猪繁殖与呼吸综合征基因标记疫苗株NP49-ELISA鉴别诊断方法的建立

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）rHN4-△25＋NP49株是新型基因标记弱毒疫苗候选株,为了配合对该基因标记疫苗免疫猪血清抗体的鉴别诊断,本研究以标记基因编码的NP49（新城疫病毒NP蛋白C末端49个氨基酸,即NP49）多肽作为包被抗原,建立标记疫苗免疫猪血清中NP49抗体的ELISA鉴别诊断方法。通过对NP49-ELISA工作条件的优化,结果显示NP49-ELISA的多肽抗原最适包被浓度为500ng／孔,被检血清最佳稀释度为1：40。利用ROC曲线法确定S／P临界值为0．2,该方法批内与批间重复试验的变异系数均小于10％,与几种常见猪病阳性血清无交叉反应,具有较好重复性和特异性。本研究建立的NP49．ELISA鉴别诊断方法为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征新型基因标记疫苗的临床应用提供了有力保障。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒宁夏地区地方株的分离与鉴定

[目的]弄清宁夏地区部分猪场出现“无名高热”病因及更加有效预防、控制此类疾病的发生.[方法]通过从宁夏某发病猪场采集产生典型病变的猪肺部组织,将病料处理后分别用Marc-145、PK-15、BHK-21等传代细胞系进行病毒的分离与鉴定.[结果]只有Marc-145细胞上有典型病变,连续传代3次后病变稳定,接毒48 ～72 h后病变率达70％左右.RT-PCR及双酶切的结果表明分离培养物为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株.通过RNA提取、RT-PCR及酶切反应,实现了对分离培养物快速、确切鉴定.[结论]用MARC-145细胞成功分离到1株PRRSV,命名为ZH-w株.     

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species regulate porcine embryo development during pre-implantation period: A mini-review

Significant porcine embryonic loss occurs during conceptus morphological elongation and attachment from d 10 to 20 of pregnancy, which directly decreases the reproductive efficiency of sows. A successful establishment of pregnancy mainly depends on the endometrium receptivity, embryo quality, and utero-placental microenvironment, which requires complex cross-talk between the conceptus and uterus. The understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating the uterine-conceptus communication during porcine conceptus elongation and attachment has developed in the past decades. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which are intracellular reactive metabolites that regulate cell fate decisions and alter their biological functions, have recently reportedly been involved in porcine conceptus elongation and attachment. This mini-review will mainly focus on the recent researches about the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in regulating porcine embryo development during the pre-implantation period.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP4蛋白B细胞表位的初步筛选

GP4蛋白是猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)的次要结构蛋白,在病毒的复制与侵染中起重要作用。通过合成GP4蛋白的重叠多肽,采用间接ELISA、dot-ELISA的方法对GP4蛋白的B细胞表位进行初步筛选,得到1个免疫显性肽段Ⅰ(50) SCLRHGDSSSPTIRKSS (67),并对其抗体水平进行测定,为PRRSV的抗体检测及其新型表位疫苗的研究奠定基础。     

Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in piglets co-infected experimentally with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are pathogens, which can significantly affect the swine industry worldwide. Field surveys suggest that simultaneous PRRSV and PCV2 infection is common in pigs. The objective of this study was to measure the changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in piglets co-infected experimentally with PRRSV and PCV2, in order to analyze the synergistic influence of co-infection on the immune system. Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations were systematically measured by flow cytometry (FCM). The levels of antibodies to PRRSV and PCV2 were detected by indirect Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) and the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA), respectively. Serum viral loads were measured using real-time PCR. The results showed that piglets co-infected with PRRSV and PCV2 exhibited slower generation and lower levels of antibodies to PRRSV and PCV2, and increased amounts and a prolonged presence of both PRRSV and PCV2 in serum, in comparison to the piglets infected with either virus alone. The major finding in our study was that the total and differential leukocyte counts, including white blood cells (WBCs), monocytes, granulocytes and lymphocytes (T, B and NK cells, as well as T-cell subpopulations), dramatically decreased early during co-infection with PRRSV and PCV2 for about two weeks, in contrast with animals singly infected with either PRRSV or PCV2. These results suggest that PRRSV and PCV2 co-infection results in a synergistic decrease in immune cells in the peripheral blood of piglets. These data contribute to the understanding of the immunosuppressive effects resulting from PRRSV and PCV2 co-infection in pigs.     

Pharmacological analyses of two naturally occurring porcine melanocortin-4 receptor mutations in domestic pigs

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is critical in regulating mammalian food intake and energy expenditure. Numerous mutations in the MC4R gene have been identified from obese humans. So far two naturally occurring porcine MC4R (pMC4R) mutations, D298N and R236H, have been identified from various strains of pigs and D298N is being utilized as a genetic marker to screen performance traits of pigs. In this study, we performed functional analyses of pMC4R D298N and R236H, including their ligand binding and signaling properties in transiently transfected HEK293T cells. Ligand binding assays showed that both D298N and R236H pMC4Rs had similar binding capacities and affinities for the natural agonist -MSH and the natural antagonist Agouti-related protein as wild-type pMC4R. In signaling assays, both mutants had normal EC₅₀ and maximal signaling to -MSH. In summary, pMC4R mutants D298N and R236H do not have any overt functional defects; therefore we suggest caution using these mutations as selection markers in breeding programs.     

猪圆环病毒2型山东分离株全基因组的克隆与序列分析

根据猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)全基因组序列,设计一对特异性引物,从疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)病料中扩增出PCV-2基因组DNA,将基因片段克隆于pMD18-T载体,筛选获得含有相应片段的阳性重组质粒pMD18-T-PCV-2。对筛选出的阳性质粒进行测序。结果表明,PCV山东株的全基因组为1 767 bp,与国内外毒株核苷酸同源性高达99.6%。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征诊断技术研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是猪群中的一种免疫抑制性传染病,是严重危害我国养猪业的主要疫病之一,应用各种诊断技术对该病做出准确的诊断是预防和控制该病的前提。PRRS诊断技术包括检测病毒、检测血清抗体技术及分型诊断,涉及的技术和方法包括病毒分离、免疫组化、RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光试验、免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验、酶联免疫吸附试验和基因芯片技术等。每种诊断技术都有其各自的优势和局限性,应根据研究目的及工作条件等综合情况予以选择,文章就各种诊断技术的原理、方法及特点进行了概述和比较,并对今后的应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。     

PRRSV流行株Nsp2、ORF5和ORF3基因序列的分析

采用RT-PCR方法扩增2006年--2007年从江西、湖南、海南、广东等4省的不同猪场病猪体内分离的11株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）流行株的Nsp2、ORF5和ORF3基因,并进行序列分析。结果表明,11个PRRSV流行株的Nsp2均发生30个氨基酸的不连续缺失,缺失位置与JXA1毒株相同;11个PRRSV流行株的ORF5、ORF3基因和JXA1相应序列的核苷酸同源性分别为99．2％～99．8％、99．1％～99．6％,氨基酸同源性分别为98．0％～99．5％、98．4％～99．6％;11个PRRSV流行株之间ORF5基因的核苷酸同源性和氨基酸同源性分别为98．8％～100．0oA、98．0oA～100．0％,其中5个流行株的ORF3基因的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为99．0％～99．6％、98．8％～99．69,6。根据Nsp2所建立的遗传系统发育树可知这11个PRRSV流行株与JXA1株的亲缘关系很近。