家蚕人工饲料防腐剂DF效果试验

用DF作为家蚕人工饲料的防腐剂,试验其防腐效果。结果表明,DF在高温多湿的养蚕环境中对家蚕人工饲料中的霉菌具有强烈抑制作用,防腐效果明显优于山梨酸和丙酸等防腐剂,添加2000ppm剂量,即可使饲料30天不生霉菌。在一定剂量范围内对蚕体发育无不良影响,其成本也比较便宜。     

尼泊金乙酯对家蚕人工饲料的防腐效果试验

本试验用尼泊金乙酯作为家蚕人工饲料的防腐剂,调查其防腐效果、对家蚕生长发育的影响,以收蚁后48h家蚕的疏毛率、3龄起蚕率(10h后)、3龄起蚕体重(10头平均)和存活率(10h后)等作为适应性指标,并与添加山梨酸钾、丙酸钙、山梨酸钾+丙酸钙以及不添加防腐剂的饲料进行比较。试验结果表明:尼泊金乙酯在高温多湿的养蚕环境中对家蚕人工饲料中的霉菌具有抑制作用,但其对小蚕的摄食性有影响。而山梨酸钾在各方面都表现优秀,故家蚕人工饲料的防腐剂,以添加0.3%的山梨酸钾为宜。     

人工饲料防腐剂和形状的研究

人工饲料防腐剂和形状的研究缪云根，徐俊良，杨远晶，蒋燕成桑蚕人工饲料育实用化，关键要根据我国的国情，研究适合人工饲料育的蚕品种，低成本人工饲料的配制及适合我国蚕业生产实际的饲养技术体系。为此，我们在１９９４年春就人工饲料的防腐剂和饲料形状对桑蚕生长发...     

富马酸二甲酯的合成和应用

添加化学防腐剂是防止饲料腐败变质的一种常用方法。目前,我国经常使用的化学防腐剂有苯甲酸(盐)、山梨酸(盐)、尼泊金酯、丙酸钙和双乙酸钠等。这些防腐剂有的应用pH值和抗菌谱窄,有的价格较高。富马酸二甲酯是一种高效低毒的化学防腐剂,对霉菌有良好的抑制作用。     

小蚕人工饲料中若干物质添加效果的研究

本试验以改善蚕的摄食性和生长发育为目的，确定了以玉米粉为成型剂的小蚕人工饲料中维生素和无机盐的适宜添加量，探讨了焦性没食子酸、鲜味氨基酸及多种甜味剂的添加效果，证明焦性没食子酸和健益糖等对小蚕摄食性和生长发育有显著促进作用。     

桑蚕低成本人工饲料蚕品种的适应性试验

用山东省蚕研所研制的人工饲料，对湖州市现行的6对蚕品种进行了稚蚕1－2龄人工饲料育试验。结果全龄眠起齐一，生长发育良好，其中5对品种能获得全龄桑叶育95％以上的产茧量。     

肉牛液体补充饲料的加工技术研究

初步研究了肉牛液体补充饲料的加工技术，通过单因素试验找出了维持产品品质稳定的方法。试验结果表明：①采用在试验条件下可供加工的配方组成。在 25℃，绝对粘度 5.2Pa· s、 pH值 4.46前提下，静置 4d，测其产品固水分层率，筛选出黄原胶最佳配比为 0.18％；②成品在恒温 36℃～ 37℃下强化变质，定期测其 CO2气体释放抑制率，并筛选出最佳防腐剂组合为苯甲酸 0.1％＋丙酸 0.2％。     

桂蚕5号人工饲料育对比试验

以全龄桑叶育为对照,对桂蚕5号反交杂交种全龄人工饲料育和小蚕1～3龄人工饲料育进行对比试验.结果表明:桂蚕5号1～3龄小蚕人工饲料育与全龄桑叶育指标差异不大,可在农村进行推广应用;全龄人工饲料育与全龄桑叶育指标差异显著,在生产实用性上还有待提高.     

丙酸和丙酸盐在饲料中的应用及生产工艺

丙酸及丙酸盐是重要的饲料防腐剂。丙酸为无色液体,具有挥发性。丙酸盐主要是指丙酸钙、丙酸钠、丙酸锌、丙酸钾、丙酸铵等,多为白色颗粒或粉末,无臭或稍有异臭味,溶于水。同其他防腐剂相比,丙酸及丙酸盐具有许多无可比拟的优越性,因而已成为饲料中最广泛应用的防腐剂之一。     

如东县人工饲料育技术共育小蚕的实践报告

为解决小蚕共育过程中出现的户主老龄化和人工短缺,以及共育安全等问题,开展了规模化人工饲料育技术共育小蚕的应用试验。结果表明：人工饲料育与桑叶育相比,1眠蚕体重无显著差异,2眠开始眠蚕时体重表现出差异,3眠期蚕体质量差距较大,4眠蚕体重差异缩小,熟蚕体重差异不显著;盒种产茧量除春蚕低于桑叶育5．1％外,续春蚕、一秋蚕和二...     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.