太湖地区不同土壤-森林生态系统中林木生长对微量元素的反应及反馈效应

Vector analysis technique and ecological sequential comparison methods were adopted to study tree growth response to the micronutrients,B,Mo,Cu,Zn,Fe,and Mn,in soils derived from various parent materials in the forest area of Tailhu Lake region in southeast China,The results showed that the dry weight of individual current-year needle of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) grown on the soil derived from granite parent rock was increased by 8% and 13% in comparison with that grown on the soils derived from sandstone and ash-tuff parent rock,respectively.And such dry weight of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) grown on the soil derived from sandstone parent rock was increased by 21% in comparison with that on the soil derived from ash-tuff parent rock.One of the reasons for those results was that micronutrients content in the soil derived from ash-tuff parent rock were not sufficient to meet the requirement of the growth of Chinese fir and loblolly pine ,i.e.,micronutrients in soil were deficient and/or induced defiient.The amounts of Cu,Zn,Fe,and Mn uptake by Chinses fir and loblolly pine were in agreement with the contents of available micronutrients in soil respectively,except for B and Mo.Meanwhile,there might exist and “antagonism“ between the uptake of B versus Mo by trees,although more studies are needed to confirm it .Regression analysis indicated that amount of a soil available micronutrient was correlated to the type of parent material and its total amount in the forest floor, except for B.The F test identified that the correlation of each equation reached the significant level to different extents,respectively,The t test confirmed that amount of available forms was mainly depended on the type of parent material for Mo,Cu,Zn and Mn but on the forest floor for ,Fe,There was a feedback effect of forest stand on the amount of soil available micronutrients.The ability of accumulating available micronutrients in soil was better by the sawtooth oak(Quercus acutissima) stand than by the Chinese fir stand (except for B).The ability of accumulating available Zn,Fe,Mn and Mo in soil was better by the Chinese fir stand than by the loblolly pine stand ,while as for available B and Cu,by the latter was better than by the former,When discussing the efect of forest stand on the amount of soil available micronutrients,not only the amount of micronutrient in the forest floor and the parent materials but also the amount of micronutrient taken up by current-year needles have to be considered.     

长江中游农田土壤微量养分空间分布特征

为了更好地掌握长江中游土壤肥力状况,运用地统计学和Arc GIS技术相结合的方法,对湖北、湖南、江西三省41 943个土壤样品的微量养分(铁Fe、锰Mn、铜Cu、锌Zn、硼B)含量的分布特征和空间变异进行研究。结果表明,长江中游土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B的平均含量分别为88.0、27.2、3.05、1.71、0.41 mg kg-1。空间分布特征表现为Fe、Mn均以江汉平原区较低,Zn以湖南省较低,Cu、B空间分布较为不均;与第二次土壤普查结果相比,土壤微量养分含量均有所提高,其中Fe、Mn、Cu含量为缺乏或严重缺乏的面积比例分别降至0.1%、2.2%和0.1%,而Zn和B分别为30.8%和17.7%。不同的土地利用类型、土壤类型和成土母质对土壤微量养分均有不同程度的影响。随着微量养分在农业生产中的贡献越来越突出,亟须根据土壤微量养分的分布特征进行分区管理。     

甘肃省武威地区灌漠土微量元素的空间变异特征

用经典统计学与地统计学方法相结合,研究了甘肃省武威灌漠土耕层土样中B、Cu、Fe、Mn及Zn等5种微量元素有效含量的空间变异特征。结果表明:①99.17%土样缺乏有效Zn,93.33%的土样缺乏有效Fe。描述性统计所得变异系数在13.32%(有效Mn)~42.54%(有效B)之间。②球状模型和指数模型为土壤微量元素的最佳拟合模型,各元素的块金值、最大相关距及块金值与基台值之比C0/(C0+C)分别在0.001~0.429、192m~477m及0.126%~26.459%(有效B)之间。土壤微量元素含量的分形维数在1.804~1.947之间,土壤B的分形维数最低。③表征土壤微量元素空间变异的参数如变异系数、C0/(C0+C)及分形维数D之间均有一定的相关关系。④Kriging插值结果显示人为因素等表生作用对土壤有效B含量的空间分布影响较大,土壤Cu、Mn、Zn及Fe含量的空间分布则主要由成土母质与地形所决定。     

