio of mouse bone marrow cells (p<0.05). All three dose groups for Ginseng, G.ura-lensis Fisch and G. pentaphyllum restrained the increase in the back matagenesis of TA98 induced by 2,7-AF (p<0.05). For A. membranaceus, however, only the high dose group was effective(p<0.05). All three dose groups for A. membranaceus and F. ligustriand high dose group for G.pentaphyllum inhibi-ted the increase in back matagenesis of T A100 induced by NaN3 (p<0.05). High dose group for G.pen-taphyllum and median dose group for G. pentaphyllum inhibited the increase inf SCE in the lymphocytes of human blood induced by MMC (p<0.05). High dose group for Ginseng, three dose groups for G. pen-taphyllumand low and median groups for F.ligustriinhibited the increase in MN in the lymphocytes of human blood induced by MMC (p<0.05). High dose group for ginseng, three dose groups for G. pen-taphyllum and G. uralensis Fisch, and high dose groups for G.pentaphyllum and G.uralensis Fisch in-hibited chromosomal aberration of CHO cells induced by MMC (p<0.05). Conclusions: G. pentaphyl-lum, G. uralensis Fisch and Ginseng show good anti-mutant activity. Their effective dose ranges are quite wide.A.membranaceus and F.ligustrilucidi showed only limited effectiveness against induced mutation.     

本刊加入万方数据资源系统(ChinaInfo)数字化期刊群的声明

为了实现科技期刊编辑、出版发行工作的电子化,推进科技信息交流的网络化进程,我刊现已入网“万方数据资源系统(ＣｈｉｎａＩｎｆｏ)数字化期刊群”,所以,向本刊投稿并录用的稿件文章,将一律由编辑部统一纳入万方数据资源系统(ＣｈｉｎａＩｎｆｏ),进入因特网提供信息服务。凡有不同意者,请另投它刊。本刊所付稿酬包含刊物内容上网服务报酬,不再另付。万方数据资源系统(ＣｈｉｎａＩｎｆｏ)数字化期刊群是国家“九五”重点科技攻关项目,截止1999年7月已有600种期刊全文上网(网址:ｈｔｔｐ://ｗｗｗ.ｃｈｉｎａｉｎｆｏ.ｇｏｖ.ｃｎ/ｐｅｒｉ…     

几个主要玉米自交系的配合力及聚类分析

利用16个自交系按8×8不完全双列杂交法配成64个组合,研究其株高、穗位高、生育期、穗长、穗粒数、小区籽粒产量等14个农艺性状的一般配合力(GcA)、特殊配合力(SCA)和遗传参数.结果表明:14个农艺性状的GCA和SCA均达极显著水平;控制这14个性状的基因效应中主要以加性基因效应为主,非加性基因效应较少;本试验材料中561、B603-6-1、8954、4781tl41、268、549、478C4等7个自交系GCA综合性状较优,为组配强优势杂交组合的优良自交系.根据离差平方和法进行聚类分析表明16个自交系划分成6个类群:549、8954为一类;268、478C4、冬4011、N7931、478G为一类;4781tl41、苏11为一类;561、B603-6-1为一类;WJ01、石79、1058为一类;吉1037、200H为一类.

Abstract：

Sixteen maize inbred lines were used in an 8×8 incomplete diallel cross experiment to form 64cross combinations and their general combining ability(GCA),special combing ability(SCA)and genetic parameters of 14 agronomic traits were recorded,including plant height,ear height,growth duration,ear length,kernels per ear,grain yield per plot.The results showed that the GCA and SCA of all the agronomic traits studied were significantly high and were controlled mainly by additive genes.Considered comprehensively,7 inbred lines(561,B603-6-1,8954,4781tl41,268,549 and 478C4)had relatively good GCA characters and they would be useful in developing the crosses with strong heterosis.Cluster analysis divided the 16 maize inbred lines into 6 groups,i.e.[1]549 and 8954;[2]268,478C4,Dong4011,N7931and 478G;[3]4781tl41 and Sull;[4]561 and B603-6-1;[5]WJ01,Shi79 and 1058;and(6)Ji1037 and200H.     

