猪定时输精技术研究进展

猪定时输精技术主要分为简式定时输精和精准定时输精。采用定时输精技术可达到生猪生产批次化的目标,该技术是现代规模化养殖企业实现"全进全出"制的重要技术手段。本文综述了猪定时输精技术的发展历程,阐释了定时输精的技术原理,简要比较了几种生殖激素的使用和输精方案的实施,为猪定时输精技术的生产应用提供参考。     

山羊冻精人工授精技术的应用效果

研究探讨了山羊人工授精技术的发情鉴定、输精方法、输精时间、输精位置与深度、输精次数。6年来累计输精1 298头,妊娠1 073头,受胎率达82.7%,与对照组本交的82.2%差异不显著。表明山羊人工授精技术较成熟,可以满足生产需求。     

母猪深部输精技术在规模化猪场的研究应用

近年来,随着养猪生产水平的提高,深部输精技术在规模养殖场得到越来越广泛的应用.本文从深部输精技术定义及优缺点、国内外有关研究应用进展、深部输精操作等方面进行综述,并探讨了深部输精技术的应用价值.     

母猪子宫深部低剂量输精技术应用效果试验

母猪子宫深部低剂量输精技术是近年来刚刚开始推广应用的一项新型技术,是利用专用输精枪,将20～ 25毫升的精液输入发情母猪子宫内从而达到配种目的.为了解该项技术的效果和在本地区展开应用推广工作,特选择了一试验猪场,设计了试验方案,对640头母猪开展了应用效果试验. 一、母猪子宫深部输精技术 1.母猪子宫深部低剂量输精技术概述.母猪子宫深部低剂量输精技术(IUI),又称为深度人工输精技术,是利用特制的输精枪将精子驻留于子宫腔内及子宫角1/3处的一种输精技术.     

猪的人工授精技术进展

本文概述了猪的人工授精中输精方式方面的研究进展,包括子宫体输精、子宫角深部输精等低剂量输精技术,以及性别鉴定精液在猪的人工输精中的使用和研究现状.     

两种绵羊人工输精技术对受胎率的影响

子宫颈输精和腹腔镜输精技术是现阶段新疆养羊业生产发展中应用的两种方法,其中:子宫颈输精操作方法简单易行,成本低廉,便于掌握,但存在注射精液量大、受胎率不高、复配率高、劳动强度大的缺点。腹腔镜输精技术需要配套仪器设备,操作相对复杂一些,但受胎率高,有效提高了优良公畜的利用率。试验采用鲜精对子宫颈输精方法和腹腔镜输精方法的受胎率进行比较,结果表明腹腔镜输精的受胎率明显著高于子宫颈输精的受胎率(P0.01)。     

绵羊人工授精与腹腔镜输精效果比较

在目前的畜牧生产实践中,绵羊输精技术主要采用传统子宫颈法,这种方法虽然简单方便,但是精液消耗量大、受胎率低、复配率高,特别是冻精输精受胎率更低,所以需要找到一种能够提高受胎率的输精技术.腹腔镜输精技术是家畜品种改良工作中一项最新的繁殖技术.     

猪常规输精的优缺点及发展

子宫颈输精是最为常见的常规输精方法,具有操作简单、经济便捷、快速生效等特点。随着批量化作业,此项输精技术存在的技术缺点越来越明显,很大程度上影响授精率,降低受胎率。随着生理生化技术的进步,对猪人工授精技术的要求越来越高,常规人工输精技术不能达到预期的目的。随着高新技术的发展,未来人工输精技术中,深度输精技术可想将成为研究的关键所在,必将有效克服诸多弊端,更好的应用于养猪生产实践中去。     

提高母牛冷配受胎率的技术措施

牛冷冻精液人工授精技术是一项技术要求高,难度比较大,讲究技巧的先进繁殖技术.笔者在实践操作过程中采用以下措施,熟练掌握发情鉴定、饲养管理、适时输精、输配操作技术等,认真遵守"一严、二准、三快、四慢"的原则.即输精器械消毒要严;适时输精时间和输精部位要准;取冻精速度要快,解冻精速度要快,输精过程要快;直肠把握输精操作要轻要慢,插输精枪时要慢,注入精液速度要慢,取出输精枪时要慢.自采取以上措施后,使牛的人工授精配种受胎率从2001年的27%提高到现在的82%,为养牛业的发展取得了显著的经济效益.     

母猪深部输精技术研究进展

人工授精技术已广泛应用于畜牧养殖业,猪的人工授精技术应用比例也在逐年加大。深部输精技术能够减少输精时的精子数量,使饲养公猪的数量及综合成本大大降低,优秀公猪的利用范围在很大程度上得到提高,具有优秀基因的猪的利用率明显提高,选育进程加快。为了探究母猪深部输精技术的特点及应用效果,文章对母猪深部输精的应用器材、深部输精方法、我国及发达国家深部输精的研究应用进展进行综述,并探讨未来母猪深部输精的研究方向。     

Comparative efficiency of novel laparoscopic and routine vaginal inseminations with cryopreserved semen in rabbits

Laparoscopic artificial insemination technique (LAI) is described to overcome reduced fertility problems in sheep artificial insemination (AI) programmes with frozen semen. Later on, this technology was modified for endangered non-domestic cats to deposit low quality or reduced number of sperm cells hardly obtained by electro-ejaculation into the oviduct. This technique by passes the complex structure of cervix and efficiently transfers the sperm cells to the point of fertilization. In recent years, rabbits are becoming popular transgenic animal models producing various therapeutic and commercial products, as well as being experimental animals for disease models. The worldwide transportation of frozen semen and re-establishment of transgenic lines using AI technology has become a common practice. Therefore, this study was designed to describe a laparoscopic intrauterine insemination technique, which might assist in conceiving the animals with limited number of sperm cells. The female rabbits were laparoscopically (n = 22) or vaginally (n = 13) inseminated with frozen–thawed semen samples containing approximately 10 × 10⁶ motile sperm. The laparoscopic insemination technique provided higher pregnancy rate (45.5%) than vaginal insemination technique (7.7%) (p < .05). In conclusion, the described laparoscopic AI might be a new alternative technique, thus enabling limited or low-quality frozen sperm samples to establish pregnancy in rabbits.     

