对《中图法》(第四版)类目注释的系统认识

本文从语言特点、编排体例及内容特点出发,对《中图法》(第四版)类目注释进行了系统的认识,并就此提出了自己的一些看法。     

基于果实相关性状的桃品种初级核心种质取样策略研究

以国家种质资源圃(北京)编目的558份桃品种的18个形态学和农艺学性状为基本数据,研究了桃品种初级核心种质构建的取样策略,包括总体取样比例的确定及取样方案的选择,以获得最佳的初级核心种质。本试验共设10%～90%9个总体取样比例;取样方案研究包括分组原则和组内取样比例的确定。结果表明,桃初级核心种质的适宜总体取样比例为10%;按品种类群分组结合多样性比例取样为构建桃初级核心种质的最佳取样方案;利用此取样策略从558份桃品种中提取56份作为核心样本,对其代表性进行检测表明所构建的初级核心种质能够很好地代表桃原始种质的遗传多样性。     

离子选择电极法测定NBPG与银、镉、汞的配合物组成和稳定常数

本文用离子选择电极法测定了N,N—二甲基膦酸基甘氨酸(NBPG)与银、镉、汞的配合物组成和稳定常数。结果表明,NBPG与Ag~ 、Cd~(2 )、Hg~(2 )均生成组成为1:1的多齿质子型配合物。其lgK_稳值分别为:AgL5.28、CdH_3L3.63、CdH_2L5.16、CdHL7.30、CdL11.56、HgH_3L6.06、HgH_2L7.55、HgHL8.24、HgL12.58。     

应用生物素标记的NDV－cDNA探针检测感染尿囊液中NDV－RNA的初步研究

本文应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术从构建的新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）ｃＤＮＡ文库中扩增含编码Ｆ糖蛋白前体──Ｆｏ酶切位点序列的３５９ｂｐ的Ｆ蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ片段。将此３５９ｂｐｃＤＮＡ片段经光敏生物素标记后,即成ＮＤＶ－ｃＤＮＡ探针。该探针能特异性地从感染的尿囊液中检测出ＮＤＶ强毒株和疫苗毒株的基因组ＲＮＡ,而不与ＩＢＤｖ－ｄｓＲＮＡ、ＡＩＢｖ－ｓｓＲＮＡ、ＥＤＳ７６－ｄｓＤＮＡ、ＭＤＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ,ＦＰＶ－ｄｓＲＮＡ及ＡＩＬＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ发生交叉杂交反应。试验结果表明：尽管该探钎含有编码Ｆｏ蛋白酶切位点序列的碱基顺序,但它还是不能把ＮＤＶ的强、弱毒株区分开。这说明ＮＤＶ强、弱毒株比区域内的碱基存在着相当大的同源性。不过,此探针对ＮＤＶ来说具有特异性,这就为ＮＤＶ的诊断技术开创了基因水平检测的新途径。     

Unsaturated vitamin b(12) binding capacity in human and ruminant blood serum - a comparison of techniques including a new technique by high performance liquid chromatography

A new technique by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-gel permeation) shows promise as a tool to separate and quantitate the Unsaturated Vitamin B(12) Binding Capacity (UBSC) of the individual Vitamin B(12) binders in blood serum. This method, although not as rapid as protein-coated charcoal or cellulose separation techniques, is more applicable for use with large numbers of samples than gel filtration. The use of a radioactivity detector to monitor the eluant from the column permitted automation of the method. Comparable results for UBBC and for the UBBC of individual binders were obtained when samples were analyzed by gel filtration and HPLC. The HPLC method proved suitably precise and the recovery of added cyanocobalamin was acceptable. It is proposed that HPLC be the method of choice for measurement of the USBC of binders of Vitamin B(12) in blood serum.     

小麦品种对土传小麦黄色花叶病毒病抗性遗传的初步研究

本试验通过杂交、回交和抗病性鉴定等方法,测定了14个组合的F_1代对土传小麦黄色花叶病毒病的抗性遗传。根据双亲正反杂交表现型一致的结果,可以确定控制小麦品种对该病毒病的抗性为细胞核遗传。通过对F_1、F_2、BC_1及BC_2各代群体抗病株和感病株分离比值的分析,初步确定有关土传小麦黄色花叶病毒病的抗性遗传可能受两对致病显性基因(S_1、S_2),和一对抑制基因(I)所控制,作者并对这一问题与前人工作作了比较和讨论。     

柞树害虫栎粉舟蛾的初步研究

栎粉舟蛾Femtoma ocypete(Bremer)是柞树的重要害虫之一。此虫在辽宁一年发生一代,以蛹在土中越冬。翌年7月中旬开始羽化,持续到8月中旬。羽化后即可交配产卵。7月下旬到8月下旬均有幼虫孵出。幼虫经6个龄期,于9月中、下旬入土化蛹。防治方法:8月中旬往柞树上喷洒0.025％浓度的“杀虫灵”农药,能杀死各龄幼虫,防治效果为90％左右,七天后养蚕无害。     

苎麻自交一代分离和变异的研究

1983～1985年以“黄壳早”、“芦竹青”、“古巴苎麻”和“武冈红皮种”为材料进行自交,并观测了自交一代的分离和变异情况,研究结果表明:a.根据自交一代的形态分类,可将“芦竹青”繁殖后代分为40个类型,“芦竹青”自交一代的麻骨颜色分离为四种,其分离比例为9.3:4.2:3:0.7,基本符合孟德尔遗传规律;b.个体间产量性状差异很大,株高变冥为0.23～1.68m,茎粗变异为0.48～1.14 cm,有效株变异为1～23株;c.40个类型的纤维细度的变异呈正态分布,变异为1168～1905公支,最细的类型和最粗的类型相差747支上述结果表明:苎麻自交后代的形态性状、产量性状和纤维细度均产生显著的分离和差异。     

强化“现代科技革命与马克思主义”课程教学中的三个主要环节

通过对博士研究生特点的综合分析,在教学实践中强化三个主要环节,探索了适合博士生特点,反映课程要求的教学方法。     

Correlation between hydrolytic enzyme activities measured in bean seedlings afterTrichoderma koningii treatment combined with pregermination and the protective effect againstPythium splendens

An experimental protocol consisting in the colonisation of pregerminated bean seeds dressed withTrichoderma sp. was used in order to study the mechanisms correlated with the protective effect againstPythium splendens. Seed dressed with TH-11 (T. koningii) for 24 h presented a higher protective effect and a higher level of seed colonisation as compared to those dressed with TH-13 (T. longibranchiatum). The levels of seed coat colonisation by TH-11 and TH-13 was shown to be correlated with the carboxymethylcellulase activity, as measured in the seed coats retreived from germinating dressed bean seeds. The seed coat colonisation was also associated with an increased activities of endo-1,3--glucanase and endochitinase measured in seed extracts, and an inhibitory effect of seed extracts onPythium sporangia germination. Pretreatment of TH-13-dressed seeds with a commercial cellulase improved all parameters mentioned above, thus suggesting a role of cellulase activity in the colonisation process and the linked protective effect. The possible role of hydrolytic enzymes in the protective effects is discussed.