高效液相色谱法测定芦荟及芦荟制品中的芦荟甙

建立测定芦荟及芦荟制品中芦荟甙含量的高效液相色谱方法.用甲醇超声提取、反相液相色谱法紫外检测器检测,根据色谱峰的保留时间定性,外标法定量.采用ODS柱,以甲醇一醋酸(体积比50:50)为流动相,紫外检测器于359nm处检测.结果表明:芦荟甙的进样量为10μL、流速1.0mL/min和柱温40℃时,进样量与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999);样品加标回收率为96.8%～102.0%;方法的精密度好,变异系数(CV)小于4.6%(n=10);方法检测限为0.05 mg/kg.方法快速、简便、准确,所测结果稳定、重现性好,可作为芦荟及芦荟制品中质量检验的一种定量方法.     

Comparison of the distribution of mineral nutrients and active substances in dehydration- and salinity-stressed Aloe vera L.

Changes in growth and distribution of inorganic mineral elements and organic active substances in seedlings of A. vera were examined under treatments of ?0.44 and ?0.88 MPa polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) and corresponding isosmotic sodium chloride (NaCl). All stress treatments inhibited plant growth, with NaCl severely inhibiting the growth of the seedlings than PEG. However, leaf biomass did not change significantly. The nitrogen concentration under PEG was maintained higher than that under NaCl. Salinity caused more severe ionic imbalance than dehydration. However, when the concentration of NaCl was increased, ion homeostasis was maintained. Stressors induced an increase in aloin concentration in leaves, especially in young leaves. Polysaccharide concentrations in leaves did not change under dehydration. However, the polysaccharide concentration decreased in the middle and base leaves under NaCl. A. vera exhibited high adaptability to suitable osmotic stress, which increases its main active ingredients in leaves.     

稀释海水灌溉的芦荟中矿质营养与有效成分分布情况研究

With increasing demand for irrigation water, agricultural scientists and planners pay more attention to the utilization of diluted seawater as an alternative source for irrigation of crops. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study how seawater stress（SS） affects growth, water content, cationic accumulation, and active ingredients in leaves of Aloe vera after 30 d of growth in nutrient media with 0%（control）, 22%（22% SS）, and 42%（42% SS） seawater stress. Results indicated the SS did not change dry biomass of leaves and stems, but gradually decreased biomass allocation to roots with increasing seawater stress. Na^＋ and Cl^- in A. vera plant did not increase obviously with a big increase in seawater percentage due to low transpiration of Aloe vera. 42% SS decreased N concentration in most plant organs, but did not change or increased P concentration. Seawater stress tended to decrease concentrations of K^＋ and Ca^2＋ in A. vera. However, seawater salinity tended to increase the concentrations of aloin concentration in top（young） and middle leaves, and there was no significant effect of both stresses on aloin concentration in base（old） leaves. The 42% SS treatment decreased polysaccharide concentrations only in the base leaves, but not in top and middle leaves. In summary, supplying suitably diluted seawater for 30 d could increase the qualities and value of A. vera, without substantial effects on shoot dry biomass production.     

芦荟属植物含芦荟素结构研究

应用植物解剖学、组织化学、荧光显微镜、透射电镜及植物化学技术，研究了芦荟属AloeL．植物茎、叶的结构与芦荟素类物质积累的关系。结果表明，叶维管柬内的大型薄壁细胞为芦荟素的主要贮存结构。其来源于原形成层，属特化的韧皮部大型薄壁细胞。芦荟素在叶的同化组织细胞的质体中合成，通过质外体途径转运到维管柬鞘细胞，由其胞间连丝运送到大型薄壁细胞内贮存。该属植物叶内维管柬的密度、大型薄壁细胞的大小和同化组织的厚度与芦荟素含量呈正相关。同一植物中芦荟素的含量为幼叶〉成熟叶〉衰老叶，叶片顶部〉中部〉基部，并与其维管柬的密度呈正相关。研究结果澄清了有关芦荟中含芦荟素结构的一些争议。     

