不同蛋白质水平精料对广丰山羊生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质水平精料对广丰山羊生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响。选择健康且体重相近的3月龄左右广丰山羊30只,随机分为3组,每组10只(公母各占1/2)。3组山羊分别饲喂高(22.87%,H组)、中(19.07%,M组)和低(15.23%,L组)蛋白质水平的精料,粗料均为野生芒草鲜草,精粗比50∶50。试验期为84 d,其中预试期为14 d,正试期为70 d。结果显示:1)正试期第35天,L组的体高显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),而料重比则相反,其他生长性能指标各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)正试期第14天,H组血清尿素氮含量极显著高于其他2组(P<0.01),其中M组最低;正试期第35天,L组血清尿素氮含量显著高于M组(P<0.05);正试期第70天,H组和L组血清尿素氮含量极显著高于M组(P<0.01)。3)H组的眼肌面积显著高于M组(P<0.05),其他屠宰性能指标各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);M组的瓣胃重量和指数以及皱胃重量均显著低于L组(P<0.05),而肺脏指数则显著高于L组(P<0.05);H组的心脏重量和指数均显著低于L组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,蛋白质水平为19.07%的精料可以满足广丰山羊的育肥需求。     

Serum amyloid A (SAA) mRNA expression in chicken and quails in response to bacterial stress

Monitoring of acute phase proteins such as serum amyloid A at gene expression level may provide quick information about immune status of the host and its susceptibility towards common infections. Present study was carried out to evaluate and compare the mRNA expression of SAA gene in Rhode Island Red chicken (RIR) and Japanese quails using real time PCR analysis in response to inactivated Salmonella gallinarum culture. The results showed that expression of SAA gene was approximately 17–33 folds higher in case of birds administered with bacterial culture when compared to un-inoculated controls and expression was higher and quicker in case of quails than RIR chicken. The SAA genes from chicken and quail were cloned and upon sequence analysis it was observed that deduced amino acid sequence of SAA from chicken and quails were having approximately seven percent variation which might have significance in function of this protein in these species.     

Early resynchronization protocols for goats: Progestogens can be used prior to an early pregnancy diagnosis without affecting corpus luteum functionality

This study aimed to evaluate the exogenous progesterone (P4) effect on the luteal function from Day 16 to Day 21 of the oestrous cycle in inseminated goats with unknown pregnancy status. A total of 54 does passed through a short progestin-based synchronization protocol and, on Day 16 of the following oestrous cycle, 27 does received a new P4 device which was retained until Day 21. Blood samples were collected daily from all does during this period, as well as on Day 24. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Day 30. Serum P4 values from 26 animals (G_NPSP: Group of non-pregnant does with second sponge: n = 8; G_NPNSP: Group of non-pregnant does without second sponge: n = 6; G_PSP: Group of pregnant does with second sponge: n = 5; G_PNSP: Group of pregnant does without second sponge: n = 7) were determined by radioimmunoassay commercial kits. No P4 differences were found between groups (G_NPSP: 3.1 ± 2.8; 1.7 ± 1.8; 0.4 ± 1.0; and 0.0 ± 0.0 vs. G_NPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.8; 3.0 ± 2.2; 0.8 ± 0.8; and 0.0 ± 0.0 or G_PSP: 4.2 ± 1.0; 3.4 ± 0.6; 3.3 ± 1.6; 3.2 ± 0.9; 3.6 ± 1.2; 3.5 ± 1.3; 2.7 ± 1.3 vs. G_PNSP: 4.4 ± 1.6; 3.6 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.5; 3.8 ± 1.4; 3.2 ± 1.2; 3.1 ± 1.2; 3.6 ± 1.1; D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D24, respectively) or for the interaction of group and time. In conclusion, a second progestogen device had no effect on luteolysis or early pregnancy in the following oestrous cycle.     

固态发酵醋糟饲料对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响

本试验旨在研究固态发酵醋糟饲料(SFVD)对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量的影响。选择体况相近[(59.04±0.33)kg]的健康“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长育肥猪60头,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg土霉素钙,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+5%的SFVD。预试期6 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪平均日采食量(ADFI)具有一定的促进趋势(P=0.056);显著降低了育肥猪饲粮中干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、有机物(OM)和总能(GE)的表观消化率(P<0.05),对粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率有一定的促进趋势(P=0.052);显著提高了育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.055和P=0.077);显著提高了育肥猪粪便中丙酸含量(P<0.05),粪便中甲酸和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.071和P=0.054)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪生长性能、肠道健康及免疫性能的提高具有潜在的促进作用。     

Effect of dietary Moringa stem meal level on growth performance,slaughter performance and serum biochemical parameters in geese

Moringa stem meal (MSM) with a high level of crude fibre (CF) might be developed and utilized in herbivorous geese as an unconventional feedstuff. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the MSM level in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter performance, breast meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in geese from 22 to 70 days of age. A one-factor completely randomized design was adopted in our study. A total of one thousand eight 21-day-old geese were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates per group and 28 birds per replicate. The geese were fed diets containing MSM levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 g/kg during day 22–70. The dietary MSM level had no effect (p > .05) on the final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) or average daily feed intake (ADFI). The feed/gain ratio (F/G) increased linearly (p < .001) as the dietary MSM level increased. No differences (p > .05) were observed in the slaughter performance, meat quality and the relative organ weight (except for thymus) of the geese (p > .05). The relative weight of the thymus in the geese fed diets with supplementation of MSM was higher than that in the non-supplemented MSM control group (p < .05). In addition, 100 g MSM/kg of diet decreased the serum glucose (GLU) level (p < .05) and increased the alanine transaminase (ALT) enzyme activity (p = .03). Dietary MSM levels of no more than 60 g/kg had no effects on the growth performance and slaughter performance, whereas diets with 100 g MSM/kg increased the F/G and serum ALT enzyme activity, as well as decreasing the serum GLU level. Therefore, MSM provided at a reasonable level could be developed as an unconventional feedstuff for geese at the finisher period.     

