水稻糙米蛋白质含量的QTL定位

蛋白质含量是评价稻米品质的一项重要指标,控制水稻糙米蛋白质含量的基因位点是数量性状,检测水稻糙米蛋白质含量的QTL并进行遗传效应分析对于水稻品质遗传育种具有重要的意义.本研究以中优早/丰锦重组自交系群体作为定位群体,结合构建的遗传连锁图谱利用Windows QTL Cartogtapher2.0软件,采用复合区间作图法对水稻糙米蛋白质含量进行QTL定位和效应分析.检测到控制糙米蛋白质含量的QTL 6个(qPc-3、qPc-6、qPc-7、qPc-8-1、qPc-8-2和qPc-11),分别位于第3、6、7、8和11连锁群上.单个QTL对群体表型变异的贡献率为3.79%～19.41%,联合贡献率为61.07%.在这些QTL的区间中,第8染色体的口Pc-8-1基因区域对糙米蛋白质含量具有主效作用.进一步分析和比较了相关研究结果,讨论了研究结果对开展稻米品质遗传育种的意义.     

利用RIL群体比较定位糙米和精米蛋白质含量的QTL

稻米蛋白质含量是水稻(Oryza sativa L.)营养品质育种的重要内容之一.本研究以珍汕97与南洋占杂交构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料,结合其建立了由190个SSR标记组成的遗传图谱,利用QTLmapper1.6对糙米和精米中的蛋白质含量的遗传基础进行了分析,共定位到4个控制糙米含量的QTLs和2个控制精米含量的QTLs.其中,控制精米蛋白质含量的2个QTLs与控制糙米蛋白质含量的2个QTLs位置一致,这2个QTL(qpc1和qpc2)在糙米和精米的蛋白质含量中均解释了较大的表型变异,而且糙米和精米蛋白质含量的相关系数为0.814,这表明糙米和精米的蛋白质含量具有相似的遗传基础.研究还发现上位性在糙米和精米蛋白质含量的遗传中也起很重要的作用.其中,在糙米蛋白质含量中,上位性QTLs可以解释42.2%的表型变异;在精米蛋白质含量中,上位性QTLs共解释了27.8%的表型变异.本研究初步揭示了稻米蛋白质含量的遗传基础,为分子标记辅助选择改良稻米品质及蛋白质含量基因的克隆提供了有益的信息.     

基于高密度遗传图谱的水稻糙米率QTL定位分析

水稻糙米率是加工品质中的一个重要组成部分。为了探索糙米率的遗传基础,本研究以V20B和CPSLO17作为亲本,构建了150个重组自交系(recombinant inbred lines,RIL)群体。利用SLAF标签构建的精度更高、平均遗传距离为0.292 c M的高密度遗传图谱,结合亲本和群体糙米率表型数据,对三亚和贵阳两个环境下控制水稻糙米率的数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci,QTL)进行遗传分析。结果显示:三亚和贵阳共检测到两个QTL。其中,三亚检测到1个QTL位点q BR1,位于第1染色体Marker600937~Marker685097区间上,两个标记间遗传距离为0.471 c M,贡献率为9.7470%;贵阳检测到1个QTL位点q BR4位于第4染色体Marker503771~Marker431234区间上,两个标记间遗传距离为0.469 c M,贡献率为9.7634%。两个检测到的QTL,在两个环境中未重复检测到,且增效位点均来自于亲本V20B。本研究对进一步发掘和利用水稻糙米率QTL具有重要意义,同时为利用分子标记辅助选择提高水稻糙米率提供参考。     

利用永久F2群体定位小麦株高的QTL

为研究小麦株高的遗传机制,利用DH群体构建了一套包含168个杂交组合的小麦永久F₂群体, 并于2007年种植于山东泰安和山东聊城。构建了一套覆盖小麦21条染色体的遗传连锁图谱并利用该图谱的324个SSR标记对小麦株高进行QTL定位研究,使用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件进行QTL分析。在永久F₂群体中定位了7个株高QTL,包括4个加性QTL,一个显性QTL,一对上位性QTL,共解释株高变异的20%,其中位于4D染色体的qPh4D,具有最大的遗传效应,贡献率为7.5%;位于2D 染色体显性效应位点qPh2D,可解释1.6%的表型变异;位于5B~6D染色体上位效应位点,可解释1.7%的表型变异。还发现加性效应、显性效应和上位效应对小麦株高的遗传起重要作用,并且基因与环境具有互作效应,结果表明利用永久F₂群体进行QTL定位研究的方法有助于分子标记辅助育种。     

