共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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北京市山区小流域主沟道水文地貌调查与分级 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以北京山区小流域主沟道为研究对象,研究小流域主沟道水文地貌调查要素及分级方法.以沟道河床、河岸及缓冲带、河滩地、河流整体为主要调查与评价因子,将北京山区小流域主沟道水文地貌划分为极好(Ⅰ级)、好(Ⅱ级)、中等(Ⅲ级)、差(Ⅳ级)、极差(Ⅴ级)5个等级,并对开展水文地貌修复工程的7条小流域和全市567小流域主沟道进行分级,结果表明:全市山区567条小流域,调查主沟道总长度为4 258 km,属于Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级的沟段长度比例分别为64.85%、14.02%、9.56%、8.76%和2.81%,其中Ⅱ级及以上的沟段长度占到总长的78.87%.研究成果将为北京市及全国河流水文地貌生态修复、生态清洁小流域建设提供重要参考. 相似文献
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[目的]对地形复杂区小流域划分方法进行研究,为区域生态小流域建设、规划等提供基础数据。[方法]以湖北省为例,其地形涵盖山地、丘陵和平原,且多河流、湖泊分布。首先基于DEM自动提取全省小流域,然后辅助沟道、遥感影像、居民点数据人工修正山区小流域,在平原区采用高精度水系替代常规沟道进行人工修正,并对适宜集流阈值、小流域面积频率、精度以及河网密度进行分析。[结果]湖北省共划分小流域5 806条,面积在30~50km2的占60%,且划分精度高;面积小于20km2划分精度低,在平原区分布密集;总体上,山区小流域的划分精度高于平原区,但其小流域平均河网密度低于平原区。[结论]对任何地形进行小流域划分,都必须使用人机交互修正,才能获得较好的结果;平原区小流域自动划分的精度低于山区,需辅助高精度水系资料进行修正才能提高精度。 相似文献
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基于DEM的流域降雨径流模拟研究--以三峡库区晏家河小流域为例 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
DEM是目前用于流域地形分析的主要数据,在流域地形分析及水系构建等方面形成了比较成熟的算法。基于DEM的水文模拟技术的应用给传统的水文模拟方法带来了根本性的变化。以三峡库区晏家河小流域为例,应用最新引进的WMS专业水文处理软件,结合Arc/Info,ArcView地理信息系统工具,在1∶1万DEM基础上生成河网水系,确定流域边界并进行子流域的划分。在生成数字流域的基础上,采用WMS嵌入的HEC-1模型进行降雨径流模拟研究。 相似文献
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Suyundukov Ya. T. Suyundukova M. B. Bezuglova O. S. Khabirov I. K. Khasanova R. F. Semenova I. N. Rafikova Yu. S. Ilbulova G. R. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(1):27-35
Eurasian Soil Science - The results of the study of the properties of urban soils of the city of Sibay located in the mining region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. A specific... 相似文献
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Kholodov V. A. Farkhodov Y. R. Yaroslavtseva N. V. Ziganshina A. R. Maksimovich S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(7):998-1004
Eurasian Soil Science - Layers were step-by-step removed from macroaggregates (2–1 mm in diameter) of Protocalcic Chernozems via successive abrasion in a revolving rotator during 5, 10, 15,... 相似文献
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姬松茸多糖提取工艺的优化 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对姬松茸子实体多糖提取的工艺条件中的多糖提取温度、提取时间、浸提液pH值3因子的最优化组合问题进行了定量研究,建立了具有良好预测性能的姬松茸多糖提取条件的模型,并利用回归模型对工艺条件的最优化组合,对各单因子要素的多糖得率及其交互作用进行了探讨。试验表明,当浸提温度为100℃、浸提时间为3h、浸提液pH值为6.3时多糖得率处于较高水平 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):1631-1646
Abstract Brazil has approximately 30 million hectares of lowland areas, known locally as “Varzea,”; distributed throughout the country. Soils in these areas have the potential to support agricultural production, but very little is known about their fertility. The current experiment was undertaken to characterize the chemical and physical properties of representative “Varzea”; soils collected at 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm depth intervals from 23 sites in Goias State of Brazil. Organic matter contents averaged 42 g/kg in the surface 20 cm of soil and should make a significant contribution to overall nutrient availability. Soil pH increased slightly with depth from a mean value of 5.2 in the surface 20 cm of soil to a mean value of 5.4 in the 60–80 cm depth interval. Several soils had exchangeable Al values ≥ 1.0 cmol Al/kg, but soil Al saturation was generally less than the 60% level frequently associated with Al toxicity. However, cereal and legume production could benefit from lime addition in many of these soils. Although base saturation was fairly low in some soils, exchangeable Ca and Mg levels were, in general, adequate throughout the profile. Extractable P levels were adequate in most surface soil samples. Extractable K levels in these soils were generally low, and the application of K fertilizers should be beneficial, especially in conjunction with lime addition. The high clay content “Varzea”; soils of the Brazilian lowlands have some drainage problems but generally exhibit favorable chemical properties for crop production when compared to soils of the well‐drained Cerrados. 相似文献
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Ye. V. Rogozhina N. V. Kostina L. S. Malyukova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2011,66(1):32-35
An estimation of potential nitrogen-fixing activity of various soil types under agrophytocenoses of tea, filbert, peach, and
pawpaw which grow in the area of Greater Sochi is given. High indicators of nitrogen fixation activity in the soil in the
course of vegetation were characteristic of agrocenoses of pawpaw, peach, and filbert. The lowest level of nitrogen fixation
was noted in the soil of a tea plantation. A negative correlation dependence of potential nitrogen-fixing activity on the
acidity of the soil solution was established. A study of the seasonal dynamics of the activity of nitrogen fixation of soils
of agrocenoses of the subtropical zone of Russia made it possible to distinguish a less active winter and more active spring-summer-autumn
periods. 相似文献
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植物恢复措施对鸡西矿区废弃地土壤养分的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以黑龙江省鸡西市矿区废弃地为研究区,对不同矿区废弃地的土壤养分元素进行含量分析。结果表明:应用植物恢复措施后的基质土壤各养分指标绝大多数要大大高于原废弃地土壤和经过自然恢复的土壤,说明该措施对石墨尾矿、矸石发电厂粉煤灰废弃地和平排矸石山土壤养分改善效果明显;其中石墨尾矿除全磷外,各种养分指标与林地土壤差距较大,而旱柳对石墨尾矿土壤的改善效果最好,其有机质含量为37.28g/kg,是残渣的2.6倍;种植大果沙棘对粉煤灰废弃地土壤养分的积累效果明显,有机质含量为48.25g/kg,是残渣的1.5倍;植物恢复措施使平排矸石山的土壤养分积累速度加快,已接近林地,混交种植兴安落叶松和家榆总体恢复效果最好,有机质含量分别为193.42和151.46g/kg,是自然恢复条件下的8.9和7倍。建议引入优势种群(如松科等)以加快演替速度,使矿区废弃地更快地恢复到原始状态。 相似文献