大豆分离蛋白／淀粉复合涂膜对白蘑菇贮藏品质的影响

该研究利用大豆分离蛋白／淀粉复合膜液对白蘑菇进行涂膜保鲜,测定不同保藏时期白蘑菇的呼吸强度、失重率、多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性、开伞率等指标。试验结果表明,大豆分离蛋白／淀粉复合膜液对白蘑菇的涂膜能够明显地提高白蘑菇的贮藏品质。     

大豆分离蛋白及多糖对冷冻馒头淀粉回生影响的研究

馒头制品的回生是一个普遍问题。在馒头制作过程中,添加一定量的大豆分离蛋白或可溶性大豆多糖,将制作好的馒头在-40℃条件下冷冻1 h后于-18℃下贮藏,定期测量馒头芯的硬度、淀粉α化度及水浸提物含量三个淀粉回生指标。结果表明:分别添加2%大豆分离蛋白和1.5%的可溶性大豆多糖均可对冷冻馒头的淀粉回生有显著的改善效果,延缓馒头贮藏过程中品质的下降,可获得较高的感官评价值。     

可食性膜在食品保鲜中的应用现状及研究进展

在食品保鲜领域,可食用天然抗菌保鲜膜是一种重要的可生物降解膜,具有易降解、成本低、来源广等特点。介绍了多糖膜、蛋白膜和脂质膜3种可食性涂膜在食品保鲜中的应用现状,综述了复合成膜技术、纳米颗粒制备技术及添加植物精油在制备可食性涂膜中的研究进展,以期为可食性包装材料在保鲜领域中的进一步研究提供参考借鉴。     

贮藏温度和包装对青脆李保鲜效果的影响

研究了不同贮藏温度、PE薄膜包装和高效乙烯去除剂对青脆李果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、色泽和风味的影响。结果表明,在一定温度范围内,贮藏温度越低,越有利于保持青脆李的新鲜度和风味;聚乙烯（PE）薄膜包装具有较好的保绿与保脆作用。青脆李采用0.03mm厚的PE薄膜包装在0～1℃条件下贮藏70天,果实完好、脆绿、新鲜、风味浓郁。     

1-MCP对青脆李亚低温贮藏期间生理生化及品质的影响

以四川茂县青脆李为试材,研究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对亚低温(8±0.5℃)条件下青脆李的生理生化及其贮藏期间果实品质变化的影响。结果表明:1-MCP处理可显著抑制青脆李果实的呼吸作用和乙烯的释放速率,并降低两者的峰值;可保持果实细胞膜的完整性,降低PPO活性和酚类物质的消耗,减少褐变。其中以1.0μL.L-1浓度的1-MCP处理能够更有效地保持果实的质地与风味,亚低温条件下贮藏28 d,褐变指数为0,腐烂指数为5.3,显著好于对照和其他浓度的1-MCP处理,延长果实保鲜期达到20 d。     

大豆分离蛋白涂膜处理对库车小白杏冷藏保鲜效果

采用大豆分离蛋白对库车小白杏进行涂膜处理,通过测定贮藏期小白杏腐烂率及相关品质指标的变化,评价小白杏的保鲜效果。结果表明,大豆分离蛋白涂膜处理能降低小白杏的腐烂率,保持小白杏的硬度,抑制呼吸强度,延缓可溶性固形物(TSS)、可滴定酸(TA)和VC的降解,保持其感官品质,达到延长贮藏期的目的。综合考虑,添加质量分数6%大豆分离蛋白涂膜处理的保鲜效果最佳。     