棉花叶绿素含量和光合速率的QTL定位

 为了探讨棉花光合作用及相关生理性状的遗传规律, 利用四交分离作图群体泗棉3号/苏12//中4133/8891的273个F_2：3家系为材料,用MAPQTL5.0软件及区间作图方法(IM), 对棉花叶绿素含量及光合速率进行了QTL分析。检测到3个与叶绿素含量相关的QTL, 分别位于染色体D6、D8和A10, 解释性状表型变异的4.3%, 4.5% 和5.2%。检测到3个与光合速率相关的QTL, 位于D5、D6和A11染色体, 解释性状表型变异的3.8%,7.4% 和8.4%。两个性状所有QTL的遗传效应均以加性效应为主。本研究定位的棉花叶绿素含量和光合速率QTL均是首次报道,可尝试应用于高光效育种的分子标记辅助选择。     

小麦籽粒灌浆速率及粒重QTL初步研究

为了对小麦不同发育时期灌浆速率及千粒重进行动态QTL初步定位,并进行遗传分析,通过01-35×6044杂交得F1代,后经连续多年“一粒传法”获得F9代重组自交系,利用Mapmaker/version 3.0计算标记间距离并绘制遗传图谱,结合田间表型数据采用Win QTL Cart 2.5软件的方法研究小麦不同发育时期灌浆速率及千粒重QTL定位情况及其效应。结果共检测到13个小麦灌浆速率及千粒重QTL,这些QTL大部分是位于2A染色体上,部分位于6A、5A、4A染色体上。其中千粒重QTL 2个,可解释表型变异的9%和33%;平均灌浆速率QTL 3个,可解释表型变异的6%~18%;最高灌浆速率QTL 1个,可解释表型变异的11%;最高灌浆速率出现的时间QTL 1个,解释7%的表型变异;第一、四时期各1个,分别解释表型变异的12%和16%;三、五时期各2个,分别解释表型变异的8%~9%和9%~10%。通过对不同时期小麦灌浆速率和粒重QTL定位,探索了控制灌浆速率的基因表达的时空特性,为灌浆速率及千粒重的QTL精细定位和分子标记辅助选择奠定基础。     

油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的种子胚和母体植株QTL定位与分析

菜籽饼是重要的饲料蛋白质来源,氨基酸组成与饲料营养品质有着密切关系,其中丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸为多数动物的半必需氨基酸。本研究利用甘蓝型油菜双单倍体(DH)群体分别与双亲Tapidor和Ningyou 7回交构建的2套BC1F1群体,采用新创建的双子叶作物种子品质性状遗传体系QTL定位软件和作图方法,对油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量进行了种子胚和母体植株2套遗传体系的QTL定位分析。结果表明,在A1、A4、A7、A8、A9、C2、C3和C9染色体上检测到5个丝氨酸含量QTL、2个胱氨酸含量QTL和5个酪氨酸含量QTL,分别解释59.34%、29.66%和59.26%的表型变异。其中5个QTL属于主效QTL,均能解释10%以上的表型变异。全部QTL均具极显著的胚和母体加性主效应,其中3个QTL具显著或极显著的环境互作效应。在A4染色体上发现1个QTL簇,该区域存在3个控制丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的QTL。一些重要QTL以及与之紧密连锁的分子标记在今后图位克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种中具有重要的利用价值。     

十和田近等基因系糙米锌含量QTL定位

以十和田为轮回亲本,丽粳2号为供体亲本培育出糙米锌含量近等基因系群体BC5F6为材料,从遍布水稻12条染色体上的600对引物中筛选到一个与糙米锌含量有关的SSR标记RM4608.根据其在水稻染色体上的位置,结合PCR扩增结果又发现了与糙米锌含量有关的4个SSR标记(RM19491,RM19489,RM6119和RM19487).用MAPMAKER3.0软件做出了这5个标记的连锁群,最后采用混合线性模型定位法找到了糙米锌含量的QTL位点.QTL分析结果显示:该位点位于6号染色体上RM4608和RM6119标记之间,贡献率为5%,为新发现的与糙米锌含量有关的微效基因位点,暂命名为qZINC-6.同时与糙米铬和镁含量有关的QTL位点也被发现,其中糙米铬含量QTL位于标记RM19489和RM19491之间,贡献率为9%,是一个主效基因;糙米镁含量QTL位于标记RM4608-RM6119之间,是一个微效基因,贡献率为4%.     

