超临界CO2流体萃取核桃油工艺条件的研究

由于核桃油中不饱和脂肪酸含量很高 ,核桃蛋白又容易变性 ,所以普通的油脂制取方法对该产品品质有不利的影响 .根据核桃油的品质特性 ,该试验对超临界CO2 流体萃取核桃油的工艺条件进行了研究 .通过对萃取压力、萃取温度、物料粒度、萃取时间 4个操作条件的试验探索 ,得出了最佳操作工艺参数 :压力 32MPa、温度 4 0℃、物料粒度 30目 (即粒径约为 0 5mm)、萃取时间 3 5h .采用该工艺制取的核桃油完全可以达到一级食用油标准 ,也符合欧洲经济共同体 (EEC)对核桃油的要求 .     

猪粪便污水PSB液肥化及其对绿豆插条不定根发生的促进作用

研究结果表明,用猪粪便污水培养光合细菌(简称PSB)生产PSB液肥是可行的,但须进行预酸化处理;猪粪便污水发酵液(CODcr2 173 mg/L)通过8 d培养获得的光合细菌液肥PSB含量可达4.5×108MPN/mL。采用蒸馏水、“绿泉”植物营养液和光合细菌液肥(分别稀释50、100、200和400倍)等6种供试液进行绿豆不定根发生生物试验。结果表明:光合细菌液肥能明显促进绿豆插条不定根发生,其中稀释200倍液的绿豆不定根数量、长度和生物量与蒸馏水处理相比,分别增加24%、57%和73%,而且不定根出现时间比蒸馏水提早3 d。猪粪便污水光合细菌液肥化技术,可为农业循环经济的实施提供很好的技术支持,有助于禽畜养殖业的可持续发展。     

长航时轻型固定翼农用遥感无人机设计与仿真

针对电动无人机应用于农业遥感监测时受其续航时间限制的问题,从实际应用角度出发,设计了一种续航时间长、适用于农业遥感监测的翼身融合布局的轻型电动固定翼无人机。提出了翼身融合布局轻型固定翼无人机的总体设计方法,确定了轻型固定翼无人机的结构参数,建立了物理模型并对其参数进行了优化分析。通过计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)分析计算了翼身融合布局轻型固定翼无人机的气动性能,基于流固耦合模型动态分析了其飞行状态下的受力分布。结果表明,优化模型较初始设计模型的升阻比提高了2.6%,在迎角为6°、巡航速度为15.5 m/s时,所设计的翼身融合布局轻型固定翼无人机机身压力分布合理,且拥有良好的气动特性。起飞质量为1.5 kg时,无人机下表面压力最大,为143 Pa,升力主要集中在机翼前缘部分,计算所得理论续航时间为65 min,在巡航阶段最大变形量0.288 38 mm,符合飞行器工作条件,无人机结构和选用材料均满足设计和使用要求。本文设计的电动轻型固定翼农用遥感无人机在结构、材料和性能方面均适用于农业遥感监测。     

Inconel 718合金的磁性复合流体抛光工艺

针对Inconel 718合金材料加工中不断提高的表面质量需求,研究了采用磁性复合流体(Magnetic compound fluid)抛光Inconel718合金材料的加工工艺。根据磁性复合流体抛光原理搭建Inconel718合金抛光实验平台,进行不同抛光方向、抛光时间、抛光转速等工艺参数下的Inconel718合金抛光实验,对工件表面的表面粗糙度、微观形貌进行了测试与分析。实验结果表明:当抛光转速800 r/min,抛光间距3 mm,抛光时间10 min时,Inconel718合金表面粗糙度Ra下降约至0.1μm。     

超临界CO2抗溶剂法纯化大豆异黄酮的研究

测定了大豆异黄酮中两种主要成分染料木甙和大豆黄甙的雾点压力。采用有机溶剂提取和超临界CO2抗溶剂技术通过两次膨胀进行大豆异黄酮的精制，得到的产品中大豆异黄酮含量高于90%，异黄酮收率大于78%，该研究为超临界CO2抗溶剂技术在天然极性物质分离纯化中的应用提供了新的思路。     

