基于网络点评的郑州市森林公园使用后评价研究

以郑州市森林公园为例,采用内容分析法和ROST Content Mining软件,通过大众点评网、携程网等旅游网站获取有关景区的评论数据,进行高频词分析、语义网络分析以及情感分析,分析游客游后感知并研究使用后评价.结果表明:郑州市森林公园的使用后综合评价为公园景色优美、环境宜人,符合森林公园定位;游园性价比高,整体满意度高;游客活动以生态健身为主,但景观特色未完全展现;景区基础设施服务有待提高.因此,提出公园要打造景区特色优势、提高基础设施服务、加强文化及科普宣传、建设智慧公园等建议.     

双季鲜食玉米/花生宽幅间作生态高效栽培技术

该文分析了双季鲜食玉米/花生宽幅间作生态高效栽培的意义,阐述了其栽培的技术要点,包括播前准备、播种与覆膜、田间管理、收获与晾晒、秸秆还田与残膜清除等.该技术主要适用于山东省小麦、玉米两熟轮作区及其他相似区域.     

猪群抗应激的营养解决方案综述

应激是动物机体在多种环境、生理和心理等因素的刺激下，出现的生理与心理等全身性的非特异性的适应性反应。随着我国生猪养殖业规模化和集约化程度的提高，养猪生产者都追求以有限的养殖空间来生产更多的猪只，这导致了养殖密度的增加、猪群应激发生的概率不断上升。应激导致的危害日益突出，成为了阻碍猪只健康生长的重要的因素之一。本文回顾了应激的病理学概念、应激的种类与危害、抗应激的营养支持理论；针对应激问题的解决，本文提出了对猪群添加功能性的维生素和氨基酸来的方法，并介绍了该方法在猪场实际应用的案例。     

提高蛋白质乳化功能性的研究

蛋白质是食品加工中的重要原料,其乳化性对食品品质非常重要。本文综述了通过物理改性、化学改性、生物酶法改性、基因工程改性及复合改性等方法技术来提高食品蛋白质的乳化功能性,并为今后食品蛋白质加工过程中利用改性方法来提高乳化性提供一定理论基础和新的思路。     

基于有效积温的玉米冠层图像特征参数分析

为揭示滴灌水肥一体化玉米冠层图像颜色特征参数随有效积温的动态变化规律,明确有效积温对玉米冠层图像三基色RGB的动态变化影响机理,比较图像特征参数的拟合精度。以宁夏主栽品种天赐19为试验材料,于2018年在宁夏平吉堡农场开展6个不同氮素处理的小区试验,利用防抖手持云台搭载手机相机遥控获取玉米冠层垂直地面图像,提取图像色彩特征参数,以有效积温为自变量,对玉米冠层数字图像特征参数进行拟合分析并比较,并分析图像参数与叶片氮浓度的相关性。结果表明:有效积温与红光值(R)符合有理函数关系,与绿光值(G)和蓝光值(B)符合对数函数关系,通过比较可以看出,各图像特征参数中R拟合效果最好,B和G次之,均达到显著水平,图像参数与叶片氮浓度十叶期的相关系数高于六叶期。因此,数字图像参数R的拟合效果最好,可作为宁夏滴灌玉米图像监测指标和群体结构分析的参考依据,十叶期可作为该地区滴灌玉米氮素营养诊断的关键生育时期。     

Molecular identification of blast resistance genes in rice landraces from northeastern India

Rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most devastating diseases causing huge losses worldwide. In the present study, major blast resistance genes were investigated in landraces originating from northeastern India. Based on phenotypic evaluation, 288 landraces were classified into three distinct groups: resistant (75), moderately resistant (127) and susceptible (86). The genetic frequencies of the 18 major blast resistance genes were between 6.2% and 27.4%, with only two genotypes possessing a maximum of nine blast resistance genes. The cluster and population structure analysis grouped the landraces into two groups. Through principal coordinate analysis, the scatter plots partitioned the resistant and moderately resistant landraces into different groups. Analysis of molecular variance showed maximum (96%) diversity within populations and least (4%) diversity between populations. Association analysis identified six markers, CRG4_2, RM72, tk59-2, pi21_79-3, RM1233 and RM6648, that are significantly associated with blast disease and explained a phenotypic variance of 1.1–6.5%. The associated genes could be used in marker-assisted rice breeding programmes for gene pyramiding to develop rice varietal resistance against blast disease. The present study represents a valuable blast resistance genetic resource that could be used for identification of new R genes, donors for blast resistance, and genomic studies.     