甘蓝型油菜胚色素成分的QTL定位

以甘蓝型黄籽油菜GH06和甘蓝型黑籽油菜中油821为亲本杂交,后代通过“一粒传法”连续自交7代构建重组自交系, 2007年分别在重庆市北碚区和万州区两个试验基地种植重组自交系群体, 利用本实验室已构建的遗传连锁图谱和复合区间作图法(CIM), 分析种胚色素的4种主要成分的QTL。结果共检测到31个QTL, 分别位于14个不同的连锁群, 其中5个花色素含量有QTL, 分别位于第1、5、10、16和20连锁群,单个QTL解释表型变异的6.08%~11.67%;10个类黄酮含量有QTL, 分别位于第1、3、6、7、12、20和25连锁群,单个QTL解释表型变异的4.48%~11.10%;8个总酚含量有QTL, 分别位于第1、2、12、16和20连锁群,单个QTL解释表型变异的5.24%~10.37%;8个黑色素含量检测到QTL, 分别位于第5、8、10、12、14和22连锁群,单个QTL解释表型变异的5.44%~11.32%。解释表型变异大于10%的5个QTL, 包括2个类黄酮含量QTL, 花色素含量、总酚含量和黑色素含量QTL各1个,它们分别解释11.10%、10.20%、11.67%、10.37%和11.32%的表型变异。研究结果表明胚色素表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 基因表达受环境影响较大, 胚与种皮色素的QTL吻合度不高, 推测种皮和胚色素合成可能受不同遗传体系控制, 与这些QTL紧密相关的分子标记可以用于胚主要色素的分子标记辅助选择。     

利用小麦RIL群体进行面粉蛋白质含量及其组分的QTL分析

小麦是全球重要的粮食作物之一,其中,蛋白质组分在小麦品质优劣中占重要作用。但是从分子水平研究小麦面粉蛋白质组分对小麦品质的影响较少,其中可用于分子标记辅助育种的标记更少。因此,本研究以糯麦1号(母本)和藁城8901(父本)构建的RIL群体为材料,在两年两点环境下进行了面粉蛋白质含量及其组分的QTL分析。结果表明,共检测到11个QTL加性效应位点,可解释表型变异率的4.23%~26.34%;共定位到上位性基因位点有22对,最大可解释表型变异的28.79%。其中,定位到影响醇溶蛋白含量的加性QTL位点1个,贡献率为25.6%。检测出3个控制谷蛋白含量的QTL加性效应位点,可解释谷蛋白变异的4.75%~26.34%。2对控制球蛋白含量的上位性QTL被检测到,分别可解释球蛋白变异的12.19%和14.63%。共7对影响醇溶蛋白含量的上位性QTL被检测到,可解释醇溶蛋白含量变异最大达25.64%。检测到影响谷蛋白含量的上位性QTL 8对,可解释谷蛋白含量变异最大达28.79%。检测到的主效QTL位点可用于分子标记辅助育种,为小麦品质性状方面的分子育种提供了参考。     

Quantitative trait loci associated with seed set under high temperature stress at the flowering stage in rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.)

High temperature stress (HTS), an increasingly important problem in rice production, significantly reduces rice yield by reducing seed set percentage (SSP). Breeding rice varieties with tolerance to HTS at the flowering stage is therefore essential for maintaining rice production as the climate continues to warm. In this study, two quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying tolerance to HTS were identified using the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the HTS-tolerant rice cultivar 996 and the sensitive cultivar 4628. SSP was used as the heat-tolerance indicator for the lines, which were subjected to HTS at the flowering stage in both field and growth chamber experiments. Two major QTL that affected SSP in both conditions were detected in the interval between RM5687 and RM471 on chromosome 4, and between RM6132 and RM6100 on chromosome 10. The QTL located on chromosome 4 explained 21.3% in field and 25.8% in growth chamber of the total phenotypic variation in SSP, and increased the SSP of plants subjected to HTS by 9.1% in field and by 9.3% in growth chamber. The second QTL located on chromosome 10 explained 11.5% in field and 11.6% in growth chamber of the total phenotypic variation in SSP, and increased the SSP of plants subjected to HTS by 7.2% in field and 7.0% in growth chamber. The positive additive effects of the two QTL were derived from the 996 alleles. The two major QTL identified in this study could be useful for further fine mapping and cloning of these genes and for molecular marker-aided breeding of heat-tolerant rice cultivars.     

