粘土固化注浆技术在垃圾填埋场防渗中的应用

通过室内与现场试验研究，表明粘土固化浆液在垃圾填埋场防渗工程中应用是可行的。工程实际使用证实，其堵水效果完全可以满足填埋场防渗 的要求，具有广泛的应用价值。     

Nitrate leaching losses under Miscanthus grass planted on a silty clay loam soil

Abstract. Nitrate leaching under newly planted Miscanthus grass was measured for three years. The crop received either no fertilizer-N or an annual spring application of 60 kg or 120 kg N ha^-1. During three winters soil water was collected from porous cup probes installed 90 cm deep. Nitrate leaching was calculated from the mean drain flow recorded in two drain gauges multiplied by the mean nitrate-N concentration in the soil water solutions collected. In the first year soil water nitrate concentrations were high on all treatments and N losses were 154, 187 and 228 kg ha^-1 respectively on the unfertilized treatment and those that received 60 or 120 kg N ha^-1. Leaching losses in the second and third years were, in turn, 8, 24 and 87 kg ha^-1 and 3, 11 and 30 kg ha^-1 for the unfertilized treatment and for the 60 and 120 kg N ha^-1 treatments respectively. Leaching losses were closer to those recorded under extensively managed grassland than arable land. The large losses in the first year were probably due to the previous agricultural management at the site and excessive inputs of N on the fertilized plots. In the second and third year, lower drainage volumes may also have influenced losses. The results show that Miscanthus , once established, can lead to low levels of nitrate leaching and improved groundwater quality compared with growing arable crops.     

砂土中粘土夹层对入渗过程影响的试验分析

对水在高渗透性砂内入渗过程中,其内部的低渗透性粘土夹层对入渗过程的影响进行了室内垂直一维入渗试验。通过分析定性得出粘土夹层对入渗过程的影响体现为减渗作用,表现为粘土夹层将均质粗砂中的非线性入渗过程变为夹层内的线性入渗过程,使夹层范围的入渗为一个具有较小入渗率和较小湿润锋推进速度的稳渗阶段。     

Effects of amendments on soil structural development in a clay soil-forming material used as a cap for landfill restoration

Abstract. Restoration of landfill sites to a vegetated after-use is severely compromised if soil-forming materials (SFMs) have to be used as substitute growing media for the restoration cap, owing partly to their poorly-developed structure. The effects of crushed brick material (brick), composted green-waste organic matter (OM) and potassium chloride salt (KCl) in a clay SFM were assessed at the Brogborough Landfill Site (Shank Group plc) in the county of Bedfordshire, UK. Soil structure was characterized three times in a two-year experimental period through measuring drainage water release and aggregate stability and size distribution. Crushed brick and composted OM at 100 t ha⁻¹ improved the ability of the clay to release water by drainage. In addition, the composted OM was associated with an increase in the size of stable aggregates, whereas the brick amendment reduced the overall aggregate stability. The KCl amendment had no consistent effect. Some beneficial structural improvements were thus associated with the brick and OM amendments, although these were rarely significant at the 5% level and the effects declined over time in the absence of vegetation and re-application. Nevertheless, incorporation of crushed brick and organic amendments may offer a potential structure-improving option in clay SFMs prior to vegetation establishment.     

指数平滑法在公路软土地基沉降预测中的应用

运用指数平滑法分析计算公路软土地基沉降量,并对下一时间段的沉降量进行预测.结合哈尔滨绕城高速公路西段软基沉降观测数据,证明了指数平滑法预测软基沉降量的实用性.     

鱼油挥发性成分分析和脱除方法

采用改进的动态顶空技术捕集、浓缩鱼油挥发性成分，并通过GCMS分析鉴定其中45个成分，结果表明。其中14个为饱和、不饱和醛类，8个为饱和、不饱和酮类。这些物质被认为是形成鱼油异味的主要成分。通过GC分析评价鱼油储藏过程中的感观变化和氧化，结果表明，GC分析的总峰面积能够指示鱼油的气味强度和氧化程度，并和感官检验结果一致。凹凸棒黏土处理鱼油取得较好脱色脱臭效果，其脱色脱臭效率分别为86．2％和84．1％。     

“曼生壶”的艺术表现及其影响

陈鸿寿作为清朝乾嘉时期才华横溢的西泠八家之一,他将诗词铭文书刻在紫砂壶上,既显现美学形态造诣之高深,又展示紫砂壶设计创新之独特,开辟了清朝文人雅士对紫砂壶研究收藏之先河。