多糖复合涂膜保鲜剂对不同杨梅品种低温贮藏品质的影响

旨在研究低温中湿条件下,多糖复合涂膜保鲜剂对不同杨梅品种的贮藏保鲜效果,为杨梅的长距离运输和商业冷藏保鲜提供理论依据。多糖复合涂膜以魔芋粉和海藻酸钠与壳聚糖的复配胶为基质,以甘油为成膜助剂配成;采用该复合涂膜处理‘乌梅’和‘东魁’杨梅并在低温(1~2℃,相对湿度80%~85%)条件下贮藏,分析好果率、霉变率、烂果率、裂果率、失重率、有机酸、可溶性固形物、果实硬度、花色苷和MDA等贮藏品质指标的变化,研究复合涂膜对杨梅贮藏品质变化的影响。结果表明:魔芋粉和海藻酸钠与壳聚糖复合涂膜保鲜剂处理显著提高了杨梅贮藏后的好果率,减缓了有机酸和可溶性固形物等营养成分的转化和降解,抑制了果实的软化和MDA含量升高;此外,多糖复合涂膜保鲜剂对‘乌梅’和‘东魁’贮藏期间的失重率、霉变率和花色苷等品质指标的影响存在差异。在低温中湿条件下,多糖复合涂膜保鲜剂对‘乌梅’和‘东魁’都具有良好的保鲜效果,但品种间的保鲜效果存在差异,生产应用时需考虑所贮藏品种间的差异。     

应用新型可食性阿拉伯树胶涂膜延长番茄果实货架期及提高果实品质的研究

应用一种新型的可食性涂膜材料阿拉伯树胶对番茄进行涂膜保鲜,能够延长果实的货架期并提高果实品质。将浓度为5%、10%、15%和20%的阿拉伯树胶水溶液分别涂布于绿熟期的番茄表面,然后将番茄在20℃、相对湿度为80%～90%的环境中贮藏20 d。结果表明,浓度为10%的阿拉伯树胶涂膜处理与对照相比,可很好地保持果实的质量、硬度、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物和抗坏血酸含量;果实未出现任何腐烂和风味劣变症状。感官评价结果表明,应用10%浓度的阿拉伯树胶涂膜,在贮藏期内能够保持番茄果实的原有风味品质和正常颜色。说明在20℃下10%的阿拉伯树胶作为一种可食性膜可以延缓番茄果实的后熟进程,货架期可延长至20 d。     

复合涂膜处理对火龙果常温贮藏品质的影响

以新鲜红肉火龙果为试材,分别用不同浓度的蔗糖基聚合物和海藻酸钠复配涂膜液浸泡处理1 min,于常温(29~31℃)下贮藏11 d,研究不同浓度复合涂膜液处理对火龙果常温贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,各涂膜处理组均能有效减缓果实水分的蒸发、降低失重率、延缓可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量的下降。在常温贮藏条件下,火龙果能存放8~9 d,比对照(清水处理)可延长2~4 d。其中,5%蔗糖基聚合物+1%海藻酸钠处理的保鲜效果最佳,贮藏7 d后才出现腐烂果,比对照推迟了4 d。     

番木瓜货架期的防腐保鲜技术研究

为了研究番木瓜货架期的复合防腐保鲜技术,以番木瓜为试材,采用生物(Nisin)、化学(咪鲜胺)与涂膜(大豆分离蛋白、海藻酸钠)相结合的方法,以各项感官指标和理化指标做评价,对黄熟过程的番木瓜进行防腐保鲜效果研究。结果表明,最佳复合防腐保鲜工艺条件为:0.3 g/L Nisin与0.35 g/L咪鲜胺复配成复合防腐剂,处理番木瓜2 min,1%(V/V)乙烯利喷雾处理,再以3%大豆分离蛋白、0.3%海藻酸钠制成pH 7.0的复合涂膜液进行涂膜。通过此联合防腐处理,可有效延缓番木瓜的腐烂指数及失重率的上升,抑制VC和TSS含量的下降,防腐保鲜效果显著,也利于番木瓜黄熟指数的上升。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

母猪繁殖障碍成因分析

繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素（如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄）、环境因素（如温度、湿度、通风、光照）、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6~9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L^-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5~6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法。结果表明,在含1%果胶酶+4%纤维素酶R-10+3%纤维素酶RS组合的酶解液中,保温4 h可制得产量较高、细胞碎片量较少的原生质体。     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.