人工授精对土杂猪育肥性能的影晌

本试验通过对人工授精和非人工授精所生产的土二杂猪、土三杂猪的育肥性能进行观察比较．了解大面积推广人工授精技术对土二杂猪、土三杂猪的育肥效果的影响。结果显示：使用人工授精技术所生产的猪只在同样条件下比对照组猪只的育肥性能及经济效益明显要高，为大面积推广人工授精技术、提高生猪育肥性能提供了有力证据。     

A trial of intrauterine insemination using a fiberscope in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

An intrauterine insemination technique using a fiberscope was investigated in the giant panda. A septal wall was present about 5 cm from the vulva, the external urethral orifice was present in the ventral region, and the entrance (pseudocervix) to the vagina was present in the dorsal region. The uterovaginal region protruded in the dorsal region about 15 cm from the pseudocervix. The external uterine orifice was present in the uterovaginal region, revealing that intrauterine insemination can be easily performed. This technique may greatly contribute to artificial reproduction of the giant panda.     

Intraperitoneal Insemination in Mammals: A Review

This review focuses on factors associated with the development of intraperitoneal insemination in mammals. Findings to date indicate that fertility improves as the sperm cell concentration rises, but that the optimal sperm number differs in each species. Sperm washing before intraperitoneal insemination favours fertility. Peritoneal fluid shows a variable effect on spermatozoa, depending on the hormonal status of the female. The optimal time for insemination appears to be just prior to ovulation. The technique may be performed either through the abdominal or the vaginal wall. Verification of sperm deposition in the proximity of the ovaries improves fertility rates. Although associated with some risk of infection and an immune reaction against spermatozoa, the intraperitoneal technique rarely gives rise to severe anaphylactic shock, peritonitis, adhesion formation and the production of anti‐sperm antibodies and these complications may be prevented by adequate sperm pretreatment and antibiotic therapy. The success of intraperitoneal insemination in humans, with results comparable with those of intrauterine insemination in the treatment of infertility, suggest the potential use of this technique in domestic mammals, especially in those in which intrauterine insemination poses practical difficulties. Some of the methods applied in human intraperitoneal insemination, such as confirming the position of the needle in the peritoneal cavity, and sperm pre‐treatments might also improve results in domestic species. Conversely, the use of the animal model should help to develop some aspects of this technique in humans.     

蜂王人工授精技术概要

蜂王人工授精技术是蜜蜂育种的重要手段。本文从雄蜂及处女王的培育到环境设施消毒、雄蜂捕捉、精液采集、授精及授精后蜂群管理等各环节概要介绍了蜂王人工授精技术的操作要点．为蜂王人工授精技术的实施起到一定的指导作用。     

Technical Note: Transcervical deep cornual insemination of goats

A newly developed technique for trans-cervical deep uterine insemination of goats is described. An experiment was conducted to compare this transcervical method with the laparoscopic intrauterine insemination using frozen-thawed semen. Of the 46 primiparous and 21 multiparous estrus-synchronized Boer goat does inseminated transcervically, 71% (22/31) kidded compared with 53% (19/36) of does inseminated laparoscopically (P < 0.025). The corresponding litter sizes were 2.27 and 1.89 (P < 0.01). In another 34 parous does inseminated transcervically without preceding hormone treatment, kidding rate and litter size were 71% and 1.76, respectively. We conclude that transcervically conducted bilateral deep cornual insemination may be considered a viable alternative to laparoscopic insemination.     

母猪卵泡发育同步化调控技术研究及应用

母猪定时输精技术的实现前提是猪群发情周期同步化、卵泡发育同步化、排卵同步化和配种同步化,既要发情周期的同步又要卵泡发育及排卵的同步。文章就母猪卵泡发育的同步化技术及其在定时输精中的应用进行简要介绍。     

人工饲养条件下熊科动物的人工授精技术

我国熊类资源丰富,但是近年来由干过度捕猎,野生熊的数量急剧下降。熊在人工饲养条件下的自然繁殖存在一定的困难和问题。因此,开展熊的繁殖研究是当前人工养熊的一项重要工作。熊的人工授精方法是解决熊繁殖问题的有效途径,但熊的人工授精技术还不完善,有待于进一步研究。     

人工授精技术在骡鸭生产中的应用

番鸭与家鸭为不同属的鸭种,自然交配受精率较低,平均受精率为30%～40%。本研究采用人工授精技术,对公番鸭进行隔离调教,按摩法采精,母家鸭以翻肛法输精。结果表明:公番鸭调教1周即可使用,每天采精1次,采精量可达0.8毫升/只;精子在输精后第4天活力最强,两次输精间隔以4天为宜;常温下采出的新鲜精液应在30分钟用完;每只母家鸭每次输精0.05毫升,种蛋受精率平均达71.5%。     

提高狐人工输精受胎率繁殖生理机制探讨

针对目前狐人工输精技术的应用 ,各场家取得的结果不尽一致 ,本文从狐的繁殖生理机制入手 ,探讨提高狐人工输精受胎率的技术关键