BmNPV半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因的核苷酸序列研究

对家蚕核型多角体病毒苏州株（BmNPVsu）光胱氨酸蛋白酶基因（CP）的序列分析表明,该基因读码框为972个核苷酸,编码323个氨基酸。同源性分析表明,BmNPVsu的CP与首蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒（AcNPV）、美国白蛾核型多角体病毒（HcNPV）、云杉卷叶蛾核型多角体病毒（CfNPV）、黄杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒（OpNPV）、舞毒蛾核型多角体病毒（Ld-NPV）在DNA水平上的同源性分别为96.5％、76.2％、74.9％、72.7％、62.9％;在氨基酸水平上的同源性分别为96.9％、77.1％、79.3％、77.1％、65.6％。BmNPV CP的氨基酸序列与不同来源的木瓜蛋白酶超家族的CP也具有较高的同源性,特别与 Trpanosoma brucei的CP具有较高的一致性,达32％。在组织蛋白酶B、H、L、S以及木瓜蛋白酶的36个保守氨基酸残基中有31种出现在BmNPVsu的CP中,BmNPVsu CP同其它杆状病毒CP一样,可看作木瓜蛋白酶超家族成员。     

激素对小麦叶片中蛋白质水解酶活性的影响

用脱落酸和玉米素及二者的混合溶液 (脱落酸 /玉米素 =2× 10 - 4mol.L- 1/ 10 - 4mol.L- 1)处理小麦幼苗及离体的叶片 ,脱落酸可提高叶片中蛋白质水解酶活性 ,玉米素则抑制蛋白质水解酶活性的上升。混合激素溶液倾向于玉米素对蛋白质水解酶的抑制作用。     

绵羊瘤胃微生物胞外蛋白酶性质的研究

本试验测定了pH、温度和EDTA对纯化的绵羊的瘤胃微生物胞外蛋白酶活性的影响,并用一已知氨基酸排列顺序的肽段(由15个氨基酸组成)作为底物,进一步测定了蛋白酶的酶切位点。结果表明,(1)纯化蛋白酶的最适pH在6.0～6.5之间,最适温度为40℃左右。(2)不同浓度的EDTA(浓度分别为1,10,25,50,75和100mM)对蛋白酶活性没有影响,因而该酶属于丝氨酸蛋白酶类。(3)纯化蛋白酶是一种内肽酶,其酶切位点在组氨酸—酪氨酸(?)、天冬氨酸—丙氨酸(?)、亮氨酸—赖氨酸(?)和(或)缬氨酸—赖氨酸(?)相连的肽键。(4)胰蛋白酶和纯化的蛋白酶虽同属丝氨酸蛋白酶类,但前者对底物具有高度的专一性,后者对底物的专一性不强,这是瘤胃内饲料蛋白质强烈降解的主要原因之     

The serine protease inhibitors and SERPINE1/2 disrupt prostaglandin E2 production and hyaluronic acid retention in FSH‐stimulated pig cumulus–oocyte complexes

The serine proteases, tissue‐ and urokinase‐type plasminogen activators (PLAT and PLAU) and their inhibitors SERPINE1/2 are regulators of plasminogen to plasmin conversion. They are widely expressed in ovarian tissues, including granulosa and cumulus cells, and their expression is regulated by gonadotropins. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of serine protease inhibitors (aprotinin and AEBSF) and SERPINE1/2 on FSH‐induced cumulus cell expansion, the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and retention of hyaluronic acid (HA) in expanding cumulus. The serine protease activity proved to be essential for the production of PGE2 and also for the retention of HA; the inhibition of plasminogen activators by SERPINE1/2 had the same effect. Collectively, these data indicate that plasmin is required for proper function of expanding cumulus cells in vitro and presumably also in vivo in the pre‐ovulatory follicles.     