陕西黄龙山自然保护区褐马鸡春夏取食地比较

2006年3-5月和2007年7,8月在陕西黄龙山自然保护区对褐马鸡春夏取食地的选择性进行了研究.采用Vanderloeg & Scavia选择指数和资源选择函数方法分析表明:春季褐马鸡取食生境主要偏向于低海拔、沟底、乔木密度小于5个/100m~2、乔木直径大于20cm、草本盖度小于50%的针阔混交林;夏季主要偏向于高海拔、坡度小于20b、草本高度大于20cm和隐蔽级小于10%的阔叶林.褐马鸡春夏季取食地在植被类型、坡向、坡位、海拔、地理性、水源距离、人为干扰距离、乔木密度、乔木胸径、乔木高度、灌木盖度、灌丛高度、草本盖度、草本高度和隐蔽级上有显著差异(p<0.05).说明随着北方地区春夏季食物数量和质量的剧烈变化,褐马鸡对取食生境的利用对策也将发生一定程度的改变.

Abstract：

Selection of foraging habitats of brown-eared pheasants(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)was studied with Vanderloeg & Scavia'index and resource selection functions in Huanglongshan Nature Reserve, Huanglong County, Shaanxi Province, China, from Julyto Augustin 2007and from Marchto May in 2006.The results showed that C. mantchuricum preferred mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests, which grow at a relatively low altitude(<1 200m),on gully bottom, with a density of trees of<5individuals/100m~2a,a diameter of trees of<20cm and a cover of grasses of<50%in spring, and broad-leaf forests, at a relatively high altitude(<13 00m),with a slope degree of<20°,a height of grasses of<20cm and a sheltering class of<10%in summer. There were significant differences in vegetation type,slope direc-tion, slope location, altitude, geographical, distance to water source and man-disturbance, density, diam-eter and height of trees, cover and height of shrub, cover and heigh to fgrasses and sheltering class be-tween the foraging habitats in spring and summer, suggesting that in the northern region of China, the quantity and quality of foraging species have experienced great changes between spring and summer and the strategy of exploiting the foraging habitats by brown-eared pheasants varies greatly with the season.     

介绍李约瑟博士近著《中国科学技术史·六卷一分册—植物学》

最近,李约瑟(Joseph Needham)博士将他的近著《中国科学技术史·六卷一分册—植物学》(Science and civilisation in China Vol.6 Biology and Biological Tech-nology Part 1:Botany)赠给笔者,笔者回赠所著《中国昆虫学文献索引》,《中国鸟兽害文献索引》、《中国植物病理学文献索引》及《中国农药文献索引》。现将《中国科学技术史》各卷名称及植物学部分的主要内容介绍如下。     

低蛋白日粮对生长猪舍NH3和H2S质量浓度及猪生产性能的影响

将48头平均体重约27 kg的杜×(长×大)三元杂交生长猪根据体重和性别分成4组,饲喂4种不同蛋白质水平日粮,3种试验日粮根据理想氨基酸模式配制.试验结果表明:①4组日增重与料重比差异不显著(P>0.05).15%粗蛋白组生长速度最快,14%粗蛋白组经济性能最好,平均增重利润比17%粗蛋白组多0.41元/kg.②14%、13%粗蛋白组血清尿素氮分别显著(P<0.05)、极显著(P<0.01)低于17%粗蛋白组.③4组猪舍期中、期末氨气质量浓度,14%、13%粗蛋白组分别显著(P<0.05)、极显著(P<0.01)低于17%粗蛋白组,各组硫化氢质量浓度无显著差异(P>0.05).     

镉中毒对肉鸡某些血液学指标的影响

将1曰龄的AA鸡160羽随机分成4组:Ⅰ组(对照组)鸡喂基础曰粮;Ⅱ组鸡喂基础曰粮添加镉1mg/kg(以3CdSO4·8H2O折算,下同);Ⅲ组鸡喂基础曰粮添加镉10mg/kg;Ⅳ组鸡喂基础曰粮添加镉100mg/kg。各组鸡分舍试验49d,测定鸡的血液学指标。结果表明:饲镉组鸡RBC、Hb、PCV、MCH、MCHC均低于对照组,且Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与对照组有组间差异(P<0.05或P<0. 01),呈一种典型的正细胞低色素性贫血。