二郎山山地鸡SD02和SD03品系一世代产蛋率曲线比较分析

为了研究二郎山山地鸡的产蛋规律,试验以二郎山山地鸡SD02与SD03品系一世代300日龄产蛋量建立产蛋曲线,并采用伍德模型、分室模型与杨宁模型对两品系进行产蛋率曲线拟合,然后对实际产蛋率曲线进行分析。结果表明:品系SD03的产蛋性能优于SD02。经过拟合分析,SD02品系的伍德模型、分室模型、杨宁模型的拟合度(R2值)分别是0.811 7,0.906 2,0.967 7,SD03品系拟合度分别是0.796 9,0.910 2,0.954 8;杨宁模型拟合效果最佳。     

乌骨鸡新品系产蛋性能选育效果及相关分析

本文统计和分析了丝羽乌骨鸡新品系四个世代的产蛋性状,采用SAS系统中GLM模型进行冬世代间产蛋性能的多重比较,用Excel软件描绘了父母系各世代产蛋曲线,并在各开产性状间进行了相关分析。结果表明,各产蛋性状各世代间大部分差异显著;开产日龄与开产体重和开产蛋重呈极显著表型正相关(0.39565,0.19906),与300日龄产蛋量呈极显著负相关(-0.24193);开产体重与开产蛋重呈极显著正相关(0.28654),与300日龄产蛋量和300日龄蛋重呈极显著负相关(-0.64308,-0.28698);开产蛋重与300日龄产蛋量呈极显著负相关(-0.64308)。开产日龄是影响产蛋性能的一个重要因素。     

禽白血病对如皋草鸡产蛋性能的影响

试验旨在研究如皋草鸡禽白血病与产蛋性能(包括开产日龄、开产蛋重、开产体重、40周龄体重和280日龄产蛋数)的相关性,为鸡群净化做准备。选用562羽黑羽系(♂:♀=112:450)与765羽黄羽系(♂:♀=123:642)如皋草鸡,取泄殖腔棉拭子,用ELISAp27抗原试剂盒进行检测。结果表明:(1)在黄羽系母鸡中,P27抗原的测定值S/P与开产日龄没有显著相关性,但与开产蛋重显著负相关(P<0.05),与开产体重、40周龄体重、40周龄产蛋数极显著负相关(P<0.01)。(2)在黑羽系母鸡中,P27抗原的测定值S/P与开产蛋重、开产体重没有显著相关性,但与40周龄体重显著负相关(P<0.05),与40周龄产蛋数极显著负相关(P<0.01),与开产日龄极显著正相关(P<0.01)。     

丝羽乌骨鸡新品系早期产蛋性能相关研究

在相同的饲养管理条件下,比较乌骨鸡6个品系之间的产蛋性能差异以及乌骨鸡早期产蛋性状之间的相互关系.结果表明①.丝羽乌骨鸡开产体重与开产日龄有显著的正相关(P＜0.01);②.2月产蛋和3月产蛋之间也成显著的正相关关系(P＜0.01);1月产蛋与开产体重和2月产蛋都相关显著(P＜0.05);③.品系对开产日龄和开产体重都有极显著的影响(P＜0.01),对3月产蛋有显著影响(P＜0.05);④品系间1月产蛋和2月产蛋的差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

丝羽乌骨鸡早期产蛋性能相关研究

在相同的饲养管理条件下,比较乌骨鸡6个品系之间的产蛋性能差异以及乌骨鸡早期产蛋性状之间的相互关系.结果表明丝羽乌骨鸡开产体重与开产日龄有显著的正相关(P＜0.01);2月产蛋和3月产蛋之间也成显著的正相关关系(P＜0.01),1月产蛋与开产体重和2月产蛋都相关显著(P＜0.05);品系对开产日龄和开产体重都有极显著的影响(P＜0.01),对3月产蛋有显著影响(P＜0.05);品系间1月产蛋和2月产蛋的差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

丝羽乌骨鸡新品系开产性能选育效果及相关分析

通过分析丝羽乌骨鸡白羽母系选育第六、七世代开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重,作开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重之间相关分析和两世代产蛋性能的均数差异显著性检验和相关分析。结果表明,两世代开产性能有极显著差异;开产体重与开产蛋重、开产蛋重与开产日龄、开产体重与开产日龄均呈显著正相关(相关系数分别为0.32246、0.32942、0.21078,P<0.01)。     