Assessing the efficacy and impact of management of an invasive species in a protected area: Poa annua on sub‐Antarctic Macquarie Island

Plant eradication is difficult, particularly in remote, protected areas. The Southern Ocean Islands are very isolated and highly protected, but the flora contains many alien plants. Small restricted populations have been eradicated, but eradication of established species has proven difficult. A better understanding of the efficacy of control methods at sub‐Antarctic temperatures and their off‐target impacts may increase eradication success. With interest in controlling non‐native Poa annua in the region, we aimed to determine if physical and chemical methods can control P. annua (the sub‐Antarctic biotype) in sub‐Antarctic conditions and examined their impact on native plants. We quantified the effectiveness of physical control methods on P. annua in situ on sub‐Antarctic Macquarie Island through field‐based experiments and assessed their selectivity on P. annua compared with native grasses. We also quantified the effectiveness of several herbicides on P. annua at sub‐Antarctic temperatures and assessed their selectivity on native grasses. Of the four physical disturbance methods tested, none effectively reduced P. annua cover as one‐off treatments. Of the herbicide treatments, glyphosate and trifloxysulfuron sodium were effective and were less damaging to native grass species, indicating potential selectivity. Physical control was of limited effectiveness, but did not affect native species richness. An integrated weed management programme utilising the strategic use of selective herbicides with follow‐up chemical and physical intervention may balance control and biodiversity outcomes. This research highlights the importance of site‐specific testing of control methods and understanding off‐target impacts of control when managing alien plant species in protected areas.     

河套平原典型县域耕地土壤养分空间变异特征研究

为研究河套平原地区土壤养分状况,探究县域尺度土壤养分的空间变异性与分布特征,以杭锦后旗县域耕地为对象,采用实地调查和地统计学相结合的方法,研究该区耕层土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾养分含量状况,分析土壤养分空间分布及其变异特征。结果表明,研究区耕层土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾平均含量依次为13.90 g/kg、0.93 g/kg、16.25 mg/kg和170.79 mg/kg,土壤有机质和全氮处于缺乏状态,速效磷含量中等,而速效钾的含量较为丰富。从空间变异及相关性看,各土壤养分的变异程度都为中等变异,有机质和速效钾为中等相关性,全氮和有效磷均为弱相关性。从空间分布格局看,土壤有机质与全氮分布规律相近,呈现西北部高、东南部和东北部低的特点;土壤速效钾整体分布较为均衡;速效磷空间差异明显,呈东高西低格局。针对该地区土壤养分含量及分布规律,在进行养分管理过程中,应以控氮、稳磷、稳钾、全区规划与重点应对相结合的原则,坚持以有机肥为主、有机与无机相结合的施肥策略。对县域尺度耕地土壤养分状况的调查研究和统计分析,明晰了区域土壤养分空间分布特征及其与土地利用方式之间的关系,为河套平原耕地土壤养分管理、地力培育以及合理施肥运筹等提供科学依据。     

Successful outcome after surgical correction of large colon atresia in a colt foal

This report describes successful surgical correction and long-term survival of a case of large colon atresia in a 24-h-old Warmblood colt, referred with signs of unrelenting abdominal pain and a suspicion of meconium impaction. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examination was indicative of large colon meconium impaction with secondary ileus. Due to deterioration of the foal, surgery was recommended. An atretic segment was found between the left ventral and dorsal large (ascending) colon. A band of fibrous tissue with no identifiable lumen connected the segments. Surgical correction was done by performing a stapled side-to-side anastomosis. Twelve days after surgery, the foal was discharged. Twenty-two months after discharge, the owner reported the foal developing as expected compared with its peers, but had a mild, self-limiting episode of colic at 20 months of age.     

基于农林植物表型的智能喷雾机械研究进展

传统喷雾机械通常仅关注无生命的机械作业性能，而忽略了有生命的植物因素，造成喷雾机械智能化水平不高。文中在分析农林植物表型对喷雾机械设计方法和喷雾性能影响的基础上，系统综述国内外开展的智能喷雾机械研究，提出基于植物表型的智能喷雾机械设计方法研究展望，探讨分析基于农林植物表型特征参数的新型、高水平智能化喷雾机械，并指出农林植物表型技术的发展必将推动绿色智能喷雾机械的创新。