武汉设施蔬菜尾菜资源化利用现状及对策

基于设施蔬菜在蔬菜产业中的主导地位,分析武汉设施蔬菜生产现状、尾菜资源化利用现状及存在的问题,并提出加强宣传、建立尾菜资源化利用技术体系、制订扶持政策、建立长效机制的发展对策,为有效开展设施蔬菜尾菜资源化利用提供参考.     

14个多年生牧草品种在川西北高寒牧区适应性研究

采用田间小区方法,以2014~2017年在四川省甘孜州道孚县乾宁种畜场对早熟禾(Poa pratensis)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、雀麦(Bromus inermis)、猫尾草(Phleum pratense)、细茎冰草(Agropyron trachycaulum)、扁穗冰草(Agropyron cristatum)和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)共14个品种同期播种,连续4年进行田间观察和产草量测定。结果表明:在川西北地区种植的14个牧草品种细茎冰草因越冬率低,不适应当地环境,在2016年低全部死亡,其余13个草品种都可安全越冬,正常生长,但不同品种产草量差异显著或极显著。从产量总趋势分析,诺言猫尾草、乌苏1号无芒雀麦、热销多年生黑麦草、新速Ⅱ多年生黑麦草、三得利紫花苜蓿等5个品种产量较高,值得在本区生产上应用推广。     

Cultivation Influences on Soil Organic Carbon Associated with Texture in Seasonally Frozen Zones

[Objective] This study aimed to examine indicative roles of texture representing soil organic carbon presence and variability subsequent to cultivation under cold temperate climates with seasonal freeze-thaw events.[Method] Three chronosequences were selected for paired comparisons.Soil samples were collected at six depths with a 10 cm increment.Analysis of variance with general linear model and regression was performed for statistical analysis.[Result] In seasonally frozen soils where fragmentation of macroaggregates was stimulated,soil organic carbon level was positively associated with clay ＋ silt proportion due to a wider textural range,better than sole clay content.Exponential function better fitted the experimental data to present progressively increased effectiveness of clay ＋ silt content in maintaining carbon.Clay content explained 12％-41％ and 14％-43％ of variation via linear and exponential functions,respectively.Accordingly,clay ＋ silt content explained 47％-65％ and 46％-70％.[Conclusion] Texture reflected soil organic carbon occurrence as consequences of reclamation.For seasonally frozen soils with wider textural ranges,it is robust to adapt clay ＋ silt content as dependent variable and exponential function.The generated algorithms provided an available pathway to estimate soil organic carbon losses following cultivation and to evaluate soil fertility.     

五指山市乔木林动态变化特征分析

为了了解五指山市乔木林的空间分布特征,掌握主要林分因子的发展趋势,结合海南省五指山市四期森林资源连续清查数据,运用ArcGIS10.0、SPSS软件,对五指山市连续15 a乔木林地的变化进行分析。结果表明:(1)乔木林为五指山市主要的用地类型,且数目逐年增加;(2)乔木林分主要分布在海拔在500~1 000 m、坡度在15°~35°之间向阳的空间范围内;(3)平均年龄为28.54,平均树高为11.41 m,平均胸径为13.46 m,平均每亩蓄积为8.86 m3,平均郁闭度为0.609。从龄组结构来看,大多属于中龄林与幼龄林,处于正演替阶段。     

Ultrastructural impairment of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice

AIM: To investigate the ultrastructural changes of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice. METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group. The expression of insulin and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) in islet microvessels was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The ultrastructural changes of islet β cells and islet microvessels were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the number of islet β cells, ratio of β cells/α cells, average number of secretory granules in β cells and insulin expression area per islet in diabetic group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Besides, diabetic group had fewer microvessels with lower expression of CD31 (P<0.01). Mitochondria in islet microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes in diabetic group were swelling. The basement membrane of islet microvessels became thicker in diabetic group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Islet microvascular endothelial cells were impaired in type 1 diabetic mice.     

中国不同品种谷子抗性淀粉分布规律

抗性淀粉是谷子中的重要功能成分。对来自中国4个生态区10个省份216个谷子品种抗性淀粉含量进行分析。结果表明,中国谷子地方品种抗性淀粉平均值为2.43%,含量变幅为0.00%~6.74%,变异系数为50.26%,呈偏正态分布;不同生态区谷子抗性淀粉含量从高到低依次为内蒙古高原、华北平原、东北平原、黄土高原,且内蒙古高原和黄土高原之间差异显著(P0.05);不同省份抗性淀粉含量存在一定差异,其中黑龙江谷子抗性淀粉含量显著高于内蒙古和甘肃(P0.05),其他省份间差异不大;不同省份谷子(黑龙江除外)和不同生态区品种谷子抗性淀粉含量以2.00%~4.00%为主。     

临泽县肉牛产业的调查与思考

通过对临泽县肉牛产业的调查,临泽县肉牛产业发展具有饲草资源丰富,养牛基础较好,规模优势明显,以及健全的服务保障和政策优势,提出了今后发展肉牛产业需要继续扩大养殖规模,培育发展龙头企业,走品牌道路,完善服务体系等五项建议和对策。