不同蛋白能量比饲料对草鱼幼鱼消化酶活性的影响

以鱼粉和豆粕为蛋白源,鱼油和豆油等比例混合油为脂肪源,共配制4个蛋白水平(20%、25%、30%、35%),每一蛋白水平设4个脂肪水平(4.5%、8%、11.5%、15%),共16组饲料。每组设3个重复,在水温23~29℃下,连续投喂初始体重为(16.84±0.28)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)10周,研究不同蛋白能量比饲料对草鱼幼鱼消化酶活性的影响。结果显示:肠道蛋白酶的活性随着饲料蛋白含量的升高而显著升高(P<0.05),饲料蛋白水平在20%~30%时,饲料中的脂肪水平对蛋白酶活性影响不显著(P>0.05),蛋白水平在35%时,高脂肪抑制了蛋白酶活性,肝胰脏的蛋白酶变化规律类似于肠道;肠道和肝胰脏淀粉酶活性在饲料蛋白含量相同的情况下,随着脂肪含量的升高呈现显著的下降趋势(P<0.05),但饲料中蛋白(30%,35%)和脂肪(8%,11.5%,15%)含量较高时,淀粉酶活性较稳定;肠道和肝胰脏的脂肪酶活性在饲料蛋白含量相同的情况下,随着脂肪含量的升高,呈显著上升的趋势(P<0.05),但在蛋白含量(30%,35%)和脂肪含量(8%、11.5%,15%)的6个试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在脂肪含量分别为4.5%、8%和11.5%时,饲料的蛋白含量对肠道的脂肪酶活性无显著性影响(P>0.05),当脂肪含量为15%时,随着蛋白含量的升高,肠道的脂肪酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。结果表明,草鱼饲料中蛋白含量为30%和脂肪为8%(即蛋白能量比21.7 mg/kJ)的试验组草鱼获得较高的消化酶活性。     

Co~（2＋）对渗透胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片乙烯产生率及蛋白酶活性的影响

在－１．０ＭＰａＰＥＧ渗透胁迫下，小麦幼苗叶片乙烯产生速率和蛋白酶活性随胁迫时间延长递增，蛋白质和叶绿素含量递减。在－１．０ＭＰａＰＥＧ溶液中加入２ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣｏＣｌ２处理可以抑制乙烯的产生及蛋白酶的活性，对蛋白质和叶绿素起到保护作用。同时还观察到，渗透胁迫过程中乙烯的产生速率与叶片的衰老过程具有正相关性，加入Ｃｏ２＋能一定程度的减轻渗透胁迫造成的伤害。     

Colostral Trypsin-Inhibitor Capacity in Different Animal Species

Colostral trypsin-inhibitor capacity was monitored during the first two weeks from parturition. The colostrum of the mare, sow, cow and ewe showed high antitrypsin activity at parturition, decreasing to about one hundredth during the first week. Canine milk remained on a relatively high antitrypsin level, and human milk was poor in antitrypsin from childbirth. The antitrypsin content seems to parallel the known changes in the colostral immunoglobulin levels of different species. The role of antitrypsin in protection of immunoglobulins from proteolytic damage during passive transfer of immunity to the newborn is obvious.     

Protein degradation and protease activity of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) muscle during spawning migration

Sarcoplasmic protein content decreased significantly and myosin heavy chain was degraded gradually during spawning migration of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). Acid and neutral proteinase activities increased significantly during spawning migration. These proteinase activities were higher in females than in males. High levels of acid proteinase were not caused by the injury of lysosomal membranes. Considering the physiological states of chum salmon, neutral proteinase activity might be related to the degradation of muscle protein. As the changes in serum sex steroids were similar to those in the protease activities during spawning migration, it was considered that high levels of protease activity during spawning migration were closely related to the serum levels of androgens.     

黄绿绿僵菌对马铃薯瓢虫体内脯活性的影响

对感染黄绿绿僵菌后的马铃薯瓢虫幼虫体内几种酶进行测定，结果表明：黄绿绿僵菌对于马铃薯瓢虫幼虫体内的蛋白质含量、蛋白酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性，都有不同程度的影响，其中对蛋白含量和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的影响较大。