Micro nutrient toxicity in French marigold

The influence of elevated levels of micronutrients on the growth and flowering of French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) was investigated. Plants were grown with nutrient solution containing 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 mM boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), or zinc (Zn) and toxicity development was monitored. The threshold micronutrient concentrations that induced visible foliar toxicity symptoms were 0.5 mM B, 4 mM Cu, 4 mM Fe, 2 mM Mn, 1 mM Mo, and 5 mM Zn. The dry matter yields during the 5 week experimental period were reduced when micronutrient concentrations exceeded 0.5 mM B, 3 mM Cu, 3 mM Fe, 6 mM Mn, 0.5 mM Mo, and 5 mM Zn in the fertilizer solution. Leaf chlorophyll contents decreased when the nutrient solution concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Mn were greater than 0.5 mM, 3 mM, and 2 mM, respectively. Visual toxicity symptoms of the six micronutrients were characterized.     

Spatial Distribution and Management Zones for Sulphur and Micronutrients in Shiwalik Himalayan Region of India

Agricultural land degradation due to nutrient deficiencies is a threat to agricultural sustainability. As nutrients availability is influenced by soil heterogeneity, climatic conditions and anthropogenic activities; hence, delineation of nutrient management zones (MZs) based on spatial variability could be an effective management option at regional scale. Thus, the present study was carried out to delineate MZs in the Shiwalik Himalayan region of India by capturing spatial variability of soil properties and secondary and micronutrients status because of the emerging nutrient deficiencies. For the study, a total of 2575 geo‐referenced representative surface (0–15 cm depth) soil samples were collected from the study region covering an area of 53,483 km². The soils were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon, available sulphur (S) and micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, B and Mo) concentrations. There was a wide variation in soil properties with coefficient of variation values of 14 (for pH) to 86% for available Mo. Geostatistical analysis revealed spherical, Gaussian, exponential, stable, circular and K‐Bessel best‐fit models for soil properties. Most of the soil properties were having moderate spatial dependence except soil pH and S (strong spatial dependence) and Zn (weak spatial dependence). About 49%, 10%, 2%, 13%, 11%, 12% and 8% area of the study region were found to be deficient (including acute and marginal deficiency) in S, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, B and Mo, respectively. The principal component analysis and fuzzy c‐mean clustering were performed to develop the MZs. Four principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 and accounting 65·4% of total variance were retained for further analysis. On the basis of fuzzy performance index and normalized classification entropy, four potential MZs were identified. Analysis of variance confirmed the heterogeneity in most of the studied soil properties among the MZs. The study indicated that the methodology of delineating MZs can be effectively used in site‐specific S and micronutrients management in the Shiwalik Himalayan region of India. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Changes in soil properties and the availability of soil micronutrients after 18 years of cropping and fertilization

Micronutrient deficiencies are common in many parts of China's Loess Plateau. The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of long-term cropping and fertilization practices on soil properties and micronutrient availability in this region. The field plot experiment began in 1984. It included five cropping systems and four fertilizer treatments. In September 2002, soil samples were collected and soil pH, organic matter content, available P, and CaCO₃ were measured. Total and available Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe were also determined. The relationship between soil properties and available micronutrients was determined by correlation and path analysis. After 18 years, soil pH and CaCO₃ levels were lower in the cropped and fertilized treatments compared to the fallow treatment. In contrast, soil organic matter and available P levels were higher in cropped compared to fallow treatments. A comparison of unfertilized treatments indicated that available Zn and Cu levels in cropped treatments were lower compared to the fallow treatment, probably due to the removal of these micronutrients from the system through crop uptake and harvest. In contrast, available Mn and Fe levels were higher in cropped treatments compared to the fallow treatment. The impacts of fertilization on available micronutrients varied with cropping systems. Generally, available Zn and Fe were higher in fertilized compared to unfertilized treatments, but available Cu was not significantly influenced by fertilization. Fertilization tended to increase available Mn in continuous wheat and maize, but reduced available Mn in continuous clover and the crop–legume rotation. The total (plant available + unavailable) micronutrient contents were lower in the four cropped-treatments compared to the fallow treatment. The addition of manure or P fertilizer increased total Zn, Fe, and Mn, but had no significant effect on total Cu. The results of correlation analysis and path analysis indicated that soil organic matter exerts a significant and direct effect on the availability of Zn, Mn, and Fe, but has little influence on available Cu. The effects of available P, CaCO₃, and pH on micronutrient availability were indirect, passing through soil organic matter. The results of this study suggest that long-term cropping and fertilization altered several important soil properties and increased the plant available micronutrient content of this loess-derived soil.     

