促生内生真菌对环草石斛幼苗生理代谢的影响

研究了促生内生真菌S12、S50对环草石斛幼苗生物量、光合作用特征、酶活力、蛋白质和脯氨酸含量的影响.结果表明:菌株S12和S50对环草石斛的光合速率、蛋白质含量和生物量有显著提高,并在短时间内迅速提高环草石斛的叶绿素含量、Chla/Chlb值、脯氨酸含量以及SOD、POD和PAL活力.但随着时间的延长,其作用效果逐渐减弱并回到对照水平.     

长期冻存对昆虫细胞系SL2和NIH-SaPe-4活性的影响

对2种双翅目昆虫细胞系(黑腹果蝇胚细胞系SL2以及麻蝇胚细胞系NIH-SaPe-4)38个月长期液氮深低温保存效果进行了研究,通过对冻存时间和保护剂对2种细胞系冻后活力、圆度以及恢复时间影响的测定,比较了3种不同配方冻存保护液的效果。结果表明:2种昆虫细胞系冻后活性均随着冻存时间的增长而逐渐降低。长期冻存期中,使用90%胎牛血清(FBS)+10%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)冻存SL2效果较好,NIH-SaPe-4使用10%DMSO即可满足冻存的需要,而无需额外添加高浓度FBS。甘油不适用于这2种昆虫细胞系的长期保存。     

陇县八渡二代油松无性系种子园子代测定苗期试验

对陇县八渡二代油松无性系种子园31个家系2年生子代苗主要生长性状苗高和地径进行测定,通过方差分析、遗传变异分析和多重比较等多种统计方法分析,表明油松优良家系苗在苗高、地径性状上的差异均达极显著水平,苗高和地径均值分别大于对照10.26%和11.53%,遗传增益分别达到了9.68%和9.12%。验证了二代无性系种子园建设的合理性和可靠性。通过对优良家系的初步综合评价,选出了B56、C1、C14、B37、81-69-66、B25、81-77-29、G1和B63等9个苗期生长表现较优的优良家系作为进一步遗传改良材料,选择效果显著。     

饲料中黄霉素A的测定

本试验建立了高效液相色谱法测定饲料中黄霉素A的方法。饲料中的黄霉素经提取,并用C18小柱净化后,对其进行高效液相色谱测定。此方法黄霉素定量限为2mg/kg,黄霉素A定量限为1.5mg/kg。黄霉素添加浓度为2、3、5mg/kg时,黄霉素A的回收率在88.5%～113.2%之间,变异系数在2.2%～5.1%之间。     

维生素E对秦川牛冷冻精液的抗氧化保护作用

本试验旨在研究维生素E对秦川牛细管冷冻精液品质和精浆中抗氧化酶活性的影响.在稀释液中分别添加0.00、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08、0.10 mg·mL~(-1)的维生素E,将细管冻精解冻(37.5℃,30 s)后用伟力精子分析系统分析精子活力和精子顶体完整率等标准参数,并用相关试剂盒测定精浆中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.结果表明:当维生素E添加量为0.04mg·mL~(-1)时,精子活力与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),SOD、GSH、CAT 3种酶活性与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05).当维生素E的添加量为0.06 mg·mL~(-1)时,冷冻-解冻后精子活力显著高于对照组(P<0.05),顶体完整率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);GR和CAT酶活性与对照组相比均差异显著(P<0.05).当维生素E的添加量为0.08 mg·mL~(-1)时,精子活力、活率及顶体完整率与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),GSH与对照相组比差异极显著(P<0.01),GR及CAT与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05).在冷冻精液稀释液中添加维生素E可以有效提高冷冻-解冻后秦川牛精液品质及精浆中SOD、CAT、GSH、GR酶的活性,稀释液中维生素E的适宜添加量为0.04～0.08 mg·mL~(-1).     

