Ectomycorrhizal symbioses increase soil calcium availability and water use efficiency of Quercus acutissima seedlings under drought stress

European Journal of Forest Research - Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) can enhance drought resistance of host plants by increasing nutrient and water absorption. Calcium (Ca) plays a central role in...     

竹类植物在黄河三角洲盐碱地生态修复中的应用进展

黄河三角洲地区受地势低平、海水易内侵、蒸发量大于降雨量等因素影响,形成了大量盐碱地,对该地区盐碱地进行生态修复具有重要的生态安全意义。文章综述了黄河三角洲盐碱地成因、盐分主要构成、盐胁迫对植物尤其竹类植物的影响,以及竹类植物在滨海盐碱地应用种植情况,认为竹类植物具有很好的观赏性和生态及经济价值,在滨海盐碱地有种植先例和研究报告,种植技术成熟,可以通过筛选、引种、驯化耐盐碱竹类植物,在黄河三角洲盐碱地生态修复中应用。     

The effect of understory removal on microclimate and soil properties in two subtropical lumber plantations

Understory vegetation is an important component in forest ecosystems. However, the effects of understory on soil properties in subtropical forests are not fully understood. We thus conducted an experimental manipulative study in two young fast-growing plantations—Eucalyptus urophylla and Acacia crassicarpa—in southern China, by removing understory vegetation in both plantations, to estimate the effects of understory vegetation on microclimate, soil properties and N mineralization. Our data showed that, after 6 months, understory removal (UR) in both plantations had greatly increased soil surface luminous intensity (90–500 cd) and temperature (0.5–0.8 °C); soil moisture was reduced in the Eucalyptus plantation but not in the Acacia plantation. Understory removal also reduced soil organic matter (SOM), but had little impact on other soil chemical properties, including total phosphorus, C/N, pH, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, Mg), available P, ande extractable NH₄–N and NO₃–N. We found a significant decline of soil N mineralization and nitrification rates in the 0–5 cm soils of UR in both plantations. The decline of SOM in UR may contribute to the lower N transformations rates. This study indicates that a better understanding of understory vegetation effects on soil N cycling would be beneficial to forest management decisions and could provide a critical foundation for advancing management practices.     

基于RFID与ZigBee的羊场养殖信息管理系统

为了选育性状优良的羊进入核心种群,将RFID射频识别、ZigBee无线通信与ARM嵌入式技术相结合,研制了一套羊场养殖信息管理手持终端。手持终端包括基于S3C6410处理器的ARM核心板、125 kHz RFID阅读器、基于CC2530芯片的ZigBee无线通信模块以及多功能底板。软件开发过程中,构建了包含设备驱动的Linux系统环境,利用Qt/Embedded的信号/槽机制实时接收RFID数据,基于OSAL操作系统的ZigBee2007协议栈实现ARM与ZigBee网络之间的通信,在Qt中设计触摸屏图形界面以及串口通信、通信指令、软键盘、蜂鸣器、中文显示等后台程序,具有日常管理、育种管理及疫病管理等模块功能。现场测试结果表明,手持终端能够实时采集、录入、存储、拷贝、查询养殖信息并通过ZigBee无线网络与上位机通信,可满足羊场信息化管理的需要。     

福建省牡蛎食用中感染副溶血性弧菌的风险评估

目前,世界上由食源性微生物引发的疾病日益严重,联合国粮农组织认为,非常有必要把对水产品中食源性微生物引发的疾病的风险评估,介绍给世界各国,尤其是一些发展中国家,本文通过运用微生物风险评估的方法,对福建省生牡蛎食用中感染副溶血性弧菌进行了风险评估。副溶血性弧菌是革兰氏阴性细菌,与胃肠炎病有关,它主要在近     

鼠尾藻的生物学特性及筏式养殖技术研究

报道了鼠尾藻的生物学特性及人工筏式养殖技术。经106天的筏式养殖，藻体平均长度从5.5cm长到79.1cm；每绳重量从860g长到3500g，而对照组只长到1750g。试验组每667m^2产值约6000元。     

供港活猪4种疫病抗体水平监测及免疫效果分析

为掌握广东惠州地区供港活猪主要疫病的免疫状况,我们对供港活猪主要疫病抗体水平作了一次跟踪监测,并对免疫效果进行了分析.2012-2014年,分5次共采取了900头供港猪血清,采用ELISA方法对猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征、伪狂犬病、0型口蹄疫的抗体水平进行检测.结果显示,猪瘟抗体免疫合格率在68.9％ ～78.3％之间,口蹄疫在67.2％～82.8％之间,免疫效果不理想;猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征抗体免疫合格率在73.9％～ 92.8％之间,伪狂犬病在86.7％ ～ 93.9％之间,免疫效果较理想.     

黄海北部中国对虾合理放流数量的讨论

在黄海北部放流虾的渔获量(y 百万尾)与放流数量(x 亿尾)之间有着统计学上可置信的关系,α=0.05,用 y=ax+bx~2描述,a=14.63,=0.45。最大放流量为16亿尾,最佳经济放流量为15亿尾(计数误差20%)。在目前条件下,我们认为控制放流量在11亿尾(计数准确率90%)是合理的。预测了前景,提出了可供选择的方案。     

Morphological studies of peripheral blood cells of the Chinese sturgeon, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser sinensis</Emphasis>

The peripheral blood cells of one-year-old Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) have been studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The erythrocyte count was 84.86 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³ in the peripheral blood of the fish and that of leukocytes was 2.24 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³. The erythrocytes and four main types of leucocyte—thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes (including neutrophils and eosinophils), and monocytes, were identified in the peripheral blood. In addition to normal erythrocytes, reticulocytes and division of erythrocytes were observed. Thrombocytes were the most numerous among the leukocytes, and the number of neutrophils with lobated nuclei was larger than for other fish. The structures of the erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes of the fish were studied. The erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some mitochondria and granules. A large number of vacuoles and a few organelles were observed in cytoplasm of the monocytes. There were many microvilli on the membrane and pseudopodia-like cytoplasm bulge in the lymphocytes. The neutrophils were round or oval in shape with bilobed, trilobed, or multilobed nuclei whereas the eosinophils had big special granules, dark stained. There were many vesicles in some thrombocytes, which were related to its phagocytosis; some thrombocytes had almost no cytoplasm or organelles.     

棉花短季直播栽培与营养钵育苗移栽产量和效益比较研究

通过大田对比试验,研究了长江流域棉花短季直播栽培与营养钵育苗移栽的生育期、产量构成及经济效益.结果表明,通过增密迟播、控氮控高、化学催熟等技术措施综合运用,可以实现棉花短季直播栽培.与营养钵育苗移栽比较,短季直播栽培棉花全生育期缩短89 d;吐絮集中在9月至10月上旬,吐絮期缩短61d;株高、单株果枝数、单株成铃数均极显著降低,产量略有减少,未达显著水平;用工减少47.2％,纯收益增加1.45万元·hm-2.