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31.
32.
西藏部分地区藏猪戊型肝炎病毒血清流行病学调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解西藏地区藏猪戊型肝炎流行情况,在拉萨、林芝、昌都、日喀则和山南等5个市,采集305份藏猪血清,利用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法进行戊型肝炎病毒血清抗体检测,并用SPSS 21.0方法进行不同性别、不同区域间的显著性差异分析。结果显示:从305份藏猪血清中检测到81份抗体阳性,总抗体阳性率为26.6%(81/305);拉萨市和林芝市的抗体阳性率最高,达32.8%(20/61),其次为昌都市、日喀则市和山南市,阳性率分别为29.5%(18/61)、26.2%(16/61)、11.5%(7/61);山南市阳性率与其他4个市相比差异显著(P0.05),公猪和母猪的抗体阳性率分别为23.3%(35/150)和29.7%(46/155),无显著差异(P0.05)。结果表明,西藏地区藏猪群中存在不同程度的猪戊型肝炎病毒感染。鉴于当地存在食用生或半生猪肉和猪肝的习俗,建议加强宣传,倡导健康饮食,同时加强高发区疫病防治,降低人类感染风险。 相似文献
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本研究以国家标准《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T 18646-2018)中的试管凝集试验方法为确诊金标准,对353份临床牛、羊和猪血清样品进行确诊,然后分别采用虎红平板凝集试验抗原和抗体检测试纸条,对该353份临床血清进行检测,比较两种诊断制品在布鲁氏菌病初筛中的差异。经统计分析发现,虎红平板凝集试验抗原敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为97.88%(323/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.86;布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为99.39%(328/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.95,两种方法的重复性试验结果均一致。试验结果证明,布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条和布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原都能满足布鲁氏菌病初筛的需求;由于布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条的储存、运输和操作的便捷性,在部分地区或特殊环境下可替代布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原用于布鲁氏菌病初筛。 相似文献
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Context
The assessment of land-use impacts on biodiversity is one of the central themes of landscape ecology and conservation biology. However, due to the complexity of biodiversity, it is impossible to obtain complete information about the diversity of all species even for small areas, necessitating the selection of individual species or assemblages thereof as species surrogate. In parts of the world where taxonomic expertise is lacking, species identification has hindered progress in biodiversity conservation, and the only practical, relatively-accurate option, is the use of taxonomic minimalism.Objective
We carried out a rapid biodiversity assessment based on three surrogates—land-use (driver-surrogate), terrestrial arthropods (species-surrogate) and morphospecies (taxonomic-surrogate)—to determine the impacts of land-use on biodiversity of the Western Region (Ghana), an area covering ~4 % of the West African biodiversity hotspot.Method
We used diversity profiles to visualize the distribution of a total of 8848 arthropod individuals over seven land-use types which define the complete heterogeneity of the landscape.Results
Here, we present both sample and asymptotic diversity profiles of arthropod morphospecies for each land-use type and the potential of each land-use type for conserving arthropods.Conclusions
We conclude that (1) the morphospecies approach is useful for detecting differences in species diversity of land-use types; (2) the concept of asymptotic diversity may not be necessary for land-use based biodiversity comparison; and (3) maximum diversity profiles are useful for determining the land-use conservation values in cases where pristine areas are not available.36.
The objective of this study was to investigate whether feeding selenium (Se)-replete cows a Se-yeast supplement in late pregnancy affects nutrient metabolism and inflammatory response during the periparturient period. Twenty cows were randomly assigned to two groups with 10 cows each. Cows in one group received Se-yeast at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM during the last 4 weeks before calving in addition to fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Se-yeast), while cows in another group were only fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Control). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), and albumin. In control cows, plasma NEFA, IL-1β, IL-6, SAA, and Hp levels increased after calving, but glucose, insulin, and albumin levels decreased after parturition. Se-yeast supplemental cows had lower postpartum concentrations of NEFA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, SAA, and Hp, and higher postpartum levels of glucose, insulin, and albumin compared with control cows. The results indicate that feeding Se-replete cows a Se-yeast supplement in late pregnancy improves nutrient metabolism and attenuates the inflammatory response after calving. 相似文献
37.
Gong Chen Haihua Luo Xin Gao Changkai Yuan Jinjian Peng 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2020,66(10):1319-1333
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the effect of late planting on sucrose metabolism in cotton bolls and the relationship to fiber properties and within-boll yield components. Two cotton lines A201 and A705 were employed in a sowing date experiment where two temperature regimes during boll maturation period were created at mean daily temperature of 26.8°C, 28.3°C for early planting and 25.2°C, 23.1°C for late planting in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Boll size, seed mass per boll, seed index and fiber length were increased, and lint percentage was decreased by late planting. Greater cell wall invertase activity and the resultant hexose concentration in fibers were observed in late planting, and thus led to decreased osmotic potential accounting for the enhanced fiber length. Similarly, late planting increased the maximum of vacuolar invertase activity in ovules occurring at 5 days post anthesis (DPA) and hexose concentrations in embryos from 10 DPA afterwards which may favor embryo cell division, and thus increase final seed size. Our data indicate that acid invertase and hexose are implicated in the formation of within-boll yield components and fiber properties as affected by the lower temperature regime due to late planting. 相似文献
38.
调查了近年来在上海局部区域严重发生的农林害虫——中喙丽金龟成虫对不同植物种类的危害程度。共计调查243个植物种类,其中109种植物受害,占调查植物种类数量的44.86%。109种受害植物隶属于39个科,以蔷薇科、豆科植物种类最多。 相似文献
39.
棉花种质资源收集鉴定与创新利用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
十二五期间通过对我国西南地区、南海诸岛、及国外野生棉起源中心实地考察和广泛征集,新收集国内外棉花种质资源1220份,其中陆地棉986份、海岛棉176份、亚洲棉58份,所收集种质均已入国家中期库保存。收集的棉花种质资源分别在河南安阳、海南三亚、新疆阿拉尔进行主要农艺经济性状鉴定和特性鉴定。通过SSR(Simple sequence repeat)分子标记、重测序等技术对收集到的种质进行了分子鉴定,筛选到大量与纤维品质、抗黄萎病、抗旱、抗草甘膦显著关联的基因。在收集保存的种质资源基础上,通过辐射诱变、远缘杂交、复合杂交创造出优质、高产、抗逆等优异种质资源。通过展示向全国科研院所及公司发放棉花种质19 191份次。 相似文献
40.
水稻(Oryza sativa L.)粒型包含粒长、粒宽和长宽比等一系列农艺性状,是影响水稻稻米品质和产量的重要因素之一。随着功能基因组学和分子标记技术的发展,越来越多的粒型基因逐渐被定位和克隆。本文主要总结了目前已经克隆的与水稻粒型有关的基因:粒长基因有GS3、GL7、GL3.3等;粒宽基因有GW2、GW5、GS5等;长宽比基因有GW7、TGW3、GS2等,各个基因之间的互作关系以及各个粒型基因在生产中的实际应用。同时,指出了水稻粒型基因在进行分子植物育种时出现的问题并针对相应的问题提出解决建议。 相似文献