HPLC法测定芦荟体内芦荟苷、芦荟大黄素含量的研究

通过对比试验探讨了对芦荟中芦荟苷、芦荟大黄素的提取方法。对HPLC法同时测定芦荟体内芦荟苷、芦荟大黄素含量的方法进行了探讨。分别对流动相、检测波长等条件进行了优化,并进行了仪器精密度试验、方法精密度试验以及回收率测定,最终确立了应用HPLC测定芦荟体内芦荟苷、芦荟大黄素含量的色谱条件。     

供氮水平对芦荟幼苗生长、硝酸盐和次生代谢产物含量的影响

采用温室砂培试验研究了不同氮素水平(5.0、7.5、10.01、5.01、7.5.mmol/L)对二年生库拉索芦荟生长和蒽醌、芦荟甙等次生代谢产物及硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,供氮水平由5.0.mmol/L增加到10.0.mmol/L,库拉索芦荟地上部产量和总生物量显著增加,继续提高氮水平芦荟地上部产量和总生物量没有显著增加;芦荟根干重及其根冠比则随着氮水平的增加而下降;叶片和根系的硝酸盐含量则随施氮浓度的提高呈增加趋势。供氮浓度从5.0mmol/L增加到10.0.mmol/L时,叶片的维生素C(Vc)含量显著增加,继续提高供氮水平,叶片Vc含量则明显下降;蒽醌含量则随施氮水平的上升而不断增大,但施氮10.0、15.0、17.5.mmol/L的处理间没有显著性差异。芦荟甙含量变化趋势和Vc含量相似,以施氮10.0.mmol/L为最高,其含量分别是其它处理的1.4、1.2、1.4、1.3倍。由此可见,芦荟在供氮10.0.mmol/L时能够获得较高的产量和蒽醌含量,较低的硝酸盐含量和高的Vc和芦荟甙含量,表明适宜的供氮水平是芦荟高产优质的保证。     

芦荟多糖和芦荟蒽醌类物质防辐射研究进展

随着人们对生存环境中各种辐射危害的深入了解,防辐射功能产品的研发逐渐成为保健食品行业关注的热点。详细阐述了芦荟多糖和芦荟蒽醌类物质在防辐射方面的研究进展,通过对比分析认为芦荟多糖和芦荟蒽醌类物质是芦荟具有防辐射作用的主要功能性成分,为后期防辐射产品开发利用和市场推广提供理论基础。     

超声波提取芦荟中芦荟苷的工艺研究

为探讨提取芦荟中芦荟苷的最佳工艺条件,以芦荟苷含量为指标,超声波辅助法进行正交试验,确定芦荟苷提取工艺。结果表明:超声波提取的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇浓度80%,料液比1∶55,超声温度35℃,超声时间40min。在此条件下,用紫外分光光度法测定所提取芦荟苷的含量为8.520mg·g-1。芦荟苷正交提取工艺的研究结果可靠。     

芦荟中芦荟素含量的测定

建立了高效液相色谱法测定芦荟中芦荟素含量的方法。芦荟用甲醇、水提取,在354 nm波长下检测,色谱柱为Discovery(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇∶水=50∶50(V/V),流速:1.0 mL/min。芦荟素的质量浓度在5.0~80.0 mg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.2%,回收率为95.0%~98.3%。     

RP-HPLC法测定荟酚杀菌防腐剂中芦荟苷及茶多酚的含量

建立了反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)测定荟酚杀菌防腐剂中有效成分芦荟苷、茶多酚的含量测定的方法。采用ZORBAX SB-C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相分别为乙腈-水、0.1%磷酸水溶液-甲醇,流速为0.70 m L/min、检测波长分别为355、279 nm,柱温35℃。结果表明,芦荟苷在0.044~0.264 mg/m L(r=0.999 2)、茶多酚在0.081 6~2.937 6 mg/m L(r=0.999 1)范围内,其质量浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;芦荟苷的平均加样回收率为98.25%,相对标准偏差RSD为2.07%、茶多酚的平均加样回收率为100.31%,相对标准偏差RSD为1.42%(n=5),3个不同批次的荟酚杀菌防腐剂中芦荟苷、茶多酚的平均含量分别为0.095、0.090 mg/m L。该方法操作简便、准确度高、重现性好,可作为荟酚杀菌防腐剂中有效成分芦荟苷及茶多酚的含量测定方法。