菜豆中总黄酮提取工艺及含量测定

目的测定菜豆豆荚总黄酮含量，优化菜豆中黄酮提取工艺。方法以芦丁为对照品通过紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量，将回流法、超声法、煎煮法提取黄酮类化合物的提取效率进行对比，采用正交法优化了超声提取工艺。用最佳提取工艺验证实验结果。结果提取次数对黄酮提取率影响显著．超声时间和乙醇浓度对提取率影响不显著。结论最佳提取工艺为85％乙醇、超声60min、提取3次，菜豆中总黄酮含量为158．86mg／100g。     

高效液相色谱法测定不同时期的日本楤木叶中芦丁含量

采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定日本楤木叶中的芦丁含量。HPLC的最佳色谱条件：检测波长为360nm，流动相为甲醇：水=43：57，柱温30℃，流速1.0mL/min。在该条件下，芦丁在0.005~0.17mg/mL浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系，平均加标回收率为100.6%，RSD为1.8%。测定结果表明，露天栽培与林下栽培的日本楤木叶中的芦丁动态累积趋势无明显差异，在8月份芦丁含量均达到最大值，分别为5.40mg/g和1.65mg/g。     

高效液相色谱法测定漆姑草中芦丁和槲皮素含量

建立了漆姑草(Sagina japonica)中芦丁和槲皮素含量的反相高效液相色谱—二极管阵列检测法,采用乙醇—超声波提取,以Shim-pack VP-ODS (200 mm×4.6 mm)为色谱柱,以甲醇∶水(含0.2％磷酸)=60∶40(V/V)为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为255 nm.芦丁和槲皮素能得到较好的分离,分别在0.03～15,00 μg/mL(r=0.999 0)和0.04～20.00 μg/mL(r=0.999 4)的浓度范围内与峰面积成良好线性关系,检测限分别为12.6和15.2 ng/mL.本方法操作简单、准确度高、重现性好,可用于漆姑草药材的质量控制,为漆姑草质量标准的制定提供依据.     

黔产重楼的品质评价

为有效控制贵州产重楼的品质,促进重楼资源的有效保护和进一步合理开发利用奠定基础,采用高效液相色谱及微波消解-ICP-MS法对贵州产重楼的品质进行研究.结果表明:贵州产重楼中β-蜕皮激素、芦丁鉴别特征明显专属性强;6种重楼皂苷的标准曲线线性良好(r＞0.999 9),回收率均在99.73％～100.08％,RSD＜1.0％;未检测出有害重金属汞、镉,且铅、砷低于5‰.结论:该方法准确、可靠,可用于黔产重楼的质量控制;贵州产重楼的各项指标均符合《中国药典》中重楼的质量标准,有优良药理作用,可以进行更多的种植和开发.     

芦丁对大鼠免疫器官指数的影响

研究天然植物提取物芦丁对大鼠免疫器官指数的影响,考察芦丁调节动物免疫功能的作用.选择16只Wistar雌性青春期大鼠,随机分为2组,每组8只,分别为对照组(每日每只灌胃生理盐水2 mL)、芦丁组(每日灌服芦丁60 mg/kg体重),正式试验为期2周.12只Wistar受孕母鼠,随机分为2组,每组6只,相同处理,从哺乳第...     

饲粮中添加芦丁对肉鸡回肠形态、免疫、抗氧化及屏障功能的影响

本试验旨在研究芦丁(rutin)对肉鸡回肠组织形态、免疫、抗氧化及屏障功能的影响。选择256只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机均分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复8只,分别饲喂基础饲粮添加0(对照组)、250、500和1 000 mg·kg^-1的芦丁。试验分为前期(1～21 d)和后期(22～42 d),试验期42 d。结果显示：1)饲粮中添加芦丁二次曲线提高21 d肉鸡回肠黏膜Bcl-2和ZO-1 mRNA的表达量(P_Q<0.05),线性增加42 d回肠绒毛高度(VH)以及回肠黏膜中Bcl-2、ZO-1和Mucin2 mRNA的表达量(P_L<0.05),且添加500 mg·kg^-1芦丁显著提高了42 d回肠VH及黏膜中ki67 mRNA的表达量(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加芦丁线性和二次曲线增加21 d回肠黏膜中分泌性免疫球蛋白(sIgA)含量(P_L<0.05;P_Q<0.05),降低42 d回肠黏膜中白细胞介素2(IL-2)mRNA的表...     

