The Spatial Morphology Control of Ancient City Based on City Image Viewing——Take Xing Cheng City for Example

Base on the Kevin Lynch's city image theory, from the path, edge, district, node, landmark five cognitive maps to analyses the space structure and characteristics of Xing Cheng city. And Base on these analyses to discuss how to control the spatial morphology of Xing Cheng city, which provides a theoretical reference and reference examples for the protection and control of ancient city spatial morphology in the future.     

饥饿胁迫下大鳞副泥鳅外周红细胞的形态变化

[目的]为研究饥饿胁迫下鱼类的生理生化变化提供参考。[方法]采用传统瑞氏染色法研究饥饿胁迫下大鳞副泥鳅外周红细胞的形态变化。[结果]大鳞副泥鳅的成熟红细胞逐渐发生变化,先出现核膜溶解,然后出现细胞形变,接着出现核质扩散和细胞膜溶解,最后整个成熟红细胞膜完全溶解,核染色反应由紫黑色变为紫红色最后变为粉红色。大鳞副泥鳅的幼稚红细胞则明显增多。[结论]在饥饿胁迫下大鳞副泥鳅外周红细胞出现核异常,主要表现为核膜溶解和核质扩散,因此红细胞核异常可以作为饥饿胁迫的指标。     

红瘰疣螈的研究进展

红瘰疣螈（Tylototriton shanjing）为两栖纲有尾目蝾螈科疣螈属的代表动物之一.对红瘰疣螈的分布、栖息地、分类地位、繁殖生态学、解剖学与组织学、生理等方面的研究成果进行了综述,以期为后期红瘰疣螈的进一步研究提供相关参考资料.     

陕西省细辛属植物——新记录种及其核型研究

细辛属植物是园艺界的新兴的关注焦点。我国是细辛属植物分布中心。巴山细辛(Asarum bashanense Z.L.Yang)为陕西省新记录种。该研究对其早期有关的形态描述进行了增补,并且提供了核型研究资料。     

真鲷消化道的组织学和形态学研究

采用扫描电镜和光镜技术对真鲷的消化道进行了组织学和形态学研究。具发达颌齿的口咽腔之后，真鲷消化道由分化明显的食道、胃、小肠和直肠构成。口咽腔粘膜表面为复层上皮，其中含有怀状细胞和味蕾，表层细胞具微褶（脊）；食道粘膜也衬着复层上皮，由表层具微褶（脊）的扁平细胞、中层的怀状细胞及底部的基底细胞组成，食道粘部分区域 衬着单层柱状上皮；胃Ｖ形，粘膜表层为单层柱状上皮，贲门部和盲囊部上皮下有一厚层胃腺组织；     

Dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation alleviates intestinal inflammatory injury through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation

The aim of present study was to evaluate whether diets supplemented with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) could alleviate intestinal inflammatory injury in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Twelve normal birth weight (NBW) piglets and 12 piglets with IUGR were fed a basal diet (NBW-CON and IUCR-CON groups), and another 12 piglets with IUGR were fed the basal diet supplemented with DHA at 80 mg/kg (IUGR-DHA group) from 21 to 49 d of age. At 49 d of age, 8 piglets with similar body weight in each group were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis. The results showed that IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated transmembrane toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Dihydroartemisinin inclusion ameliorated intestinal morphology, indicated by increased villus height, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and decreased villus width of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets supplemented with DHA exhibited higher apoptosis index and caspase-3 expression, and lower proliferation index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the intestine (P < 0.05). Dihydroartemisinin supplementation attenuated the intestinal inflammation of piglets with IUGR, indicated by increased concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA supplementation down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated mRNA expressions of negative regulators of TLR4 and NOD signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Piglets in the IUGR-DHA group showed lower protein expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and higher protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine than those in the IUGR-CON group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DHA supplementation could improve intestinal morphology, regulate enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviate intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with IUGR.     

龙井市城市空间形态研究

采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法对龙井市城市形态进行研究,基于GIS平台,利用2006,2011年2期龙井市土地利用现状图、城市规划图等资料,直观展现了龙井市城市空间形态变化及城市形态的类型,并采用分形维数和紧凑度指数分析了2006,2011年龙井市城市空间形态的特征。结果表明,龙井市城市空间分形维数由2006年的1．196增加到2011年的1．218,说明城市边界形状变得复杂,城区周界变得不规则。而城市紧凑度指数由0．283降低到0．260,说明城市形态变得离散。因此,为提高城市的紧凑度,应增加城市南部和北部已开发土地的利用效率,以及提高城市东北部与中部的联系程度。     

中菲两种水稻病毒病的比较研究： Ⅰ.水稻东格鲁病的病原学

我国福建和湖南水稻东格鲁病的两个分离物--闽株2号和湘株1号,与菲律宾的菲株1号,在电镜下均能见到水稻东格鲁球状病毒（RTSV）粒体,直径为30-33nm,闽株2号和菲株1号尚能见到水稻东格鲁杆状病毒（RTBV）粒体,大小在（35×150）-280nm,而湘株1号则否;闽株2号和菲株1号,与RTSV和RTBV都有血清学关系,而湘株1号只与RTSV有关;3个分离株均能以黑尾叶蝉、二点黑尾叶蝉和电光叶蝉为其介体,并作半持久性传毒,但3种介体对3个分离株的亲和力、获毒时间、传毒时间及其在TN1和Sukanandi两个水稻品种上的反应特征都有不同;通过交叉接种,菲株1号和闽株2号不能侵染已被湘株1号侵染的植株。     

我国三个野生稻种谷粒和花药形态的扫描电镜观察

为了探求栽培稻同野生稻的亲缘关系,采用扫描电镜比较观嘉了我国的普通野稻(O. rufipogon)、药用野稻(O. officinalis)、瘤粒野稻(O. meyeriana subsp. tuberculata)和栽培稻(0．sativa)的谷粒和花药的形态结构,获得下列主要结果：1)谷粒表面的形态特征——栽培稻,普通野稻和药用野稻是由排列整齐、分布均匀的乳头状突起组成,瘤粒野稻是由分布不均匀的小瘤状突起组成。栽培稻、普通野稻和药用野稻具有粗刺毛和纤细毛,瘤粒野稻具有钩毛和纤细毛。2)花药壁表面结构——栽培稻和普通野稻是由排列整齐的长形细胞组成;药用野稻和瘤粒野稻由两类细胞组成,一类是排列整齐的细胞, 另一类是大小不均、排列不呈条状的细胞。从谷粒形态、刺毛种类和分布、稃表面结构、花药形态、花药壁表面结构的相似性和差异性的研究结果表明,栽培稻与普通野稻的亲缘关系较近。     

人参花芽分化的形态学研究

目的揭示人参花芽形态建成的内在规律性,为人参花芽分化的调控提供理论指导。方法采用石蜡切片法,利用光学显微镜观察人参花芽分化形态。结果人参的花芽分化从芽苞原基分化开始到花芽形态建成结束经历2年的时间,当人参地上部分处于浆果红熟期时,其越冬芽的分化正处于由叶原基分化向花序原基分化转变的时期。人参花芽分化具有明显的时空差异性。