引进国外先进技术 促进北京市草莓产业快速发展

为加强日系草莓品种的抗病性,减轻病虫害危害、增加产量,以提高京郊草莓种植水平,北京市农业技术推广站在北京市对外科技交流协会的支持下,先后聘请日本专家对北京市草莓生产进行技术指导。通过技术交流,先后引进了草莓高架基质栽培、营养钵育苗和高架网槽式育苗等新型技术,丰富了北京市草莓栽培模式,提升了草莓种苗的品质,有效地促进了北...     

微生物学实验教学内容体系的改革与实践

为激发学生实验兴趣,培养学生创新能力,在微生物实验教学中通过构建新的实验体系、合理安排实验顺序、改验证性实验为探索性实验等改革,建立了合理的微生物学实验课程测验系统,有效提高了微生物学实验教学质量,培养了学生独立自主的创新能力。     

Application of Organic Wastes in a Soil Polluted with Different Rates of Cr-Pb: Effects on Soil Biological Properties

An experiment was performed to determine the effects of adding municipal solid waste (MSW) and poultry manure (PM) to a soil polluted with chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and Cr + Pb on the biological parameters of the soil. Soil was mixed with two solutions of Cr(NO₃)₃ and/or Pb(NO₃)₂ to give three concentrations (0, 100, and 250 mg Cr kg^?1 soil and 0, 100, and 250 mg Pb kg^?1 soil) and treated with MSW or PM. When the soil was contaminated with the metals without combining, the greatest adenosine triphosphate (ATP), urease, and phosphatase inhibition percentages occurred for 250 mg Pb kg^?1 soil. When the heavy metals were mixed, the inhibition of the biochemical parameters increased. The application of MSW and PM decreased the inhibition of the biochemical parameters and microbial population in the polluted soils. The inhibition percentage was greater for the soil amended with MSW than with PM, possibly due to the high humic acid concentration.     

副溶血性弧菌生长预测模型的建立与应用探讨

通过测定2株副溶血性弧菌4~40℃的生长曲线,研究它们的生长规律,运用预测食品微生物学的方法,分别对它们建立初级和二级预测模型。结果表明,副溶血性弧菌的生长曲线在低温阶段,适用线性回归方程拟合;在适温阶段,生长曲线都呈典型的S形,适合用Gompertz模型拟合。二级模型采用平方根方程的扩展式Ratkowsky3式拟合,根据二级预测模型,分别得出副溶血性弧菌的最低生长温度Tmin,最高生长温度Tmax和最适生长温度。模型验证表明,预测值和实测值的残差都在±0.05范围内,偏差因子和准确因子均在可接受范围内,模型是可靠的。最后,讨论了模型的应用前景。     

关于荧光定量PCR在预测微生物学中的运用分析

预测微生物学是由计算机、微生物与统计学等学科综合而成的一种新型学科,主要利 用数学语言对微生物生长与死亡规律进行预测、描述。荧光定量PCR 主要利用荧光信号对聚合 酶链式反应进程进行监测,通过标准曲线定量分析位置模板。本文主要对荧光定量聚合酶链式 反应技术进行研究,并对其在预测微生物学中运用进行分析,以供相关人士参考。     

Zinc methionine and laminarin have growth‐enhancing properties in newly weaned pigs influencing both intestinal health and diarrhoea occurrence

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the interaction between zinc methionine (ZnM) and laminarin (LAM) on piglet growth performance and intestinal health post‐weaning. Experiment 1 was designed as 2 × 2 factorial with four treatments [n = 8, weaning age (WA) 24 days, live weight (LW) 7.15 kg]: (i) basal diet (BD); (ii) BD + 500 mg/kg ZnM; (iii) BD + 300 mg/kg LAM; and (iv) BD + 500 mg/kg ZnM + 300 mg/kg LAM. There was an interaction (p < 0.05) between LAM and ZnM. Pigs that were offered the LAM diet had a similar performance to the BD. However, when combining LAM with ZnM, pigs had reduced average daily gain (ADG), gain‐to‐feed ratio (G:F) and LW at slaughter at day 8 post‐weaning compared to the ZnM. Both LAM and ZnM improved the small intestinal morphology of the pigs at day 8 post‐weaning. Experiment 2 was designed as 2 × 2 factorial with four dietary treatments (n = 9, WA 24 days, LW 7.32 kg): (i) BD; (ii) BD + 500 mg/kg ZnM; (iii) BD + 175 mg/kg LAM; and (iv) BD + 500 mg/kg ZnM + 175 mg/kg LAM. The ADG and average daily feed intake were improved between day 0 and 31 PW when pigs were offered a LAM diet (p < 0.01). Faecal scores were reduced between day 0 and day 31 post‐weaning with ZnM (p < 0.001). Experiment 3 consisted of four dietary treatments (n = 10, WA 24 days, LW 7.32 kg): (i) BD; (ii) BD + 3300 mg/kg zinc oxide (ZnO); (iii) BD + 500 mg/kg ZnM; and (iv) BD + 175 mg/kg LAM. Pigs that were offered the ZnO diet had an increased ADG compared to the BD or ZnM diets (p < 0.01). Pigs that were offered the LAM diet had increased ADG compared to the ZnM diet (p < 0.05). Faecal scores were reduced between day 0 and day 31 PW with ZnM or ZnO supplementation (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the inclusion of 175 mg/kg LAM and ZnO improved ADG while both ZnO and ZnM reduced the faecal scores post‐weaning.     

《微生物学》实验教学改革与实践——以“工业微生物菌种保藏技术”综合设计性实验的开设为例

通过分析《微生物学》实验教学中存在的问题,提出了完善《微生物学》实验教学的措施。实践证明,＂工业微生物菌种保藏技术＂综合设计性实验采用一种新颖的教学模式,不仅调动和激发了学生的学习热情,锻炼了学生的独立能力,提高了学生的综合科研素质,而且培养了学生相互合作的团队精神。该教学模式为工业微生物学实验课程教学注入了新的活力。     

基因芯片技术及其在动物微生物研究中的应用

介绍了基因芯片技术及其在动物微生物研究中病原体检测和分型、致病机理、宿主与病原体的相互影响以及耐药性检测等方面的应用情况,分析了限制该技术应用和发展的主要问题,并对其应用前景作了展望。     

宏基因组DNA分析技术在传统发酵乳制品微生物多样性研究中的应用

本文对近几年广泛应用于传统发酵乳制品微生物多样性分析的宏基因组DNA分析技术进行了综述,尤其是对基于16S rRNA基因序列的分子标记技术,如:变性梯度凝胶电泳、限制性片段长度多态性分析、末端标记限制片段长度多态性分析、单链构象多态性等以及这些方法的研究进展.     

食品微生物检验技术网站设计

精品课程建设是提高教学质量的重要途径,课程网站是精品课程实施的关键部分,也是学生自学的重要平台。介绍了2009年国家精品课程——食品微生物检验技术网站建设,针对高职高专精品课程评审需求,阐述了申报网站设计、课程网站建设、网站系统模块开发等环节的设计思路,并对网站的使用和维护提出了建议。