欧洲丁鱥三种复合预混料配方对比试验

丁鱥（Tinca tinca L.）隶属于鲤科,雅罗鱼亚科,丁鱥属。其原产于欧洲,有皇家宠鱼之称,广泛分布于欧洲平原的河流和湖泊中,我国仅分布于新疆额尔齐斯河和乌伦古河流域,该鱼是属于偏动物食性,生存温度为0～37℃,是一种底栖的温水性鱼类。丁鱥具有对环境适应范围广,对疾病抵抗力强,生长较快,集中抢食,养殖技术简单等特点,适合于中国大部分地区养殖,是替代鲤鱼、鲫鱼较为理想的品种。目前,正在被全国水产研究部门和生产单位所关注。     

丁鱥与鲫鱼肌肉营养成分组成和含量比较分析

丁鱥（Tinca tinca L．）原产于欧洲，有皇家宠鱼之称，我国只分布于额尔齐斯河和乌伦古河流域。具有对环境适应范围广、对疾病抵抗力强、生长较快、集中抢食、养殖技术简单等特点，生存温度0～37℃。该鱼营养丰富，肉质细嫩，蛋白质丰富，尤其是脑黄金（不饱和脂肪酸）含量比其他淡水鱼高出3—4倍，被誉为绿色保健食品。该鱼有绿黄蓝白等多种表现色，形态优美，既是鱼中的食用佳肴，又是观赏和垂钓的佳品。该鱼属中型鱼类，其上市规格平均达250g即可上市。为调整杭州地区养殖品种结构，我们于2001年从新疆产地引入该鱼，对该鱼开展系统研究。试验对丁鱥与江浙一带较受欢迎的常见食用鲤科鱼类——鲫鱼肌肉营养成分组成及含量进行了比较分析，为研究推广该鱼提供科学依据。     

洛氏鱥的研究现状及养殖发展前景

洛氏鱥(Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski)为我国土著江河野生的杂食性小型经济鱼类,具有肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、营养价值高、适应范围广、抗病力强、耐低氧等特点,是一种很受市场欢迎的名贵鱼类。本文在查阅国内外相关文献报道的基础上,介绍了洛氏鱥的生物学特性、研究方向及发展前景。旨在为洛氏鱥的健康养殖及调整我国水产养殖品种结构提供参考。     

中草药添加剂在鱼类养殖中的应用研究进展

随着我国鱼类养殖规模不断扩大,鱼类养殖的饲料添加剂受到广泛关注。中草药添加剂因其原料天然、毒副作用小、无污染等优点深受养殖户们的青睐,被广泛应用于鱼类养殖。文章通过对中草药添加剂的特点及应用等方面进行探讨,阐明中草药添加剂在鱼类养殖中的作用和应用前景,以期为中草药添加剂在鱼类养殖中的应用提供指导。     

简述鱼类骨骼畸形及其诱因

随着我国水产养殖事业的蓬勃发展,在养殖过程中出现的问题越来越多,养殖过程中出现鱼类骨骼畸形问题也是众多问题之一。鱼类在生长过程中,骨骼畸形会导致鱼类抢食能力下降,摄食能力降低,     

饲料中不同比例的鱼粉比对丁鱥幼鱼生长和消化酶的影响

试验探讨了饲料中不同比例的鱼粉比对丁鱥(Tinca tinca)幼鱼生长和消化酶的影响.以鱼粉作动物蛋白源,豆粕、菜饼为植物蛋白源,选择均重(6.5±0.22)g的丁鱥幼鱼900尾,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ 6组,分别饲喂鱼粉为0％、20％、40％、60％、80％、100％的饲料56 d.结果表明,用鱼粉为60％...     

鱼类抗脂肪肝因子研究进展

在现代集约化的养殖模式下,由于人们片面追求高的生长速度而过度投饵或大量使用高能量高蛋白饵料,忽略鱼类本身在不同生长阶段对营养物质的需求特点而导致养殖鱼类如草鱼、鲫鱼、鲤鱼等患脂肪肝病的机率大增。而肝脏是鱼体内最主要的代谢器官,其损伤或病变往往导致     

鱼类的补偿生长现象与启示

<正>在生长过程中,鱼类常常会受到饥饿、营养不足或者其它各种不良环境条件的胁迫,导致其生长速度下降,体重低于未受胁迫的正常个体。当胁迫消失后,在一定时间内,鱼类的生长速度加快,体重会赶上甚至超过正常个体,这表明鱼类出现了补偿生长。补偿生长现象在鱼类中普遍存在,例如,草鱼、鲫鱼、鲤鱼、鳊鱼、黄颡鱼、鲟、黄鳝、长吻鮠等淡水养殖鱼类,鲑、鳕鱼、鲽、鲆、鳎等海水养殖鱼类都具有不同程度的补偿生长能力。补偿生长的产     

北方地区池塘养殖草鱼种技术

吉林省地处寒温带,鱼类生长周期短,而且鱼类不能安全越冬的浅水泡塘、湖泊众多。这些泡塘、湖泊等水草资源非常丰富,特别适合放养大规格草鱼种,可以当年投放当年捕捞,效益非常可观。但由于养殖技术等各种原因,养殖草鱼种的规格和产量一直不理想。通过近几年的养殖实践,我们摸索     

池塘高密度养殖黄颡鱼的生长和效益分析

黄颡鱼隶属鲶形目、鲿科和黄颡鱼属.作为一种肉味鲜美和经济价值较高的养殖鱼类,近年在全国各地广泛养殖,也取得较为显著的养殖经济效益.黄颡鱼为偏肉食性的杂食性鱼类,在人工养殖条件下,主要摄食配合饲料.不同地区黄颡鱼的池塘养殖主要在放养密度、商品鱼上市规格和配合饲料的养殖效果等方面有一定的差异,因此也导致养殖的经济效益有较大的差异.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.