稻米和土壤微量元素的空间变异

Consumption of rice is the main source of micronutrients to human in Asia. A paddy field with unknown anthropogenic contamination in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, China was selected to characterize the spatial variability and distribution of micronutrients in rice grain and soil. A total of 96 paired soil and rice grain samples were collected at harvest. The micronutrients in the soil samples were extracted by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). The mean micronutrient concentrations in rice grain were 3.85 μg Cu g-1, 11.6 μg Fe g-1, 39.7 μg Mn g-1, and 26.0 μg Zn g-1. The mean concentrations were 2.54 μg g-1 for DTPA-Cu, 133.5 μg g-1 for DTPA-Fe, 30.6 μg g-1 for DTPA-Mn, and 0.84 μg g-1 for DTPA-Zn. Semivariograms showed that measured micronutrients in rice grain were moderately dependent, with a range distance of about 110 m. The concentrations of the DTPA-extractable micronutrients all displayed strong spatial dependency, with a range distance of about 60 m. There was some resemblance of spatial structure between soil pH and the grain Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. By analogy, similar spatial variation was observed between soil organic matter (SOM) and DTPA-extractable micronutrients in the soil. Kriging estimated maps of the attributes showed the spatial distributions of the variables in the field, which is beneficial for better understanding the spatial variation of micronutrients and for potentially refining agricultural management practices at a field scale.     

Soil micronutrient availability to crops as affected by long-term inorganic and organic fertilizer applications

Micronutrient status in soils and crops can be affected by different fertilization practices during a long-term field experiment. This paper investigated the effects of different fertilization treatments on total and DTPA-extractable micronutrients in soils and micronutrients in crops after 16 year fertilization experiments in Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China. The treatments of the long-term experiment included combinations of various rates of N, P and K in addition to two rates of organic fertilizer (OF) treatments. Winter wheat and summer maize were planted annually. Soil macro- and micronutrients along with pH and organic matter (OM) were analyzed. Grains and above ground parts of both crops in the final year were harvested and analyzed for Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn. The results showed that soil Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations did not change among the different treatments to a significant level, except for a slight decrease of soil Zn in the CK (no fertilizer application) compared to the OF treatment. The DTPA-extractable soil Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations increased from 0.41 to 1.08 mg kg⁻¹, from 10.3 to 17.7 mg kg⁻¹, and from 9.7 to 11.8 mg kg⁻¹, respectively, with increasing soil OM content, thus showing the importance of soil OM in micronutrient availability for crops. The NPK treatment also had higher DTPA-extractable micronutrient concentrations in soil. Deficiency of N or P resulted in a low yield but high micronutrient concentrations in crops except Cu in maize stalks. Higher available soil P significantly decreased crop micronutrients, possibly because of their precipitation as metal phosphates. Maize stalks contained higher concentrations of micronutrients than those of wheat straw, whereas wheat grain had higher micronutrients than those of corn grain. The transfer coefficients (TCs) of micronutrients from straw to grain were significantly different between winter wheat (1.63–2.52 for Cu; 2.31–3.82 for Zn; no change for Fe; 0.55–0.84 for Mn) and summer maize (0.24–0.50 for Cu; 0.50–1.21 for Zn; 0.02–0.04 for Fe; 0.07–0.10 for Mn). In conclusion, application of organic matter significantly increased the DTPA-extractable concentrations of Zn, Fe and Mn compared to the CK, grain and vegetative tissue in the CK and NK had higher micronutrient concentrations than those in other treatments.     

