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山东省某地区鸡马立克氏病疫苗免疫鸡群暴发马立克氏病(MD),为分离得到致病毒株,检测其致病性,采用琼脂扩散试验、细胞培养和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)等方法从发病鸡的血液及羽髓中分离到一株适应鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)生长的马立克氏病病毒。采用PCR方法扩增分离毒株的meq、pp38、132bp重复序列等病毒致病相关基因,所得序列用DNAStar软件与GenBank上登录的参考毒株进行比对分析。结果显示,该分离株SDAU-1的pp38基因与标准强毒序列同源性为100%,132bp重复序列的拷贝数及meq基因的变异均符合MDV强毒株的序列特征。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(8)
为了解国内鸡群马立克病(MD)毒株目前的流行情况,在我国3个已免疫MD疫苗的白羽肉种鸡场暴发MD的鸡群中,通过临床剖检,组织病理学变化,病毒分离,IFA检测从发病鸡的淋巴细胞中分离到3株马立克氏病毒(MDV),并分别命名为SDAU1501、SDAU1502和SDAU1503。采用PCR方法扩增3株MDV的vIL8、pp38、meq致病基因,所得氨基酸序列与已发表的参考毒株序列进行比较分析,结果显示SDAU1501和SDAU1502的致病基因与强毒株的同源性达到97%以上,具有强毒特征;而SDAU1503的meq基因在第194位具有与CVI988同样的缺失(P),但其没有CVI988中177个核苷酸的插入突变,其具有与弱毒疫苗株的特征。MDV新的变异在不断发生,出现了不同类型的变异株,因此,对MD的流行情况与基因监测应当继续下去;同时,在MDV疫苗的研制更新上还有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
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将马立克氏病病毒(MDV)gB基因插入鸡痘病毒中,构建了含有MDV-gB基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPV),用rFPV、火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)冻干疫苗、rFPV HVT二联疫苗分别免疫1日龄AA肉用雏鸡,8日龄攻毒后观察免疫保护效果。结果表明,3种疫苗均诱导了免疫应答,免疫保护率分别为69%、69%和85%。该重组病毒疫苗的免疫效果与HVT疫苗的免疫效果相当,二者联用具有免疫协同作用。 相似文献
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应用鸭胚成纤维细胞(DEF)从曾免疫过CVI988/Rispens株疫苗的患马立克氏病(MD)肿瘤的三黄鸡中分离到一株马立克氏病病毒(MDV,命名为GXY2株。用禽肿瘤病聚合酶链式反应(PCR)鉴别诊断技术对患鸡的肿瘤组织病料及克隆纯化毒株的DEF培养物进行检测,结果均扩增到MDV-1强毒株的132-bpr特异性带和网状内皮组织增殖病病毒(REV)的长末端重复序列(LTR)。用基于抗MDV-1的gB蛋白单克隆抗体BA4、MEQ蛋白单克隆抗体3G12E6和抗REV的单克隆抗体11B118分别对毒株的培养物进行间接免疫荧光试验(IFA),结果样品只与抗MDV-1的单克隆抗体呈现阳性反应,而与抗REV的单克隆抗体呈现阴性反应。应用PCR技术扩增并测定了毒株的致瘤相关基因meq的核苷酸序列,并与其他MDV-1参考毒株的序列进行比较分析,结果发现其序列与我们之前分离鉴定的MDV-1野强毒株G2和YL040920高度同源。研究的结果表明,分离株GXY2为整合有REVLTR片段的重组MDV强毒株。 相似文献
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本研究旨在分离鉴定河南鸡群马立克病病毒(Marek’s disease virus,MDV)流行毒株,了解当前MDV分子进化特征并为鸡马立克病(MD)的有效防控提供参考。根据MDV基因组设计了meq、gE、gI、gB、pp38以及132-bp重复序列基因的特异性引物,应用PCR扩增和DNA测序分析对河南焦作土鸡群8份MD疑似病例进行了确诊,并通过鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)盲传培养和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)分离鉴定了3个流行毒株,分别命名为HNJZ101、HNJZ102和HNJZ103。结果显示,3个MDV分离株均为血清1型(MDV-1)毒株,未发生禽网状内皮增生症病毒(REV)共感染,并且132-bp重复序列基因均为双拷贝。