石榴花粉生活力测定方法

以突尼斯软籽、豫大籽、泰山红3个石榴品种为试验材料,对其花粉活力的测定方法进行了筛选,结果表明:联苯胺染色法较之葡萄糖溶液培养法测定结果略偏高,但相关性良好,因此联苯胺染色法是测定石榴花粉生活力较好的染色方法。     

白蜡种子发芽能力检测方法

采用离体胚法和四唑染色法分别测定了白蜡(Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.)种子的生活力,并采用5种不同的处理方法测定了该种子的发芽率。结果表明:四唑染色法测定种子的生活力为66.0%,离体胚法测定的生活力为70.5%。发芽率测定中,清水浸种21 d或用200 mg.L-1赤霉素浸种60 h后白蜡种子的发芽率较高,分别为60.5%和59.5%。采用相同质量浓度的赤霉素分别浸种36、48 h后,发芽率分别为49.25%和53.5%,远低于前2个处理的发芽率结果。同批种子采用浸种1 d、再去除果翅的方法测得的发芽率仅为22%。从种子发芽能力各测定法历时天数来看,四唑染色法所需时间最短,约为8 d;清水浸种需要时间最长,为34 d;而离体胚法和赤霉素浸种60 h的处理分别需要15.0、17.5 d。可见,某些单位采用清水浸种1 d即进行发芽试验的方法不能准确测定种子的发芽率,赤霉素处理是白蜡种子发芽率测定的较好方法。     

鸢尾花粉生活力测定及贮藏特性研究

为有效开展鸢尾育种工作,以鸢尾花粉为试材,研究蔗糖、硼酸等不同贮藏条件和时间对鸢尾花粉萌发的影响.结果表明,硼酸、蔗糖两者对鸢尾花粉萌发有显著影响,最适宜的花粉培养基为蔗糖145 g/L+硼酸0.045 g/L;花粉生活力随贮藏时间的延长而下降,不同的贮藏条件对鸢尾花粉生活力有显著的影响,最佳贮藏方法为-196℃干燥,耐贮藏时间可达400 d以上.花粉形态与其萌发之间有相关性.     

Modelling the inter-relationships between habitat patchiness,dispersal capability and metapopulation persistence of the endangered species,Leadbeater's possum,in south-eastern Australia

A computer simulation model was used to derive estimates of the probability of extinction of populations of the endangered species, Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri), inhabiting ensembles of habitat patches within two wood production forest blocks in central Victoria, south-eastern Australia. Data on the habitat patches were extracted from forest inventory information that had been captured in the database of a Geographic Information System (GIS). Our analyses focussed on a range of issues associated with the size, number and spatial configuration of patches of potentially suitable habitat that occur within the Ada and Steavenson Forest Blocks. The sensitivity of extinction risks in these two areas to variations in the movement capability ofG. leadbeateri was also examined.Our analyses highlighted major differences in the likelihood of persistence of populations ofG. leadbeateri between the Ada and Steavenson Forest Blocks. These were attributed to differences in the spatial distribution and size of remnant old growth habitat patches as well as the impacts of wildfires. In addition, simulation modelling revealed a different relative contribution of various individual patches, and ensembles of patches, to metapopulation persistence in the two study areas. In those scenarios for the Ada Forest Block in which the impacts of wild-fires were not modelled, our analyses indicated that a few relatively large, linked patches were crucial for the persistence of the species and their loss elevated estimates of the probability of extinction to almost 100%. A different outcome was recorded from simulations of the Steavenson Forest Block which, in comparison with the Ada Forest Block, is characterized by larger and more numerous areas of well connected patches of old growth forest and where we included the impacts of wildfires in the analysis. In this case, metapopulation persistence was not reliant on any single patch, or small set of patches, of old growth forest. We found that in some circumstances the probability that a patch is occupied whilst the metapopulation is extant may be a good measure of its value for metapopulation viability. Another important outcome from our analyses was that estimates of extinction probability were influenced both by the size and the spatial arrangement of habitat patches. This result emphasizes the importance for modelling metapopulation dynamics of accurate spatial information on habitat patchiness, such as the data used in this study which were derived from a GIS.The values for the predicted probability of extinction were significantly influenced by a range of complex inter-acting factors including: (1) the occurrence and extent of wildfires, (2) the addition of logging exclusion areas such as forest on steep and rocky terrain to create a larger and more complex patch structure, (3) estimates of the quality of the habitat within the logging exclusion areas, and (4) the movement capability ofG. leadbeateri. Very high values for the probability of extinction of populations ofG. leadbeateri were recorded from many of the simulations of the Ada and Steavenson Forest Blocks. This finding is the result of the limited areas of suitable old growth forest habitat for the species in the two areas that were targeted for analysis. Hence, there appears to be insufficient old growth forest in either of the two forest blocks to be confident that they will support populations ofG. leadbeateri in the long-term, particularly if a wildfire were to occur in the next 150 years.The results of sensitivity analyses indicated that estimates of the probability of extinction ofG. leadbeateri varied considerably in response to differences in the values for movement capability modelled. This highlighted the need for data on the dispersal behaviour of the species.     