Application of micronutrients alone or with macronutrient fertilizers

Abstract

Micronutrients are applied alone to soils or with macronutrient fertilizers. Foliar application of Fe and other micronutrients is also practiced, and Mo is usually applied as a seed treatment. Since the soil application rates of B, Cu, Mn, and Zn are low, they are usually applied with macronutrient fertilizers by incorporation during the manufacturing process, bulk blending with or coating onto granular fertilizers, or with fluid fertilizers.

Chemical reactions between the micronutrient source and the macronutrient fertilizer may occur in the manufacturing process, in storage, or after soil application. These reaction products may vary widely, so care must be taken in selecting and processing micronutrient sources and macronutrient carriers so the resulting products will be available to plants. In general, plant availability of B sources is not affected during reaction. Care must be taken to apply boronated fertilizers uniformly and to avoid excessive rates, because the range between B deficiency and toxicity is very narrow. Crop response to Cu, Mn, and Zn varies with the micronutrient rate and source, macronutrient carrier, and method of application.     

Micronutrient responsiveness of cauliflower,okra, and rice in a pattern in piedmont soil

Soil micronutrients have different degrees of residual effect to crops; again crops differ in their sensitivity to micronutrient requirement. Evaluation of residual effects of micronutrient application to cauliflower, okra, and transplant aman rice in a pattern was studied in piedmont soil of Bangladesh. In this study, seven treatment combinations including a control treatment were tested, and the treatments were designed taking the micronutrients following the additive element trial technique. The rates of micronutrients were 3 kg zinc (Zn), 2 kg boron (B), 2 kg Cu, 3 kg manganese (Mn), 5 kg iron (Fe), and 1 kg molybdenum (Mo) per hectare. Both Zn and B were found responsive for the first crop. As second crop, okra responded to both residual Zn and B, whereas in the third crop, residual effects of only Zn were reported. Zn fertilizer need not to apply in each crop of a cropping pattern.     

广元植烟土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征及影响因素

为揭示广元植烟区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异特征及影响因素,采用地统计学、相关分析及回归分析等研究方法,结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术对研究区土壤有效铁、锰、铜、锌钼及硼等6种土壤有效态微量元素进行分析。结果表明,研究区土壤有效铁、锰及铜含量丰富,总体处于中等以上水平;有效钼含量适中;有效锌和硼缺乏,总体处于缺乏或极度缺乏水平。半方差分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素块金系数均在29.72%~67.59%之间,具有中等强度的空间自相关性,其空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响。空间分布上,土壤有效铁、锰、铜及钼含量表现出北高南低的空间分布趋势,土壤有效锌和硼含量呈现出西高东低的空间分布格局。影响因素分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素与土壤有机质呈正相关,与p H值呈负相关,相关性总体高于地形因子。土壤有机质对有效铁、铜、锌及硼有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.5%~27.2%。除有效锌外,土壤p H值对其余5种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异均有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.0%~30.4%。土类对土壤有效铁、锰及铜有极显著影响,其空间变异性8.4%~12.3%。熟制和种植制度对6种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异的影响较弱,进一步说明研究区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响,但结构性因素的作用强于随机性因素。本研究结果为广元植烟区土壤微肥施肥管理及优质烤烟栽培提供了可靠的参考依据。     

湖州市土壤微量元素含量与有效性评价

本文研究了湖州地区水稻土、红壤和潮土三种主要土壤类型的土壤微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、和Mo的有效态含量,并对各微量元素的有效态含量满足作物生长需要的状况进行评价。结果表明:湖州市土壤大面积缺钼,部分土壤缺锰、硼,而土壤有效态铜、锌含量比较丰富,土壤有效铁含量则极其丰富。最后对该市水稻土、红壤和潮土三种主要土壤类型的土壤微量元素含量与成土母质、pH、土壤有机碳之间的关系进行分析研究。     

