一株猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离与药敏试验

从新乡地区某猪场疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎病猪体内分离到一株致病菌。通过对分离菌株的形态学检查、生化实验、卫星生长现象、溶血试验及动物实验,证明该分离菌为胸膜肺炎放线杆菌,药敏试验结果表明,所分离菌株对氟苯尼考和头孢噻呋最敏感,可作为新乡地区猪传染性胸膜肺炎病的首选药物。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

对从全国30多个猪场送检的疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎的病猪中，用PPLO培养基进行了胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离，对分离菌进行了PCR鉴定和生化鉴定，并测定了该菌的培养特性、致病性和对药物的敏感性。结果成功分离到了15株胸膜肺炎放线杆菌，该菌对先锋霉素类和氯霉素较敏感。     

洛阳某猪场猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离鉴定

为确定洛阳某猪场疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎的病原种类及其血清型,为其临床科学防疫和合理用药提供参考方案,本试验无菌采集了病猪肺脏等病料,采用病菌培养后形态观察、革兰氏染色、生理生化特性试验、PCR诊断等技术对病原菌进行实验室分离鉴定,通过基因测序和同源性分析方法对其进行确诊,通过动物攻毒试验和药敏试验分析分离菌株的致病性和耐药性,采用5对分型引物对分离菌进行基因分型以确定病原菌血清型。结果显示,分离菌2007菌落形态为光滑、透明、边缘整齐、圆形、隆起的小菌落,革兰氏染色特征为阴性杆菌且呈多型性,具有猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）的典型培养特征,且生化结果符合猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的生化特性。同源性分析结果显示,分离菌株2007与猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌菌株FJ848573.1同源性为99.4%,说明分离株2007是猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌。动物攻毒试验结果显示,分离菌株2007对小鼠有强致病性。药敏试验结果显示,分离株2007对泰妙菌素、氨苄西林和头孢噻呋钠等高敏,对替米考星、红霉素、氟苯尼考等20种抗菌药完全耐药,对34种抗生素的耐药率高达76.5%,具有较强的多重耐药性。分离菌2007基因分型扩增到目的基因片段与血清型5型结果相符。本试验结果为发病猪场提出了解决该病的具体防治措施,并最终获得了良好的效果,为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌临床耐药折点的制定提供了一些参考。     

广西某规模化猪场胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清5型的分离鉴定

为调查广西地区某规模化猪场疑似患猪传染性胸膜肺炎猪的病原、血清型及有效治疗药物等情况,首先对患病猪进行剖检观察其病理变化,同时无菌采集病猪肺脏等病料,接种平板后纯化培养,然后通过革兰染色镜检、生化鉴定、16S rRNA序列比对、血清型及毒素基因分析等方法进行鉴定,并对分离菌株的耐药性和动物致病性进行探究。结果：从病料中分离到1株细菌,其菌落、菌体形态、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列符合胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)特征,该菌株含有ApxⅠ、ApxⅡ、ApxⅣ三种毒素,属于APP血清5型,因此将其命名为APP5-YXLM;药敏试验结果显示,该菌对β-内酰胺类药物和头孢类药物敏感,对红霉素、庆大霉素、多西环素、四环素等6种药物耐药;动物致病性试验表明,该菌株对小鼠具有较强的致病性,其半数致死量(LD₅₀)为7.06×10~8 CFU。试验结果为该发病猪场猪传染性胸膜肺炎的防治提供了理论依据,同时也为掌握胸膜肺炎放线杆菌在广西地区的流行情况提供了数据支持。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离与鉴定

吉林省某规模化养猪场送检疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎的死猪病料,采用不同培养基进行病原菌分离,结果分离出3株疑似胸膜肺炎放线杆菌。通过对分离菌进行镜检、培养特性试验、生化特性试验、PCR鉴定,确定为3株均为胸膜肺炎放线杆菌,致病性试验结果表明,分离的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌具有强致病性。     