树仔菜植株多糖的提取与测定

采用超声萃取法、浸泡提取法和加热回流提取法进行树仔菜多糖的提取研究,并用苯酚-硫酸法进行多糖含量测定。结果表明,超声萃取法提取效率最高,树仔菜植株中多糖含量为0.36%。该分析方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏度好。     

八种杀菌剂对橡胶树红根病菌的毒力测定

采用生长速率法,在室内测定8种杀菌剂对橡胶树红根病病原菌Ganoderma pseudoferreum（Wakef.）Over.etsteinm GP-010菌株的毒力。结果表明：参试药剂对橡胶树红根病病原菌均具有较高的敏感性,其中12.5%己唑醇WP对橡胶红根病菌生长的抑制作用最强,其EC50值为0.04 mg/L;25%戊菌唑WP、25%丙环唑EC的抑制作用相对较强,其EC50值分别为0.29和0.32 mg/L,其余依次为75%十三吗啉EC、20%三唑酮EC、12.5%烯唑醇WP、25%咪鲜胺EC及25%腈菌唑EC,EC50值分别为0.46、1.38、1.46、2.39和2.94 mg/L。     

粗饲料品质及戊酸对奶牛纤维素酶活力的影响

本试验利用体外批次培养法,研究了奶牛3种不同品质粗饲料日粮及添加戊酸对培养液纤维素酶活力的影响,并进一步探讨了粗饲料品质及添加戊酸对培养液纤维物质降解率的影响机理.体外试验选用体况良好、体重和胎次相近的安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的3头荷斯坦奶牛,以供采集瘤胃液.固定精粗比为45:55条件下配制3种混合日粮,用GI指数对粗饲料品质进行测定,形成含高GI粗料日粮组(1号料,粗料GI=2.89 MJ)、含中GI粗料日粮组(2号料,粗料GI=1.73 MJ)和含低CI粗料日粮组(3号料,粗料GI=0.65 MJ).结果表明:随着粗饲料品质的提高,培养液羧甲基纤维素酶活力和木聚糖酶活力显著提高(P<0.05);粗饲料品质对滤纸酶活力没有产生显著影响(P>0.05);滤纸酶活力和羧甲基纤维素酶活力峰值出现在培养后6h,木聚糖酶活力峰值出现在培养后9h;戊酸的添加使3种混合粗料日粮培养液3种酶活力显著提高(P<0.05).     

Determination of the Number of SSR Alleles Necessary for the Analysis of Genetic Relationships Between Maize Inbred Lines

The amount of molecular marker information has considerable impact on the results of studies of crop germplasm genetic relationships in crop. The number of alleles required to reveal genetic relationship in maize inbred lines is a theoretical issue that needs to be addressed. In this study, 112 pairs of SSR （simple sequence repeat） primers and 97 maize inbred lines were selected to study the relationship between the number of inbred lines and the number of SSR primers and alleles required for a stable cluster. The results showed that the number of SSR primers is not tightly associated with the stability of the cluster analysis results, while an increase in the number of alleles can significantly improve the stability of cluster analysis results. The number of inbred lines （X） is significantly associated with the number of alleles required for stable cluster analysis （Y）, and the regression equation is Y- 600.8xe（-15.9/x）. This equation can be used to calculate the number of SSR alleles required for a genetic relationship study of maize inbred lines. These results provide a reference for determining of SSR alleles number in genetic relationship analysis of maize inbred line and other crop germplasm.     

Effects of Cinnamon Acid on Respiratory Rate and Its Related Enzymes Activity in Roots of Seedlings of Malus hupehensis Rehd

This paper studied the effects of cinnamon acid treatments on the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity in the seedling roots of Malus hupehensis Rehd.It would provide information for understanding the mechanisms of inhibition damage caused by continuous cultivation of apple tree.20 mL of solution containing different concentrations of cinnamon acid was added into container with the tested seedlings.After treatment,the samples were taken periodically and the respiratory rates were measured by OXY-LAB oxygen electrodes under 25°C stable temperature and then the activities of related enzymes were measured.The rates of total respiration and other 2 pathways [tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA） and pentose phosphate pathway （PPP）] appeared initially an increasing treads and late （on the 3rd d） began to decline.However,they again appeared an increase trend at the end period,on the contrast,the respiratory rate of embden-meyer- hot-parnas （EMP） pathway appeared a stead decline tread but it had a recover on the last day.The respiratory rate of total and 3 pathways were decreased under 125 mg kg-1 （soil）.The dynamic trends of the enzymes activities of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase （PFK）,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G-6-PDH） and malate dehydrogenase （MDH） showed similarly.In conclusion,treatments of certain concentration of cinnamon acid would inhibit the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity of roots of M.hupehensis Rehd.And the inhibition degrees were positively related with concentration of cinnamon acid treatments.