湘北丘岗地区红壤和水稻土微量元素的有效性研究

本文对湘北丘岗区土壤微量元素Cu、Zn、B、Mo、Mn和Fe的有效性进行了研究 .结果表明 ,该区大面积土壤缺Zn、缺B ,也有部分土壤缺Cu和Mo,而有效Mn含量较为丰富 .微量元素有效性与成土母质的关系极为密切 ,土壤 pH、有机质含量及土壤质地也是影响微量元素有效性的重要因素     

土壤微量元素含量及其影响因素的研究

论述了临沂市土壤中硼、锌、锰、铜、铁等5种主要微量元素的状况与其它因素的关系。有效硼含量0.09~3.67 mg/kg,平均0.35 mg/kg;有效锰22~572 mg/kg,平均244 mg/kg;有效锌0.15~4.02 mg/kg,平均0.53 mg/kg;有效铜0.09~5.78 mg/kg,,平均1.03 mg/kg;有效铁3.2~162 mg/kg,平均21.5 mg/kg;有效锰2.0~131.4 mg/kg,平均23.4 mg/kg。不同土壤类型的以上5种微量元素有明显差异,其特征是砂姜黑土缺锌,棕壤、水稻土富含铁、铜、锰、锌;成土母质是影响土壤微量元素的重要因素之一,发育在基性岩上的土壤一般含量较高,而由红土母质发育的土壤则含量较低。土壤有机质含量与土壤微量元素有明显正相关关系,其中速效锌、速效硼和速效铜与有机质的关系尤为显著。     

重庆市植烟土壤有效态微量元素含量评价

对重庆市14个县(区)的334个植烟土壤样品的有效态微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B和Mo的含量状况和分布特征进行分析,结果表明,重庆市20%以上植烟土壤缺Mo、Zn,75%以上土壤缺B,有效铁、锰含量较丰富,有效铜极丰富。有效铁、锰、铜、锌含量均与土壤pH值呈负相关关系,有效钼含量与土壤pH值呈正相关关系,有效硼含量在pH<7.0时随pH的增加而增加,但在pH>7.0时含量下降。植烟土壤中有效铁和有效铜含量与有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系,而有效锰、硼和钼与有机质无明显相关性。     

Micronutrient toxicity in buffalograss

The growth responses of buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] to elevated micronutrient levels in the fertilizer solution were investigated. Seedling plants established in peat‐lite mix in 11‐cm (0.6 L) pots in the greenhouse were irrigated with solutions containing 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12 mM of boron (B), chlorine (Cl), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), or zinc (Zn). The control solution contained (in μM): 20 B, 0.5 Cu, 40 Fe, 10 Mn, 0.5 Mo, and 4 Zn. A standard macronutrient concentration was used for all treatment solutions. Boron and Mo induced visual toxicity symptoms more readily than other micronutrients. Boron toxicity was characterized by chlorosis often accompanied by bleached leaf tips, while Mo toxicity resulted in leaf necrosis. The lowest levels that induced visual foliar toxicity were 0.5 mM B, 2 mM Cu, 4 mM Fe, 6 mM Mn, 1 mM Mo, and 4 mM Zn. Chloride did not induce foliar abnormalities in the concentration range tested. Biomass yield was reduced when the nutrient solution contained 2 mM B, 6 mM Cu, or 2 mM Mo. Elevated levels of Cl, Fe, Mn, and Zn did not alter dry matter yield. The relationship between the nutrient and tissue concentrations was determined for each microelement.     

Requirement of Micronutrients by Lowland Rice

Lowland or flooded rice is mainly responsible for about 76% of total rice production at global level, yet information on micronutrient requirements for this crop is limited. Six greenhouse experiments were conducted at the National Rice and Bean Research Center of EMBRAPA, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil, to determine requirements of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) for lowland rice grown on a Brazilian Inceptisol. The levels of micronutrients used were Zn (0, 10 20, 40, and 80 mg kg^?1), Cu (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg kg^?1), B (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg kg^?1), Mo (0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg kg^?1), Mn (0, 50, 100, 300, and 600 mg kg^?1), and Fe (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg^?1). Grain yield was significantly increased in a quadratic fashion with the addition of Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Mn, and Fe. The adequate rates of micronutrients for maximum grain yield were Zn 33 mg kg^?1, Cu 25 mg kg^?1, B 26 mg kg^?1, Mo 10 mg kg^?1, Mn 250 mg kg^?1, and Fe 1269 mg kg^?1. In addition to grain yield, plant height, straw yield, panicle density, and root growth of lowland rice were also improved with the addition of most of these micronutrients. Improvement in root growth has special significance in improving nutrient-use efficiency under nutrient-stress conditions. Micronutrient-use efficiency (grain yield per unit nutrient applied) was in the order of Cu > Zn > Mn > Fe > Mo > B.     

