5种补益类中草药抗诱变作用的对比实验研究

采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌营养缺陷型回复突变试验、人外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换试验、人外周血淋巴细胞微核试验、中国仓鼠卵巢细胞染色体畸变试验,对人参、绞股蓝、黄芪、甘草和女贞子水提物的低、中、高剂量抗诱变性能进行了实验对比研究.结果显示,人参、绞股蓝、黄芪的中、高剂量组,甘草3个剂量组均能降低环磷酰胺(CP)诱发的微核率(p<0.05);绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,人参高剂量组,黄芪中、高剂量组对CP诱发的染色体畸变率增高有抑制效应(p<0.05);人参、绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,黄芪中、高剂量组均能抑制由2,7-AF诱发的TA98菌株回变菌落数增加(p<0.05);黄芪、女贞子3个剂量组,绞股蓝中、高剂量组均能抑制由NaN3诱发的TA100菌株回变菌落数增高(p<0.05);绞股蓝中、高剂量组,甘草中剂量组能降低由MMC诱发的SCE增高(p<0.05);人参中、高剂量组,绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组、女贞子低、中剂量组对MMC诱发的MN增高有抑制作用(p<0.05);人参中、高剂量组,绞股蓝、甘草3个剂量组,女贞子低、中剂量组对MMC诱发的染色体畸变有抑制作用(p<0.05).表明绞股蓝、甘草、人参的抗诱变性能良好,作用范围较广;黄芪、女贞子具有一定的抗诱变作用,但有局限性.

Abstract：

To accurately determine the anti-mutation effects of the aqueous extract of five tonic traditional Chinese medicinal herbs [Gynostemma pentaphyllum,Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Ginseng (Panax ginseng), Astragalus membranaceus and Fructus ligustri] and to determine the dose effect of each. Methods: The world-wide adopted means (micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocyte in mouse bone marrow cells, chromosomal aberration test of mouse bone marrow cells, Ames test, sister chromatid exchanges test in the lymphocytes of human blood, micronucleus test in the lymphocytes of human blood, chromosomal aberration test of CHO cells) were used to systematically study the anti-mutation effects of the above five traditional Chinese medicines under different doses. Results: Medium to high dose groups for Ginseng,G.pentaphyllum and A.membranaceus and all three dose groups for G.uralensis Fisch de-creased CP-induced micronucleus frequency in mouse bone marrow cells (p<0.05). All three dose groups for G.pentaphyllum and G. uralensis Fisch, the high dose group for Ginseng and the median and high dose groups for G. uralensis Fisch showed inhibition effectiveness to the increase in CP-induced chromo-somal aberration ratio of mouse bone marrow cells (p<0.05). All three dose groups for Ginseng, G.ura-lensis Fisch and G. pentaphyllum restrained the increase in the back matagenesis of TA98 induced by 2,7-AF (p<0.05). For A. membranaceus, however, only the high dose group was effective(p<0.05). All three dose groups for A. membranaceus and F. ligustriand high dose group for G.pentaphyllum inhibi-ted the increase in back matagenesis of T A100 induced by NaN3 (p<0.05). High dose group for G.pen-taphyllum and median dose group for G. pentaphyllum inhibited the increase inf SCE in the lymphocytes of human blood induced by MMC (p<0.05). High dose group for Ginseng, three dose groups for G. pen-taphyllumand low and median groups for F.ligustriinhibited the increase in MN in the lymphocytes of human blood induced by MMC (p<0.05). High dose group for ginseng, three dose groups for G. pen-taphyllum and G. uralensis Fisch, and high dose groups for G.pentaphyllum and G.uralensis Fisch in-hibited chromosomal aberration of CHO cells induced by MMC (p<0.05). Conclusions: G. pentaphyl-lum, G. uralensis Fisch and Ginseng show good anti-mutant activity. Their effective dose ranges are quite wide.A.membranaceus and F.ligustrilucidi showed only limited effectiveness against induced mutation.