Effect of Dietary Lactobacillus fermentum from Pig on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Faecal Microflora Number and Serum Immune Indices in Weaned Piglets

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, faecal microflora number and serum immune indices of weaned piglets.A total of 160 weaned piglets with an average age of (30±2) days and averge body weight of (7.85±0.68) kg were randomly distributed into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate feeding basal diet, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% Lactobacillus fermentum supplementation diets, respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 d.The results showed that, compared with the control group, the average daily gain, the feed conversion ratio, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorusin of Lactobacillus fermentum groups were all increased in varying degrees.The optimum supplemental level of Lactobacillus fermentum should be 0.2%, and at this level, the average daily gain was significantly increased by 8.70% (P<0.05), the F/G was decreased by 4.62% (P<0.05), the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorus were significantly increased (P<0.05), the number of faecal E.coli was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum IgG was significantly increased by 8.39% (P<0.05).The results indicated that Lactobacillus fermentum supplementation could improve the immune function, growth performance, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorus and reduce the number of faecal E.coli of weaned piglets.     

两种血清抗性检测方法的比较分析

采用流式细胞术法对大肠杆菌的血清抗性进行检测,并与传统涂板法相比较,探讨流式细胞术在血清抗性检测方法中的应用。结果表明,两者呈正相关关系(P=0.0340.05),流式细胞术法可以代替涂板法对大肠杆菌的血清抗性进行检测。该方法可以减少由于涂板不均匀、人工计数等造成的误差,且易操作、计算少、耗时少,数据更准确。     

1～28日龄麒麟鸡钙需要量

本试验旨在研究不同饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、趾骨特性及血清生化指标的影响,以确定麒麟鸡饲粮中钙的适宜水平。选用1日龄麒麟鸡240只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。各组分别饲喂钙水平为0.75%、0.90%、1.05%、1.20%和1.35%(可利用磷水平为0.45%,维生素D3水平为1 250 IU/kg)的玉米-豆粕型试验饲粮,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量、腿病发生率和死亡率有显著影响(P0.05),但对料重比影响不显著(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,平均日增重和平均日采食量呈断线变化(P0.05)。2)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率以及胸肌的p H、肉色和滴水损失率没有显著影响(P0.05),但腹脂率随着饲粮钙水平的增加有先升高后降低的变化趋势(P=0.083)。饲粮钙水平对胸肌的剪切力有显著影响(P0.05),且随钙水平的提高呈二次曲线变化(P0.05)。3)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡趾骨脱脂干重及趾骨粗灰分、粗灰分钙含量有显著影响(P0.05),且趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量随着饲粮钙水平的提高呈二次曲线和断线变化(P0.05)。4)饲粮钙水平对血清碱性磷酸酶活性影响不显著(P0.05),但显著影响麒麟鸡血清钙、磷含量(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,血清磷含量呈断线变化(P0.05)。综上所述,平均日增重、平均日采食量、胸肌剪切力、趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量、血清磷含量可敏感反映麒麟鸡体内钙的营养状况,综合以上敏感指标得出1~28日龄麒麟鸡饲粮中钙需要量为1.20%。     

饲粮添加硬脂酰乳酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响

本试验旨在研究硬脂酰乳酸钠(SSL)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响。试验选择25日龄的断奶仔猪336头,按体重随机分为6组,每组7个重复,每个重复8头猪。各组仔猪饲粮中SSL添加水平分别为0(对照)、250、500、750、1 000和2 000 mg/kg,试验分2个阶段,每阶段21 d。试验测定仔猪生长性能,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆固醇等血清生化指标及能量、干物质、氮和粗脂肪表观消化率。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加500、750和1 000 mg/kg SSL能显著降低仔猪第2阶段料重比(P0.05),添加1000 mg/kg SSL显著降低全期料重比(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加SSL有降低试验第42天仔猪血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性,增加血清高密度蛋白胆固醇含量及高密度蛋白胆固醇/低密度蛋白胆固醇值的趋势,且当添加水平为2 000 mg/kg时差异达到显著水平(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加SSL能显著提高粗脂肪表观消化率(P0.05),并且有提高氮及能量表观消化率的趋势,当添加水平为2 000 mg/kg时差异达到显著水平(P0.05)。结果提示,饲粮添加SSL能降低仔猪料重比,提高饲料养分尤其是粗脂肪的表观消化率。     

消化酶及胎牛血清对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞培养的影响

试验研究了不同浓度及组合消化酶对奶牛乳腺组织分离的影响以及不同FBS浓度培养基对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞纯化和生长的影响。试验结果表明,0.25%胰酶＋0.20%Ⅱ胶原酶对组织块分离效果最好,乳腺上皮细胞生长最多,5%与10%浓度FBS对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞纯化效果最好,5%与10%浓度FBS对细胞生长没有明显的差异（P〉0.05...