3株猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌山东株的分离及鉴定

从山东省几个猪场的疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎病例中,采集病猪的肺脏、气管和扁桃体等病变组织,经细菌分离得到3个分离株BZ1株、BZ2株、BZ3株。经过革兰氏染色镜检、菌落形态观察、培养特性试验、生化试验、药敏试验、动物感染试验等一系列细菌学鉴定方法,可将3株分离菌鉴定为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎的综合防治技术

猪传染性胸膜肺炎(PCP)是一种高度致死性呼吸道传染病,极易在猪群中广泛传播,给养殖场(户)造成较大的经济损失。PCP的主要特征为急性出血性纤维素性胸膜肺炎和慢性纤维素性坏死性胸膜肺炎为主,病原体为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)。笔者结合辖区某猪场发生的一起生猪异常死亡情况,通过流行病学调查、临床症状观察、剖检病变以及实验室检测,确诊疫情为APP引起的PCP,经药敏试验测定选用高敏药物治疗,有效控制了猪场疫情。     

一起猪蓝耳病混合感染传染性胸膜肺炎的诊治报告

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（猪蓝耳病）是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）引起猪的一种高度接触性传染病,猪传染性胸膜肺炎（PCP）是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）引起的一种以急性出血性纤维素性胸膜肺炎和慢性纤维素性坏死性胸膜肺炎为特征的猪呼吸系统接触性传染病,他们都是猪的重要呼吸道疾病,在许多养猪场流行,且经常混合混染,给养殖业造成重大的经济损失。笔者通过对山西省某猪场送检病料进行细菌的分离纯化、RT-PCR检测等实验室诊断,结果发现为蓝耳病混合感染传染性胸膜肺炎,通过采取治疗与防治措施,及时控制了疫情。     

血清6型猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离与鉴定

从广东某猪场出现呼吸困难、肺脏有出血性纤维渗出性病变的病死猪中分离出1株有多形性趋向的革兰阴性球杆菌,卫星现象观察、CAMP试验及V因子依赖性试验均为阳性,用PCR方法能扩增出各血清型猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌均有的apxⅣA基因长约422 bp的特异片段,小白鼠攻毒试验显示其有致病性,血清学检测表明该分离菌为血清6型猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离与鉴定

从柳州某猪场疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎病猪中分离到致病菌.通过对分离菌株的理化特性测定,鉴定为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌,并用分离菌株制备了灭活疫苗,有效控制了菌株分离场的猪传染性胸膜肺炎病。     

Isolation,Identification and Drug Sensitive Tests of Porcine Contagious Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

In order to provide a scientific prevention and treatment of porcine contagious pleuropneumia (PCP) disease in a pig farm of Tianjin,pigs with suspected PCP were carried on clinical comprehensive diagnosis and histopathological observations.A systematic analysis of isolated strain were conducted by laboratory diagnostic methods included bacterial isolation and culture,microscopic examination,biochemical tests,satellite phenomenon examination,PCR detection,animal pathogenicity experiments and drug sensitive tests.The most sick pigs were dyspnea,and the typical results of pathological anatomy and histopathological observations were fibrinous pneumonia.The gram-negative and polymorphous bacilli could be seen under the microscopy,its biochemical characteristics and satellite phenomenon were consistent with those of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP).The amplified result of APP APX Ⅳ A gene was positive by specific primers.The isolated strain could be lethal to mice and it was highly sensitive to cefotaxime and florfenicol.Combined with the results of laboratory detection and the clinical comprehensive diagnosis,it was confirmed the isolated strain was APP.     