李花粉生活力试验

采用发芽法和３ 种不同的染色法对木奈李、普通李和普通桃的花粉生活力进行了测定，同时对花粉生活力测定时的培养条件和测定方法进行了研究比较。结果表明品种类型、 Ｇ Ａ 浓度等试验因素、花粉生活力测定的方法等都会对花粉生活力的高低产生显著的影响。     

芥兰种子贮藏生理研究

供试中花芥兰种子贮藏试验表明，运用适当的各子起始含水量，贮藏温度和包装方式，可经济有效地提高种子的发芽率。种子的生活力与电导率呈负相关，与超氧物歧化酶，酸性磷酸酶呈相关，电导率，ＳＯＤ和酸性磷酸可作为芥兰种子发芽率测定的指标。     

果树花粉生活力检测研究进展

果树花粉生活力检测的方法有染色法、萌发法、授粉结实检测法及其他一些方法,常用的染色法有联苯胺染色法、TTC染色法、I2 - KI染色法、FCR染色法等,萌发法又包括离体萌发法和活体萌发法.掌握花粉生活力检测方法对于提高杂交育种效率具有较高的实际应用价值,为此,对上述各种方法及其应用研究进展进行了综述,并对各方法的检测效...     

映山红开花习性与花粉生活力研究

[目的]探讨映山红的开花习性及花粉生活力。[方法]以映山红（Rhododendron arborescens）为试验材料。观察映山红（R.simisiiPlanch）开花的习性;采用离体培养基萌发测定法,以及培养基中蔗糖的浓度、培养温度、硼酸、钙离子等因素对花粉萌发和花粉管伸长的影响。[结果]映山红花期4～6月,单花期3～5 d;花紫色,2～6朵簇生于枝端;花萼5裂,长2～4 mm;花冠宽漏斗状,长4～5 cm,5裂;雄蕊7～10,花药紫色;柱头头状。蔗糖浓度为5%时映山红花粉萌发最好;光照条件下25℃时萌发率最高,达70%以上;培养基为20mg/L硼酸＋10 mg/L氯化钙＋5%蔗糖＋0.5 g琼脂,萌发率最高达87%;在一定浓度（0～20 mg/L）范围内,钙离子对映山红花粉的萌发率影响不大,主要影响花粉管长度;对花粉萌发率的影响比较明显,浓度间差异均达显著水平,在一定硼酸浓度（0～20 mg/L）范围内,随着硼酸浓度的增加花粉的萌发率上升。[结论]该研究可为今后利用映山红开展人工育种奠定基础。     

成熟度与贮藏期对野生葎草种子发芽力的影响

[目的]探讨成熟度与贮藏期对野生葎草种子发芽力的影响。[方法]随机采种后,测定不同成熟度葎草种子生活力,比较完熟种子发芽力,比较纸床与土床种子发芽力的差异。[结果]葎草灌浆期、第2类乳熟期、第3类蜡熟期、第4类成熟期4种成熟度的种子含水量、千粒重、生活力差异很大的延长,变异系数分别为25.75%、56.22%和77.84%;种子在试验条件下7d左右开始发芽;发芽势随贮藏时间规律较差,发芽率随贮藏时间的延长逐渐下降;种子贮藏1年后发芽力降低为成熟初期的30%,畸化率随贮藏时间的延长逐渐下降;种子在纸床上13d开始发芽,土床上第31天才开始发芽,发芽持续时间分别为33和23d,发芽率相近。[结论]葎草种子成熟期的不一致性保证了该种群的延续性与自我更新能力;贮藏时间对其发芽力的影响有助于葎草的防除。     

栀子种子生活力测定及其与发芽率的相关性研究

[目的]探讨四唑（TTC）染色法测定栀子种子生活力的最佳条件以及生活力与发芽率的相关性。[方法]以10个栀子品种为试验材料,采用正交试验方法研究了染色温度、染色时间和TTC浓度对栀子种子胚染色效果的影响,用种子发芽试验测定发芽率。[结果]染色温度、染色时间、TTC浓度对栀子种子生活力测定结果均有一定影响,三者之间关系密切,在适宜的TTC浓度范围内,染色温度和染色时间对测定结果表现出显著影响。四唑染色法测定的栀子种子生活力（X）与发芽率（Y）的回归方程为Y=-13.154＋1.077X。[结论]染色温度为35℃,TTC浓度为1.0%,染色时间为2.5h是测定栀子种子生活力的最佳条件,其测得的生活力与发芽率呈显著的正相关。