蒸汽烫漂与热风干燥箱流场优化设计及仿真

农产品的烫漂与干燥是农产品加工的关键技术。农产品蒸汽烫漂与热风干燥箱是集烫漂与干燥一体的新型农产品绿色保质低碳智能干燥技术装备。农产品蒸汽烫漂与热风干燥箱内部流场均匀性直接影响着农产品烫漂与干燥效果。为提高其内部速度均匀性与温湿度均匀性,同时减少冷凝现象发生,采用计算流体力学（computational fluid dynamics,CFD）方法建立蒸汽烫漂与热风干燥箱模型,对其送风方式和送风口数量进行研究。结果表明：侧送侧回的送风方式在速度场以及温湿度场的均匀性总体优于上送下回,能量利用系数提高约18%,箱内壁面冷凝面积小于上送下回。仿真研究表明,当送风口数量为4个时,箱内的温度场和相对湿度场均匀性更好,能量利用系数最高。试验表明,蒸汽烫漂与热风干燥箱的试验值和仿真值最大温度偏差为2.3 ℃,相对湿度误差不超过1.3%,误差在合理范围内,仿真结果可靠,研究结果可为农产品低碳智能干燥新技术的研究提供参考。     

Proteomic Characterization of Equine Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a biofluid that is reflective of overall health. Although proteomic profiling of human CSF has been performed in the context of a variety of disease states, this report represents the first comprehensive proteomic analysis of equine CSF. A total of 320 proteins were confidently identified across six healthy horses, and these proteins were further characterized by gene ontology terms mapped in UniProt, and normalized spectral abundance factors were calculated as a measure of relative abundance. Theses results provide an optimized protocol for analysis of equine CSF and lay the groundwork for future studies involving the study of equine CSF in the context of pathogenic disease states.     

Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), hatcheries: studies on broodstock, eggs, fry and environment

The occurrence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum at four rainbow trout hatcheries was investigated to provide more knowledge about the reservoirs and transmission of this bacterium. Broodstock were sampled at stripping (including both unfertilized and fertilized eggs), and the offspring were then sampled at the eyed egg and fry stages. Water and surface samples (e.g. hatchery trays) were also sampled. Flavobacterium psychrophilum was found in ovarian fluid and milt, indicating that broodstock may serve as a reservoir and are latent carriers of the pathogen. Flavobacterium psychrophilum was not found on or inside eggs, but further egg studies will be necessary to elucidate the possibility of vertical transmission of the pathogen. Flavobacterium psychrophilum was isolated from water samples, but only from water that had been in close contact with farmed rainbow trout or eggs. Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates were characterized and compared with well-characterized strains, using degradation of elastin, serotype and ribotype profiles. Different ribotypes of F. psychrophilum were found between hatcheries, but a common ribotype A was found at all four hatcheries. Different ribotypes were found in broodstock without clinical disease, whereas only a few ribotypes (mostly ribotype A) were found in diseased fry. The same ribotype A was found in broodstock, in water samples from hatchery trays and in fry, which suggests the possibility of transmission of F. psychrophilum between broodstock and offspring.     

长吻鮠精子保存液在人工授精中的应用试验

分别在安徽长江流域的无为和淮河流域的滁州进行长吻鮠的人工繁殖,使用LRH-A2、PG、混合激素B型、DOM 进行催产,从长江捕获的亲鱼立即催产,其催产率为66．67％,受精率80％-85％,经培育选择后催产率为83．33％,受精率65%- 87％。在滁州经多年培育的亲鱼催产率为100％,受精率78％-95％。精子保存液在精子保存和人工授精中使用效果良好。在冰桶内保存,20-30 h仍能保持良好的受精能力。