Evaluation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae diagnostic tests using samples derived from experimentally infected pigs

New serological tests have recently been introduced for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae diagnosis. No information is currently available on how these tests compare regarding the detection of antibodies from subclinically infected pigs. To answer this question, 80 pigs were randomly assigned to experimental groups infected with A. pleuropneumoniae serovars 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15 and a non-inoculated control group. Blood samples and oropharyngeal swabs were collected prior to infection and for 7 consecutive weeks thereafter. Serum samples were tested using the Swinecheck(?) APP ELISA and the Multi-APP ELISA (University of Montreal). All pigs were euthanized at 49 days post-inoculation. Tonsil and lung samples were cultured for isolation and tested by PCR. The Multi-APP ELISA detected seroconversion 1 week earlier than the Swinecheck(?) APP ELISA with the earliest seroconversion detected at 1 week post-infection (serovar 10) and the latest at 3 weeks post-infection (serovar 1). Seroconversion at day 49 was serovar-dependent and varied from 4 (44%) positives detected in the serovar 10 group to 9 positives (100%) detected in the serovar 15 group. Thirty-one pigs were serologically positive for A. pleuropneumoniae at 49 days post-infection and only 15 still carried A. pleuropneumoniae on their tonsils based on PCR results. No cross-reactions were observed when serum samples were cross-tested using the Swinecheck(?) APP ELISA. A. pleuropneumoniae was successfully isolated from the lung of 2 pigs that developed pleuropneumonia, but was not isolated from tonsils due to heavy contamination by the resident flora. This study offers a comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic tools currently available for detection of A. pleuropneumoniae subclinical infection.     

锦州地区副猪嗜血杆菌分离鉴定与药敏试验

从锦州市某猪场7份疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病料中分离到4株革兰氏阴性细小杆菌,进行了细菌培养特性试验、纯化后镜检、V因子需要试验、卫星现象检查、生化试验、PCR鉴定、药物敏感试验、细菌的致病性试验。结果表明,分离的菌株为副猪嗜血杆菌,4株分离菌株对林可霉素、环丙沙星、强力霉素、头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星和恩诺沙星均较敏感;对卡那霉素、复方新诺明、克林霉素、金霉素、四环素均为耐药;对链霉素呈现不同程度的敏感性。     

猪源奇异变形杆菌的分离鉴定、耐药性分析及毒力基因检测

为确定屠宰场发病猪死亡原因,本研究对从死亡猪内脏中分离到的细菌,进行革兰染色镜检、生化鉴定和16S rRNA基因测序鉴定,并进行药敏试验、毒力基因检测及小鼠攻毒试验。结果显示,革兰染色镜检为细小或中等短杆状或丝状革兰阴性杆菌;生化试验特性分析及16S rRNA基因测序鉴定为奇异变形杆菌,命名为GZ2-2株。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌对哌拉西林、头孢呋辛、头孢他啶等11种药物敏感,对卡那霉素和米诺环素2种药物为中敏,对氨苄西林、头孢唑林、四环素等6种药物耐药;毒力基因检测结果显示,该分离菌携带rsbA、atfA、pmfA、mrpA、zapA、ureC、atfC和ucaA 8种毒力基因;小鼠攻毒试验表明,该分离菌有较强致病力。本试验成功分离到一株具有多重耐药性并携带8种毒力基因的奇异变形杆菌,为该菌感染的防治及其分子流行病学研究奠定了基础。     