meq、gE和gI基因核苷酸序列比对分析发现,临床病例样本及3个MDV新分离株的meq基因与国内外温和毒或疫苗毒株的meq基因核苷酸序列同源性仅为64.7%~78.8%,但与MDV强毒株的同源性高达98.9%~100.0%;gE和gI基因的核苷酸序列同源性均较高,分别为99.1%~99.9%和99.3%~100.0%。系统发生树分析结果表明,HNJZ101、HNJZ102和HNJZ103与绝大多数此前分离的河南毒株及国内MDV强毒株同处于一个大的进化分支。研究结果表明,3个分离株HNJZ101、HNJZ102和HNJZ103很可能是当前河南土鸡群中流行的致病性MDV-1毒株,其确切的致病型及导致免疫失败的原因仍有待进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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段载金 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》1998,(3):25-26
鸡马立克氏病(MD)是鸡的一种高度接触传染性,并以淋巴细胞性肿瘤为特征的病毒病,广泛分布于全世界。70年代初应用火鸡癌疹病毒(HVT)疫苗成功防制MD,但80年代以后,世界各地屡屡发生HVT免疫失败,致使由MD引起的经济损失大幅度上升。1996年收检鸡病例348例,鸡马立克氏病78例,占22.41%,为鸡各类疫病之首。1病原及临诊特征MD的病原为鸡马立克氏病病毒(MDV),为鸡疮疹病毒科、鸡瘤疾病毒1型,HVT为鸡疤疹病毒D型。MDV及其相关的病毒分为3个血清型,即:I型包括MDV强毒(VMDV)、超强毒(VVMDV)及由它们致弱的变异… 相似文献
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鸡马立克氏病(MD)是由鸡马立克氏病病毒引起的鸡淋巴细胞增生性肿瘤疾病。其特点是在鸡外周神经、性腺、虹膜、各种脏器、肌肉和皮肤出现淋巴样细胞、单核细胞的浸润和增生及肿瘤的形成。鸡马立克氏病病毒(MDV)归属于疱疹病毒科。MDV在流行过程中经常出现变异毒株,其共同特点是毒力比一般毒株强,有极强的肿瘤性,用HVT免疫的鸡不能阻止其致瘤性。MDV分3个型,Ⅰ型为致病性强毒株及其致弱毒株,Ⅱ型为无致病性的自然弱毒株,Ⅲ型为火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT),此型病毒本非MDV,但因与鸡马立克氏病关系密切,故将其划分在马立克氏病毒型内。 相似文献
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对从发病鸡场分离到的一株超强马立克氏病毒株,用PCR扩增该分离毒株的meq致瘤基因并测定了其序列,发现其与超强病毒株SD2012-1的核苷酸同源性为99%。该分离毒株的meq基因序列在第575~577位比疫苗株CVI988/Rispens的meq基因序列多插入3个碱基(CAC),与SD2012-1相同。使用该分离毒株进行疫苗免疫攻毒实验,未免组的发病率为80.0%,常规剂量HVT组和10×常规剂量HVT组的发病率分别为73.0%和76.6%,HVT不能提供有效免疫保护。常规剂量CVI988组和10×常规剂量CVI988组的发病率分别为30.0%和30.0%,常规剂量HVT+CVI988组和10×常规剂量HVT+CVI988组的发病率分别为26.6%和26.7%,免疫CVI988疫苗组鸡和HVT+CVI988联苗组鸡的发病率比免疫HVT疫苗组鸡低。说明,野外毒株的不断变异已经突破现有疫苗的免疫保护,会给养鸡业带来严重的损失。 相似文献
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马立克氏病病毒不同致病型meq基因的比较研究 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
为了研究马立克氏病病毒(MDV)的meq基因与不同毒株致病性的关系,应用PCR技术扩增了不同致病型MDV毒株的meq基因,测定和比较了它们的核苷酸和氨基酸序列。这些毒株包括:国际通用Ⅰ型疫苗毒CV1988/Rispens株和中国特有的疫苗毒814株、强毒GA株(vMDV)、特超强毒648A株(vv MDV)以及6个广西分离到的野毒株。结果发现,MDV不同致病型的meq基因序列相对比较保守,它们相互间核苷酸和氨基酸序列的同源性均在95.6%-99.7%。但是,与所有测试的致病性MDV毒株相比,二个Ⅰ型疫苗毒CV1988/Rispens株和814株均在阅读框的核苷酸序列中缺失第575-577位3个碱基(CAC),导致一个氨基酸(脯氨酸)的缺失。该缺失性突变恰恰位于meq基因的多脯氨酸功能的一个重复序列(EELCAQLCSTPPPPI)之中。该缺失性突变与一个疫苗毒株失去致肿瘤性是否有关,还有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献