一个水稻苗期耐冷性的主效QTL精细定位研究

苗期耐冷性是影响水稻生长发育的重要因素之一。此实验以低温导致叶片卷曲的卷曲度作为水稻苗期耐冷性指标,采用182个越光（粳型）/kasalath（籼型）//越光回交重组自交系（backcross recombinant inbred lines,BILs）和162个RFLP分子标记,对苗期耐冷性进行QTL（quantitative trait loci,QTL）定位分析。结果表明,BIL群体中苗期耐冷性均呈连续分布,属于数量性状遗传,并检测到4个控制苗期耐冷性的QTL,分布在第1、3、11、12染色体上,其贡献率为7.4%～21.9%,所有能增强耐冷性等位基因均来自越光;并在其目标区域内进一步设计分子引物把位于第12染色体上的主效qCTS-12定位在约77kb区域内。此研究结果及其检测到的QTLs两侧的连锁分子标记可为水稻苗期耐冷性分子育种以及相关基因克隆提供理论依据。     

不同生长环境下水稻结实率数量性状位点的检测

以籼稻密阳23与粳稻吉冷1号配制所获得的F_2:3群体200个家系作为作图群体，在北京、昆明、三亚、公主岭和韩国春川等5个点进行水稻结实率的鉴定，并利用SSR标记对水稻结实率数量性状位点进行检测。结果表明，水稻结实率表型值及其在F₃家系群中的分布以及所检测到的QTL数目因生长环境不同而有较大差异，说明QTL与环境有明显的互作效应。水稻结实率在F₃家系群中呈接近正态或偏态的连续分布，是多个基因所控制的数量性状。共检测到与水稻结实率相关的QTL 14个，分布于第1、2、3、4、6、7、8、10和12染色体上，对表型变异的贡献率为4.9%～15.3%。分别位于第1、2、6和12染色体RM1~RM259、RM263~RM6、RM340~RM30、RM270~RM17区间的qSSR1、qSSR2、qSSR6和qSSR12至少在2种生长环境下均检测到，对表型变异的贡献率分别为4.9%～8.4%、4.8%～7.2%、7.6%～10.7%和7.4%～10.4%。以上多数QTL增效等位基因均来自吉冷1号，基因作用方式主要为部分显性或显性或超显性。     

Identification of QTLs for rice grain size and shape of Iranian cultivars using SSR markers

Grain size is a main component of rice appearance quality. In this study, we performed the SSR mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain size (grain length and breadth) and shape (length/breadth ratio) using an F₂ population of a cross between two Iranian cultivars, Domsephid and Gerdeh, comprising of 192 individuals. A linkage map with 88 markers was constructed, which covered 1367.9 cM of the rice genome with an average distance of 18 cM between markers. Interval mapping procedure was used to identify the QTLs controlling three grain traits, and QTLs detected were further confirmed using composite interval mapping. A total of 11 intervals carrying 18 QTLs for three traits were identifed, that included five QTLs for grain length, seven QTLs for grain breadth, and six QTLs for grain shape. A major QTL for grain length was detected on chromosome 3, that explained 19.3% of the phenotypic variation. Two major QTLs for grain breadth were mapped on chromosomes 3 and 8, which explained 34.1% and 20% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Another two major QTLs were identified for grain shape on chromosomes 3 and 8, which accounted for 27.1% and 20.5% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The two QTLs that were mapped for grain shape coincided with the major QTLs detected for grain length and grain breadth. Intrestingly, gs2 QTL specific to grain shape was detected on chromosome 2 that explained 15% of the phenotypic variation.     