广东省猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌分离鉴定及耐药表型和耐药基因检测与分析

【目的】了解广东省部分规模化猪场引起猪传染性胸膜肺炎(PCP)的病原菌猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)的耐药表型和耐药基因携带情况,并分析比较其相关性,为有效防控该病提供理论依据。【方法】将2019-2021年从广东省不同地区规模化猪场采集的疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎病死猪病料通过病原分离培养、革兰氏染色、生化试验、PCR扩增等方法进行病原菌分离鉴定和测序分析,随后对分离株进行药敏试验并通过PCR检测其耐药基因,确定其耐药表型和耐药基因的携带率,分析比较两者的一致性。【结果】分离菌需在含有血清和NAD的培养板中生长;革兰氏染色结果显示分离菌为红色,可判定为革兰氏阴性细菌,通过生化试验、PCR结果及测序分析确定分离到20株APP,且没有表现出明显的地域特性。所有菌株均呈现多重耐药且约50%菌株呈8重及以上耐药;其中对四环素类、磺胺类、氯霉素类和大环内酯类药物耐药率较高,分别为77.5%、65.0%、55.0%和48.8%;进一步分析发现,分离菌主要对四环素、磺胺异噁唑、氟苯尼考和林可霉素等抗菌药物耐药,而对头孢唑啉(先锋Ⅴ)和阿奇霉素敏感。23种主要耐药基因中共检测到bla_CMY、aph(2″)-Ⅰb、sul1、sul2、sul3、tetA、tetB、tetM、tetO、tetR和floR这11种耐药基因,携带率分别为85%、85%、50%、60%、75%、30%、100%、85%、100%、70%和80%;未检测到喹诺酮类、大环内酯类和林可胺类相关耐药基因。【结论】从广东省猪群中分离到的APP表现出广泛耐药性,且为多重耐药,耐药基因与耐药表型基本一致,表明耐药基因的携带是细菌对抗菌药物产生耐药的主要原因之一,但也可能存在其他未检测的耐药基因,或存在新的耐药机制。     

山西猪场猪蓝耳病并发猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的病毒鉴定及细菌分离鉴定以及治疗方案

2020年2月份山西某大型规模猪场育肥猪突发呼吸困难,无过多症状表现,即突然死亡,发病率为2%,死亡率1.5%左右。实验室以病死猪为研究对象,综合死亡猪只脏器病变状况观察,无菌采集病死猪的肺脏、肝脏、脾脏病料,进行RT-PCR检测猪蓝耳病原;用含1%NAD和5%胎牛血清的TSA琼脂培养基进行细菌分离培养和纯化,经形态学鉴定、PCR鉴定、16Sr RNA基因序列进化树构建等方法,结果显示:该发病猪群为猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征并发猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌感染。药敏试验结果显示:该猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌对安普霉素、硫酸黏菌素、替米考星+氟苯尼考、替米考星+阿莫西林、氟苯尼考、头孢噻呋钠+硫酸黏菌素、头孢喹肟、头孢噻呋钠+新霉素、替米考星+头孢噻呋钠、多西环素+氟苯尼考、头孢噻呋钠+阿莫西林、阿莫西林+克拉维酸钾、头孢噻呋钠+恩诺沙星、新霉素、头孢噻呋钠、安普霉素+头孢噻呋钠敏感。对恩诺沙星耐药。本实验室根据临床及检测结果制定治疗方案,为该猪场的猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征并发猪胸膜肺炎的临床诊断及用药提供了理论依据。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清8型菌株的分离鉴定及耐药性研究

为了确定引起2018年5月江苏泰州某规模化养猪场育肥猪发病死亡的病原,本试验无菌采取病死猪肺脏组织,通过病原分离培养、染色观察、生化试验、PCR扩增等方法进行鉴定,随后对分离菌株进行致病性和耐药性试验。结果显示,该分离菌株在病原分离培养过程中,需在含有NAD的培养基中才能生长;该分离菌通过革兰氏染色,显微镜观察细菌呈红色,可判定新分离的菌株为革兰氏阴性菌;根据生化试验和PCR结果可判定该分离菌株为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌;PCR血清型分型结果显示,分离菌株为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清8型菌株;小鼠毒力试验结果显示,当分离株菌液浓度达到3×10⁸ CFU/mL时便可引起BALB/c小鼠死亡,浓度为2×10⁹ CFU/mL时对BALB/c小鼠的致死率达到100%,表明该分离菌株对BALB/c小鼠有较强的致病力及致死性;药敏试验结果表明,该分离菌株对头孢噻吩、头孢噻肟、氨曲南、头孢吡肟、头孢曲松、氧氟沙星等14种抗菌药物高度敏感,对氨苄西林中度敏感,对链霉素耐药。综合以上试验结果表明该猪场存在猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清8型菌株感染情况。     

