牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23基因片段原核重组表达质粒,表达重组蛋白。采用PCR方法扩增牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白基因,将扩增产物与pMD18-T-Simple载体连接,测序,验证扩增产物。将P23基因片段克隆到载体pGEX-4T-3上,经酶切分析、PCR鉴定后,IPTG诱导表达,最后用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析鉴定表达产物。结果表明克隆的P23基因片段为684 bp,重组质粒pGEX-4T-3/P23构建成功;SDS-PAGE显示目的蛋白相对分子质量约为58 ku;Western blotting分析结果显示,与牛瑟氏泰勒虫阳性血清发生反应,而与牛瑟氏泰勒虫阴性血清无反应,表明牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白具有良好的抗原性和特异性,提示可以利用融合蛋白来建立检测抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白P33基因的克隆与真核表达载体的构建

根据已发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫(Theileria sergenti)表面蛋白P33基因的核苷酸序列设计引物,应用PCR技术从牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因组DNA中扩增P33基因片段,克隆到pMD18-T simple载体上,重组质粒经PCR、酶切鉴定后测序分析。进一步将该基因插入到真核表达载体pVAXⅠ,为今后深入研究该基因的表达及其功能奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70基因的克隆及原核表达

根据GenBank(D12692.1)上发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70基因序列设计、合成1对特异性的引物,采用PCR方法扩增牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70基因片段,将扩增产物与pMD18-Tsimple载体连接,重组质粒经PCR、酶切鉴定后测序;用pGEX-4T-1表达载体构建重组质粒pGEX-HSP70,经IPTG诱导表达后进行SDS-PAGE、Western-blot分析。结果表明:扩增的HSP70基因与D12692.1序列同源性为99.3%;表达的融合蛋白分子质量约为68ku,而且可与牛瑟氏泰勒虫阳性血清发生特异性反应。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

本研究根据GenBank牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白基因设计1对引物,利用全血基因组DNA提取试剂盒提取牛瑟氏泰勒虫全血基因组DNA,PCR扩增得到了大小为786 bp的基因片断,测序分析证明,它与已报道序列的核苷酸同源性可达99%.将该基因与pET-28a(+)载体进行连接,经酶切和PCR鉴定,证明成功构建了含有目的基因片段的重组表达载体pET-28a-P33.将此质粒转化至大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)中,用IPTG进行诱导.结果证实,该基因在大肠杆菌中用IPTG诱导4 h时表达量达到高峰,表达产物为分子质量约30.3 ku的融合蛋白,其表达量占菌体总蛋白的43%,以包涵体形式存在;Western blotting试验证明,表达蛋白P33可被牛瑟氏泰勒虫阳性血清所识别,表明该融合蛋白具有较好的反应原性.     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p33基因的真核表达

目的构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p33基因的真核表达载体。方法根据已发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫（Thei-leria sergenti）表面蛋白p33基因的核苷酸序列设计引物,应用PCR技术从牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因组DNA中扩增p33基因片段并克隆入pMD18-Tsimple载体。进一步将该基因插入到真核表达载体pVAXⅠ,转染Hela细胞后进行RT-PCR检测和IFA检测。结果牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p3基因成连接到pVAXⅠ载体中,并在真核细胞中有效表达。结论本研究试验为今后该基因的进一步动物试验奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

为分析吉林省流行的牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因序列，根据GenBank上发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白基因序列设计合成一对引物，用PCR方法扩增出牛瑟氏泰勒虫的基因片段，并成功地将该基因纯化后克隆到pGEM-TEasy载体上，将经EcoRⅠ酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定为阳性的重组质粒进行测序。结果表明克隆的基因片段长度为868bp，编码283个氨基酸，有2个潜在的糖基化位点。核苷酸同源性分析表明，该基因片段与韩国株（AF521557）、日本株（AB016280）、俄罗斯株（AB016279）的核苷酸序列同源性分别为99．4％、88.0％、88．1％。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫重组腺病毒载体Ad-p33的构建与鉴定

为了研究并构建出牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33基因重组腺病毒载体,试验根据GenBank(D87198)上发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33基因序列设计合成1对特异性引物,采用PCR技术扩增p33基因,克隆至pMD18-T Simple载体后,亚克隆到腺病毒穿梭载体pCR259中,将经酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定正确的重组穿梭质粒pCR259-p3...     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23和P33表面蛋白双基因融合表达载体的构建及原核表达

为探索牛瑟氏泰勒虫的表面蛋白基因融合产物作为双价疫苗的可行性,以牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因组DNA为模板,通过重叠延伸拼接聚合酶链式反应（SOE-PCR）把P23和P33表面蛋白基因连接一起,2个基因之间插入一个linker（Gly4Ser）3,经EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切,获得1151bp的双基因融合片段,克隆于表达质粒pGEX-4T-1中,构建了双基因重组表达载体pGEX-4T-P23-P33,转化大肠杆菌BL21,经IPTG诱导,表达出预期大小70．0ku的融合蛋白。Western blot检测结果显示,该蛋白与牛瑟氏泰勒虫抗血清呈阳性反应,表明融合蛋白具有反应原性,为进一步研究此融合蛋白作为疫苗候选成分提供了理论依据。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33双拷贝基因的真核表达

为构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33双拷贝基因真核表达质粒,以牛瑟氏秦勒虫基因组DNA为模板,应用SOE—PCR技术得到牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33双拷贝基因,将其先克隆到pMD18T—Simple载体,再亚克隆到真核表达载体pVAX1中,得到重组质粒pVAX1—2p33。对该重组质粒进行PCR、酶切鉴定及测序后,采用脂质体法将其转染到BHK-21细胞,用RTPCR和IFA进行鉴定。结果表明,牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33双拷贝基因真核表达质粒pVAX12p33构建成功并可以在BHK-21细胞中表达。本试验结果为p33双拷贝基因的免疫学研究奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫热休克蛋白70的克隆与原核表达重组质粒的构建

为了构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因片段原核重组表达质粒,本试验根据Gen-Bank上登录的牛瑟氏泰勒虫热休克蛋白70基因序列(D12692.1),应用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计合成一对特异性引物,以牛瑟氏泰勒虫DNA为模板,扩增片段大小为1 692bp,与参考序列的同源性为99%。将该基因与pET-28a(+)载体进行连接,成功构建了重组表达载体pET-28a-HSP70,本试验为进一步研究牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70基因佐剂作用、研制基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.