旱稻导入系碾磨品质和垩白粒率的QTL定位及其与土壤水分的互作分析

以优质水稻品种越富为遗传背景,具有旱稻品种IRAT109导入片段的271份导入系为材料,在水、旱田2个土壤水分环境下调查糙米率、精米率、整精米率和垩白粒率4个品质性状,研究旱田栽培对稻米品质性状的影响,进行QTL定位及基因型与环境的互作分析。结果表明,整精米率和垩白粒率易受土壤水分环境的影响,糙米率和精米率相对稳定。适当水分胁迫能提高稻米的整精米率,减少垩白粒率。利用混合线性模型,水、旱田条件下共检测到4个品质性状的10个加性QTL和2对上位性互作QTL,分别位于第3、4、7、8和9染色体。3个加性QTL (qMR9、qHMR7和qHMR9)和一对上位性互作QTL (qHMR3~qHMR9)的贡献率大于10%。7个QTL与前人研究结果相一致。第4染色体RM1112~RM1272和第9染色体RM1189~RM410是QTL集中分布的区域。根据不同性状对干旱胁迫的反应特点,分别选择水、旱田条件下贡献率大、稳定的QTL或者具有旱田特异性的QTL,进行标记辅助聚合育种是培育抗旱、优质稻的一个有效途径。     

籼稻资源WD15515中抗褐飞虱QTL的定位研究

褐飞虱是我国水稻生产上最严重的虫害之一, 培育和种植抗褐飞虱水稻品种是控制褐飞虱的有效途径。WD15515是一份高抗褐飞虱的籼稻种质资源。利用9311与WD15515杂交培育了F₂群体, 对F₂植株进行SSR分子标记分析, 测定植株上褐飞虱的蜜露分泌量、虫体增重量和增重比, 作为抗虫性指标。通过QTL IciMapping3.0进行作图分析, 在第2、第4、第9染色体上共检测到4个抗褐飞虱QTL。其中第2染色体上检测到2个QTL, 以蜜露分泌量检测到的qBph2-1位于SSR标记RM71~RM6911之间, LOD值为3.68, 表型贡献率为11.08%;以虫体增重量和增重比检测到的qBph2-2位于标记RM6911~RM521之间, LOD值分别为3.31、4.05, 表型贡献率分别为7.81%、9.38%。以蜜露分泌量、虫体增重量和增重比为指标在第4染色体上检测到qBph4, 定位于标记RM16996~RM17075之间, LOD值分别为11.11、13.81、15.41, 表型贡献率达到44.38%、45.24%、52.40%。同样, 以蜜露分泌量、虫体增重量和增重比在第9染色体上检测到qBph9, 定位于标记RM219~RM6444之间, LOD值分别为2.59、4.04、3.63, 表型贡献率分别为10.91%、12.39%、10.01%。上述结果表明, qBph4是一个抗褐飞虱主效基因。本项研究结果为抗褐飞虱水稻育种提供了新的基因资源。     

Quantitative trait loci for grain-quality traits across a rice F2 population and backcross inbred lines

Improving grain-quality is an important goal in rice breeding programs. One vital step is to find major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for quality related traits and then investigate the relationships among them. We crossed ‘N22’, an indica variety with good appearance but low grain weight, to a japonica variety, ‘Nanjing35’, with superior grain yield but poor appearance. This enabled us to construct an F₂ population and a set of backcross inbred lines (BILs) for QTL-mapping for the traits related grain appearance. In all, 37 QTLs were identified for grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain thickness (GT), thousand-grain weight (TGW), and the percentage of grains with chalkiness (PGWC). Of these, 17 QTLs detected from 184 plants in the F₂ population explained 4.97–27.26 % of the phenotypic variance, another 20 QTLs were identified using BILs from 2009 to 2010. Quantitative trait loci for major effects were detected in different populations and across years. A new QTL hot spot (marker interval RM504–RM520) was found on Chromosome 3, which harbored QTLs for GL, GW, GT, and TGW. Among our five examined traits, grain shape was significantly correlated with TGW and PGWC. The PGWC values of two heavier grains BILs, L93, and L145 are much lower than Nanjiing35, the analysis of genotype showed that this greater weight may due to the locus for GL occurring within RM504–RM520 on Chromosome 3. Therefore, those two lines will allow us to develop a long-grain high-yield rice variety with less chalkiness.     

控制普通野生稻种子休眠性QTL的定位

水稻种子休眠性是关系到稻米品质和稻种质量的一个重要农艺性状。研究水稻种子休眠性遗传及分子机制对培育具有适度休眠性的优良水稻品种具有重要意义。本研究以籼稻品种9311为受体、普通野生稻为供体的染色体片段置换系群体为材料,在后熟不同时间检测群体种子休眠性,对控制种子休眠性的QTL进行定位分析,共定位到14个QTL,分布在第3、第4、第5、第6、第7、第10、第11、第12染色体上。筛选休眠性显著强于背景亲本9311的家系,分析这些家系携带的QTL数目,表明携带的位点越多,休眠性越强。进一步利用家系Q14与9311的F2群体验证了第7染色体标记RM180和RM21323之间存在一个效应较大的QTL qSD-7-2,该位点LOD值为18.49,可解释的表型变异率为33.53%,表明该位点是一个控制普通野生稻种子休眠性的主效QTL,且能稳定遗传。本研究为野生稻种子休眠基因的精细定位及克隆奠定了基础,且为培育强休眠性籼稻品种提供了育种材料。     

