物性认识——“三才理论”的深化和完善

知物性之宜与“三才理论”一起,构成了中国古代农业生产理论的四大要素。通过对“三才理论”的分析认为,知物性之宜的提出,不仅革新了中国传统农学的认识方法,促进了农学对作物特性的不断认识,而且为近代西方农业科学进入中国创造了环境与条件。     

Implications of piscine predator control on the federally listed fountain darter

One strategy for protecting the federally listed fountain darter, Etheostoma fonticola (Jordan & Gilbert), during low flow conditions is the removal of piscine carnivores [in this case, largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède)]. However, headwater spring communities of the Comal and San Marcos rivers include another potential predator [red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard)]. Removal of piscine carnivores could produce cascading effects by increasing crayfish consumption of benthic fish. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if piscine carnivore removal will lessen predatory pressure or induce a trophic cascade with crayfish increasing and causing declines in fountain darter. The numbers of fountain darter consumed were quantified among three predator treatments (red swamp crayfish only, largemouth bass only and red swamp crayfish and largemouth bass combined) and vegetation treatments (vegetated and non‐vegetated) at three temperature regimes (18, 22, 27°C). Vegetation had no effect on fountain darter predation. Among temperature trials, largemouth bass only and red swamp crayfish and largemouth bass combined consumed similar numbers of fountain darter, and red swamp crayfish only consumed the least numbers of fountain darter, except at 22°C. Largemouth bass did not consume more red swamp crayfish than fountain darter. Therefore, largemouth bass removal appears to be a viable option for reducing fountain darter predation during periods of low flow.     

Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Fang on the growth,metastasis and angiogenesis of Lewis lung carcinomas

AIM: To study the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Fang (YHJ), composed of ginsenoside, penex notogingseng and berberin, on tumor growth and metastasis and to explore its mechanism.METHODS: Murine Lewis lung carcinoma transplant model was established and mice were treated with YHJ by intraperitoneal injection. After 10 days, the inhibitory rate of tumor, pathology of tumor and PCNA of tumor cells were detected. After 20 days, numbers of metastatic foci on lung surface and microvessel density (MVD) were determined. Expression of VEGF in tumor and serum were also analyzed by immunohistochemical test and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: YHJ reduced the weight of tumor and the amount of metastatic foci. The inhibitory rates of tumor at high and low dose of YHJ (24 mg·kg_^-1·d_^-1, 12 mg·kg_^-1·d_^-1) were 48.29% and 37.26%, and the number of metastatic foci was 1.67 and 3.50, while control was 6.44. Furthermore, PCNA of tumor cells, MVD of tumor and VEGF expression in serum and tumor were decreased in YHJ treatment goup as compared with control. CONCLUSION: YHJ remarkably inhibits Lewis lung carcinoma growth and metastasis in mice. Its mechanism may be related to inhibition of angiogenesis.     

New urban habitat for endangered humpback whales: San Francisco Bay

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