峪口褐壳蛋鸡B系开产日龄对其体重、生产和蛋品性状的影响

为了探究峪口褐壳蛋鸡B系开产日龄与体重、生产和蛋品性状的关系,指导蛋鸡纯系选育,试验以峪口褐壳蛋鸡B系11世代第二批次1 502只母鸡为研究对象,记录蛋鸡的开产日龄,根据蛋鸡开产日龄划分为1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8组,测定各组蛋鸡开产体重和蛋重;28,36,56周龄体重和蛋重;38,56周龄产蛋数和39～56周龄产蛋数;36,56周龄蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度,分析各组鸡开产日龄对开产体重、开产～56周龄体重、蛋重、产蛋数、蛋壳强度、蛋壳强度等指标的影响及相关关系研究。结果表明:不同开产日龄组别之间的开产体重存在极显著正相关(P0.05),随着开产日龄的增大,开产体重呈增加趋势;不同开产日龄组别之间的开产蛋重、28周龄至56周龄蛋重存在极显著正相关(P0.01),随着开产日龄的增大,蛋重呈增加趋势;不同开产日龄组别之间的38周龄和56周龄产蛋数存在极显著负相关(P0.01),随着开产日龄的增大,产蛋数呈降低趋势;不同开产日龄组别之间的56周龄蛋壳厚度存在显著正相关(P0.05),但相关系数小。说明峪口褐壳蛋鸡开产日龄在127～154日龄之间的鸡只其开产体重、生产和蛋品质等性状指标比较理想。     

三个蛋鸭品种生产性能的观测与分析

本试验以金定鸭、褐色菜鸭和攸县麻鸭为素材,在相同的饲养管理和孵化条件下,对3个蛋鸭品种的产蛋性能、青壳率、受精率、受精蛋孵化率和不同阶段体重进行观测。结果表明:3个蛋鸭品种中攸县麻鸭300日龄产蛋量(144个)最高,见蛋日龄(96d)和开产日龄(123d)最早,因此3个蛋鸭品种中以攸县麻鸭产蛋性能最好;褐色菜鸭和攸县麻鸭公、母鸭30日龄体重、开产体重、300日龄蛋重差异均不显著(P0.05),由此可见,褐色菜鸭与攸县麻鸭属于同一类型蛋鸭品种。3个蛋鸭各品种的入孵蛋重与出壳重均呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。     

丝羽乌骨鸡新品系产蛋性能的选育效果分析

通过分析丝羽乌骨鸡白羽母系(BM)选育第六、七世代开产后20周内周平均产蛋量、300日龄产蛋量(EGN)、开产日龄(AFE)、开产体重(BWT)、开产蛋重(EWT),描绘两世代产蛋曲线300日龄产蛋量、开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重之间相关分析和两世代产蛋性能的均数差异显著性检验.结果表明,开产日龄与300日龄产蛋量成负相关(-0.00456),开产体重与300日龄产蛋量成正相关(0.00244),开产体重与开产蛋重成正相关(0.21078),开产蛋重与300日龄产蛋量成负相关(-0.10614),开产蛋重与开产日龄成正相关(0.32942),两世代产蛋性能有显著差异.     

如皋黄鸡产蛋性能与遗传参数分析

研究以如皋黄鸡第4世代的15个家系351只母鸡为实验素材,测定开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重和40周龄产蛋数,统计各周龄群体产蛋率,估算开产性状和40周龄产蛋数的遗传参数。结果表明:如皋黄鸡开产日龄为(153.9±13.13)d,开产体重为(1 366.5±135.51)g,开产蛋重为(32.8±3.17)g,40周龄产蛋数为(101.0±8.94)个;高峰产蛋率为82.1%,70%以上产蛋率维持16周;开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重和40周龄产蛋数均为中等遗传力0.177~0.320;开产日龄、开产体重和开产蛋重间两两呈遗传正相关0.736~0.971,40周龄产蛋数与开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重间均呈遗传负相关-0.832~-0.639;性状间的表型相关性质和遗传相关一致,且均达到极显著的程度。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.