1株羊源致病性屎肠球菌的分离与鉴定

鄂尔多斯市某羊场发生羊不明原因死亡的疫情,为了寻找病因并制定治疗方案和防治措施,本研究通过临床检查和实验室病理及分子生物学诊断方法确诊并提供治疗方案。试验以病死羊为试验材料,首先对其进行临床检查,包括尸体剖检和病理组织学采样。随后,采用常规无菌操作方法取回其脑组织至实验室,进行触片、染色镜检和分离细菌。病死羊剖检发现,肺脏淤血实变、心外膜点状出血、肾脏质地变软如泥、脑严重水肿等。选取脑组织制备病理切片,在镜下可观察到大脑皮质中性粒细胞浸润及中性粒细胞性血管管套现象;深层脑组织进行触片染色后,在镜下可见单个或成对排列的革兰氏阳性球菌,并分离出1株可疑细菌,命名为NEF1;采用Mega 6.0生物软件依据该分离株的16S rRNA基因而绘制的遗传进化树分析结果显示,分离株NEF1与屎肠球菌的国内分离株（MT197247.1）和伊朗分离株（KM495939.1）聚类在同一分支上,而与GenBank中其他屎肠球菌参考菌株遗传距离较远;药物敏感性试验结果表明,分离株NEF1只对环丙沙星呈现中度敏感,而对青霉素等其他选定的抗生素类药物均呈现明显的耐药性。本试验从病死羊脑组织中成功分离并鉴定了1株屎肠球菌NEF1,同时通过药物敏感性试验方法筛选出来的敏感药物有效控制了该病在发病羊场的进一步蔓延,为该地区羊细菌性疾病的有效防治提供了行之有效的试验数据。     

THE ISOLATION OF MYCOPLASMA HYOSYNOVIAE AND EXPOSURE OF PIGS TO EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION

Arginine-utilising mycoplasmas isolated from the pneumonic lungs of 4 pigs were identified as M. hyosynoviae by their growth characteristics, biochemical activity and serological similarity to each other and to 2 type strains of M. hyosynoviae in growth inhibition tests. A purified culture of one M. hyosynoviae isolate was inoculated intravenously into 3 pigs which were killed 9 days later. Although arthritis was not observed clinically, M. hyosynoviae was isolated from 8 of 9 joints cultured, the tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes of all 3 pigs and the lungs of 2 pigs. No histopathological changes were observed in synovial membranes of the joints cultured or lungs but severe depletion of lymphocytes in the cortex of lymphoid follicles in lymph nodes and tonsils was observed.     

Study on Biological Characteristics and Drug Sensitivity of Haemophilus parasuis Isolated in Sichuan Province

The study was aimed to investigate the biological characsteristics and drug sensitive tests of Haemophilus parasuis isolated in Sichuan province.This paper reported the biological characteristics,16S rRNA gene PCR and drug sensitive test of the isolates by technique of microbiological and molecular biology.The results showed that the isolates had micro anaerobic and could produce satellite phenomenon,the isolates were just same in biochemical characteristics with field isolates in other area.All the isolates amplified 821 bp 16S rRNA gene.And drug sensitive tests showed that the isolates were highly sensitive to cefradine,ampicillin,cefradine,amoxicillin,cefaclor,ofloxacin,cefotaxime and furadantin,the sensitive rate was 75.61% to 87.80%,but the isolates were high resistance to lincomycin,carbenicillin,enrofloxacin,amikacin and sulfamethoxazole,and multiple-drug resistance was found among the isolates,the number of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics were more between five and eight,the resisitance strains were 21.95% to 30.49%,7 isolates were even resistant to 13 antibiotics.The results showed the phenomenon of drug resistance of the isolates was very serious.