Micronutrients distribution in salt-affected soils of the Punjab in relation to soil properties

Salt-affected soils in arid and semi-arid tracts of the Indian Punjab are prone to deficiency of micronutrients. Nine profiles from alluvial terraces, sand dunes and palaeochannels in the southwestern Punjab were investigated for total and diethylenetriamine-penta-acetic acid (DTPA) extractable Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe. Soil physiography exerted significant influence on the spatial distribution of micronutrients. Total contents varied from 20–78 for Zn, 8–32 for Cu, and 88–466 mg kg^?1 for Mn and 0.82–2.53% for Fe. DTPA-extractable contents varied from 0.10–0.98 for Zn, 0.14–1.02 for Cu, 0.54–13.02 for Fe and 0.82–9.4 mg kg^?1 for Mn. Total contents were higher in fine-textured soil than in coarse-textured soils. Concentration of micronutrients in the surface layer was low and there occurred more accumulation in the Cambic horizon. Organic carbon, pH, clay, silt and calcium carbonate exerted strong influence on the distribution of micronutrients. DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe increased with increasing organic carbon but decreased with increase in pH and calcium carbonate content. Total micronutrient contents increased with increase in clay, silt and calcium carbonate contents and decreased with increase in sand content.     

长期施肥对潮土耕层土壤和作物籽粒微量元素动态的影响

Micronutrient status in soils can be affected by long-term fertilization and intensive cropping.A 19-year experiment (1990-2008) was carried out to investigate the influence of different fertilization regimes on micronutrients in an Aquic Inceptisol and maize and wheat grains in Zhengzhou,China.The results showed that soil total Cu and Zn markedly declined after 19 years with application of N fertilizer alone.Soil total Fe and Mn were significantly increased mainly due to atmospheric deposition.Applications...     

长期不同施肥对南方黄泥田水稻子粒与土壤锌、 硼、 铜、 铁、 锰含量的影响

在福建黄泥田长期定位施肥试验的第26年,研究了不同施肥模式对水稻子粒与土壤微量元素含量的影响。结果表明,与不施肥（CK）相比,化肥+牛粪（NPKM）、 化肥+秸秆还田（NPKS）及单施化肥（NPK）处理的水稻子粒Zn、 B、 Cu含量均有不同程度的提高,并尤以NPKM处理最为明显,三种微量元素含量分别提高14.3%、 25.1%、 465.2%,均达差异显著水平。NPKM与NPKS处理还不同程度地提高了子粒Mn含量,但各施肥处理的子粒Fe含量均显著降低。各施肥处理尤其是NPKM与NPKS均显著提高了子粒微量元素吸收量。NPK处理的土壤有效B、 Fe、 Zn、 Cu含量与CK相比均呈下降趋势,且有效Zn、 Mn含量较试验前土壤分别降低了36.4%与24.6%,而NPKM与NPKS处理缓解了下降趋势,且NPKM处理的土壤有效Zn、 B、 Mn含量分别较CK提高46.6%、 52.0%、 43.0%,均达差异显著水平。土壤有机质与子粒B、 Cu、 Zn含量呈显著正相关,子粒必需氨基酸、 粗蛋白与子粒Zn含量呈显著正相关。以上结果说明,长期化肥配施牛粪或秸秆还田有利于提高水稻子粒Zn、 B、 Cu等微量元素含量和产量,改善子粒营养品质,一定程度上又可缓解土壤有效微量元素含量的下降,是适合南方黄泥田的施肥模式。