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61.
利用大豆分离蛋白-磷脂酰胆碱作为复合乳化剂包埋异硫氰酸苄酯(BITC),通过射流空化机制备成纳米乳液以提高其冻融稳定性。以出油率和乳层析指数为稳定性指标,研究了射流空化压力及冻融循环次数对纳米乳液冻融稳定性的影响;通过乳液冻融过程热特性分析,研究了不同射流空化压力下改性大豆分离蛋白-磷脂作为乳化剂时冻融过程中乳液结晶及融化的热行为。结果发现:当空化压力为0. 8 MPa时,所制得的BITC纳米乳液乳层析指数比未处理样品降低了51. 39%,出油率较未处理样品下降83. 64%,平均粒径为(252±6. 2) nm,PDI为0. 114±0. 034,ζ-电位为(-27. 2±0. 6) m V;通过光学显微镜观测到,BITC被包埋于复合乳化剂中,且均匀分布在乳液体系,处于相对稳定状态;样品热特性的差异对比表明,射流空化改性蛋白-磷脂能显著增加乳液冻融稳定性。 相似文献
62.
Claudio C. Natalini Carolina L. Krahn Priscila B.S. Serpa Joanna E. Griffith Ricardo Miyasaka de Almeida 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(2):219-227
Objective
To investigate the efficacy of a new intravenous (IV) nanoemulsified isoflurane formulation for maintenance of general anesthesia in dogs.Study design
Prospective, crossover, experimental study.Animals
Seven healthy, mature, mixed-breed dogs, three male and four female, weighing 11.5 ± 1.5 kg.Methods
Anesthesia was induced with propofol for instrumentation. Measurements were obtained before administration of either inhaled isoflurane (Iso-I) or IV 15% isoflurane-loaded lipid nanoemulsion (Iso-nano). The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane was determined using the ‘up-and-down’ technique. A tail clamp was applied every 15 minutes for a total time of 90 minutes and isoflurane administration was adjusted according to the response. Data were recorded at 30, 60 and 90 minutes for end-tidal isoflurane concentration (Fe´Iso), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pe′CO2), inspired isoflurane concentration (FIIso), arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2), peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (fR), heart rate (HR), arterial blood pH, PaCO2, PaO2, base excess (BE), bicarbonate (HCO3?), systemic arterial pressure (sAP), and biochemical variables of blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase and creatinine.Results
No significant differences between treatments were detected for HR, fR, SaO2 or any biochemical variables (p > 0.05). In the Iso-nano treatment, sAP was significantly decreased throughout the study. Significant decreases in pH, Pe′CO2, BE and HCO3? were measured in the Iso-nano treatment. Isoflurane MAC was significantly lower in the Iso-nano than the Iso-I treatment. The dose of isoflurane (g hour?1) required to maintain general anesthesia did not differ significantly between treatments.Conclusions and clinical relevance
Administration of 15% isoflurane-loaded lipid nanoemulsion IV was effective in maintaining general anesthesia in dogs but did not reduce the amount of isoflurane necessary to maintain general anesthesia. Significant hypotension and nonrespiratory acidosis occurred with the injectable form. 相似文献63.
【目的】研制复方呋喃西林纳米乳,并检测其对奶牛子宫内膜炎的治疗效果。【方法】用紫外分光光度计测定呋喃西林在3种油相(肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(IPM)、橄榄油、石蜡油)和2种表面活性剂(聚氧乙烯醚氢化蓖麻油(RH40)、Tween-80)中的溶解度,确定纳米乳处方。采用转相乳化法制备复方呋喃西林纳米乳,对其进行质量评价,并研究其对西安和北京2个奶牛场子宫内膜炎病牛的治疗效果。【结果】复方呋喃西林纳米乳的配方是:呋喃西林1%,替硝唑0.3%,Tween-80 32.5%,Span-80 13.7%,橄榄油5%,蒸馏水47.5%(各组分含量均为质量分数)。用该配方制备的复方呋喃西林纳米乳为O/W型,乳滴呈球形,分布均匀,无粘连,平均粒径为67.20 nm,乳液澄清透明,避光保存时稳定性较好。复方呋喃西林纳米乳对西安某奶牛场子宫内膜炎病牛的治愈率为92.9%,较清宫液对照组高7.2%;有效率为92.9%,与清宫液治疗组相同。复方呋喃西林纳米乳对北京某奶牛场子宫内膜炎病牛的治愈率为66.7%,有效率为77.8%,均极显著高于宫速清溶液(P<0.01)。【结论】复方呋喃西林纳米乳研制成功,其对奶牛子宫内膜炎有较好的治疗效果。 相似文献
64.
【目的】研究5%地克珠利纳米乳对鸡球虫病的疗效。【方法】选择300只18日龄的雏鸡,随机均分为5%地克珠利纳米乳高、中、低剂量组,0.5%地克珠利溶液组,阴性对照组和阳性对照组6组,试验组和阳性对照组每只鸡经口接种柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)卵囊悬液0.5 mL(含球虫卵囊1.0×105个),阴性对照组接种等量生理盐水,感染48 h后饮水给药,按地克珠利计,5%地克珠利纳米乳高、中、低剂量组给药质量浓度分别为2.0,1.0,0.5 mg/L,0.5%地克珠利溶液组给药质量浓度为1.0 mg/L,给药5 d,阴性对照组和阳性对照组正常饮水。人工感染后第8天测定相对增重率、存活率、盲肠病变值、卵囊值和抗球虫指数。【结果】 5%地克珠利纳米乳中剂量组疗效最好,抗球虫指数达195.81,相对增重率达95.81%,存活率为100%,病变值为0,卵囊值为0。【结论】 5%地克珠利纳米乳是一种高效抗球虫药,临床推荐用量1.0 mg/L（按地克珠利计）,饮水给药。 相似文献