Specific and total activities of the allelochemicals identified in buckwheat

The various organs of the Polish cultivars of buckwheat were evaluated for their flavonoid content (rutin, quercetin, (+)-catechin, and (−)-epicatechin) and for their phenolic acid content (chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic, and gallic acids) to test their contribution to buckwheat allelopathic activity. The main compound found in the above-ground organs of buckwheat was rutin, followed by chlorogenic acid, and then (−)-epicatechin. The allelopathic activity, based on the specific activity of the identified compounds on lettuce seedling growth, was evaluated. Gallic acid had the highest specific activity and quercetin had the lowest. The specific activity of rutin was at the medium level compared to the other examined compounds, but as a consequence of its high concentration, its total activity was very high. The growth inhibitory effects of the aqueous extracts of the buckwheat leaves and inflorescences were higher than that of the stems. The higher inhibitory activity of the extracts compared to the leaves and inflorescences was explained by the high presence of rutin in them. Therefore, based on the total activity, as calculated by its concentration and its growth inhibitory effect, it seems that rutin, among the other tested compounds, is the major allelochemical in Polish buckwheat.     

HPLC法测定杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁

采用phenomenex C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-冰醋酸(pH=3.10)(45∶55)为流动相洗脱,体积流量为0.8 mL/min,紫外检测波长为327 nm,采用外标法测定不同产地杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁的含量.建立了HPLC法测定杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁含量,并对不同产地杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁含量进行测定.结果表明,绿原酸和芦丁分别在0.127 5～24.000 0μg(r=0.999 6),0.125 0～25.000 0μg(r=0.999 6)线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为98.73%和97.26%,相对标准偏差为1.85%和1.32%.     

烟草种质资源重要活性成分含量差异研究

[目的]利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测繁种用烟草绿原酸、芦丁、茄尼醇等重要活性成分的含量差异,为烟草种质资源的有效开发利用提供参考.[方法]采用HPLC法测定17份繁种用烟草种质资源成熟期叶片中绿原酸、芦丁、茄尼醇的含量,色谱条件为:Agilent 1260色谱仪,色谱柱为VP-ODS,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测器为1260 VWD.[结果]6种绿原酸异构体中,以绿原酸含量最高,在17份种质资源中均有检测到,且以S16打宾柳叶烟晒烟最高,其次是隐绿原酸和新绿原酸含量,而异绿原酸A、异绿原酸B和异绿原酸C的含量与前3种异构体相比,总体偏低;芦丁含量以NC347烤烟最高(46.456 g/kg),其次是S19大肩叶(7.782 g/kg)和S17大都青梗晒烟(6.250 g/kg),云烟87烤烟最低(1.206 g/kg);茄尼醇含量以NC347烤烟最高(44.913 g/kg),其次是K326烤烟(11.140 g/kg)、S17大都青梗晒烟(9.844 g/kg),黄坑7号-1烤烟最低(2.793 g/kg).[结论]17份烟草种质资源中芦丁和茄尼醇的含量与绿原酸相比总体较高,且均以NC347烤烟最高.6种异构体中含量最高的是绿原酸,且以S16打宾柳叶烟晒烟最高.各繁种用烟草种质资源在现蕾后未打顶,这可能对绿原酸有较大影响.     

Inter-varietal variations of rutin content in common buckwheat flour (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)

Summary To improve the quality of buckwheat flour, we investigated the effect of the cropping season on the rutin content in various cultivars of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Thirty cultivars of buckwheat were grown under both long day conditions (the summer cropping) and short day conditions (the late summer cropping). The inter-varietal variations and the effect of the cropping season on the rutin content were examined. The rutin content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results show that the average rutin content in the late summer cropping was about half that of the summer cropping. There were wide inter-varietal variations of rutin content in the summer cropping. The differences in rutin content in the late summer cropping were less pronounced. Rutin content was closely correlated with the flowering period in summer (r=0.735^***). The later flowering cultivars produced a higher content of rutin than the earlier flowering cultivars in the summer cropping. The differences in the cumulative solar radiation received in the two seasons seems to be a reasonable explanation for this increase in the rutin content of the buckwheat flour. The rutin content of early flowering cultivars, which are suitable for long day conditions, is positively correlated with yield in the summer cropping. However, the rutin content in the intermediate and late summer ecotype cultivars, which are suitable for short day conditions, shows no correlation with yield in the late-summer cropping. In conclusion, there are wide inter-varietal variations of rutin content in buckwheat flour and the rutin content increases under long day conditions.