Further QTL mapping for yield component traits using introgression lines in rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.) under drought field environments

To better understand the underlying mechanisms of agronomic traits related to drought resistance and discover candidate genes or chromosome segments for drought-tolerant rice breeding, a fundamental introgression population, BC₃, derived from the backcross of local upland rice cv. Haogelao (donor parent) and super yield lowland rice cv. Shennong265 (recurrent parent) had been constructed before 2006. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping results using 180 and 94 BC₃F_6,7 rice introgression lines (ILs) with 187 and 130 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for agronomy and physiology traits under drought in the field have been reported in 2009 and 2012, respectively. In this report, we conducted further QTL mapping for grain yield component traits under water-stressed (WS) and well-watered (WW) field conditions during 3 years (2012, 2013 and 2014). We used 62 SSR markers, 41 of which were newly screened, and 492 BC₄F_2,4 core lines derived from the fourth backcross between D123, an elite drought-tolerant IL (BC₃F₇), and Shennong265. Under WS conditions, a total of 19 QTLs were detected, all of which were associated with the new SSRs. Each QTL was only identified in 1 year and one site except for qPL-12-1 and qPL-5, which additively increased panicle length under drought stress. qPL-12-1 was detected in 2013 between new marker RM1337 and old marker RM3455 (34.39 cM) and was a major QTL with high reliability and 15.36% phenotypic variance. qPL-5 was a minor QTL detected in 2013 and 2014 between new marker RM5693 and old marker RM3476. Two QTLs for plant height (qPHL-3-1 and qPHP-12) were detected under both WS and WW conditions in 1 year and one site. qPHL-3-1, a major QTL from Shennong265 for decreasing plant height of leaf located on chromosome 3 between two new markers, explained 22.57% of phenotypic variation with high reliability under WS conditions. On the contrary, qPHP-12 was a minor QTL for increasing plant height of panicle from Haogelao on chromosome 12. Except for these two QTLs, all other 17 QTLs mapped under WS conditions were not mapped under WW conditions; thus, they were all related to drought tolerance. Thirteen QTLs mapped from Haogelao under WS conditions showed improved drought tolerance. However, a major QTL for delayed heading date from Shennong265, qDHD-12, enhanced drought tolerance, was located on chromosome 12 between new marker RM1337 and old marker RM3455 (11.11 cM), explained 21.84% of phenotypic variance and showed a negative additive effect (shortening delay days under WS compared with WW). Importantly, chromosome 12 was enriched with seven QTLs, five of which, including major qDHD-12, congregated near new marker RM1337. In addition, four of the seven QTLs improved drought resistance and were located between RM1337 and RM3455, including three minor QTLs from Haogelao for thousand kernel weight, tiller number and panicle length, respectively, and the major QTL qDHD-12 from Shennong265. These results strongly suggested that the newly screened RM1337 marker may be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in drought-tolerant rice breeding and that there is a pleiotropic gene or cluster of genes linked to drought tolerance. Another major QTL (qTKW-1-2) for increasing thousand kernel weight from Haogelao was also identified under WW conditions. These results are helpful for MAS in rice breeding and drought-resistant gene cloning.     

一个新的水稻花粉半不育性位点的定位分析

利用一套以籼稻珍汕97B为背景的粳稻日本晴染色体片段代换系,鉴定发现1个半不育的代换系。全基因组基因型分析表明,该代换系仅含3个粳稻导入片段,而其他遗传背景与珍汕97B相同。在湖北武汉和海南分别种植其衍生的F₂和F₃分离群体,采用单标记分析和区间作图法分析花粉育性和小穗育性的数量性状位点(QTL),结果表明,该代换系的半不育性是第2染色体上的粳稻导入片段引起的,该片段RM262~RM475区间存在1个新的影响花粉育性的QTL,其贡献率为13.9%。研究结果将为进一步精细定位水稻育性QTL以及鉴定相关功能基因提供重要的试验基础。