细粒棘球蚴细胞系（13G—5）细胞代谢抗原的免疫性和反应原性

应用培育成功的人源细粒棘球蚴细胞系（１３Ｇ－５）细胞的天然代谢抗原，接种昆明小鼠，于接种后第１４天给免疫小鼠接种人源细粒棘球蚴原头节约１０００个，于２００天剖检观察有无包囊形成，病理切片鉴定；并用该抗原作为诊断怕，使用间接血凝（ＩＨＡ）、琼脂扩散（ＡＧＤ）试验，检测临床确诊的细粒棘球蚴病人血清，以多房棘球细病人血清、细颈囊尾蚴羊血清及正常人血清作为对照。结果表明，该抗原能使６０％的小鼠获工抗细粒棘     

绵羊细粒棘球蚴全血金标渗滤检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速、高效的诊断家畜细粒棘球蚴病方法,提取绵羊细粒棘球蚴包囊新鲜囊液,盐析囊液抗原,点样于硝酸纤维膜,以胶体金-驴抗羊IgG和胶体金-兔抗鼠IgG为检测标记物,采用垂直流渗滤装置检测绵羊与人工感染细粒棘球蚴小鼠血清和全血特异性抗体。患病绵羊阳性血清及全血检出率在90.91%~94.4%,细粒棘球蚴感染小鼠血清及全血检出率均为100%;细粒棘球蚴阴性羊血清和全血假阳性率为4.00%~4.59%;与脑多头蚴病血清交叉反应率为28.57%(2/7)。研究结果表明细粒棘球蚴全血金标渗滤法(DIGFA)可应用于绵羊棘球蚴病的诊断与检疫。     

羊脑多头蚴病ELISA试验用抗原制备的初步研究

用羊脑多头蚴包囊头节、犬多头多头线虫节片经超速离心制备的抗原以及多头蚴包囊液抗原,分别对32头份羊脑多头蚴病阳性血清和63头份阴性血清进行EISA检测。头节抗原、节片抗原和囊液抗原的阳性率分别为81.25％、78.12％和53.12％,前两者阳性率均高于后者;其阴性率分别为82.54％、79.36％和80.95％。进而以头节抗原对32头份羊脑多头蚴病血清、25头份羊细颈囊尾蚴病血清、12头份羊棘球蚴病血清和7头份羊肝片吸虫病血清以及31头份羊肝片吸虫病阴性血清进行ELISA试验。结果,分别有26头份、9头份、4头份、1头份和1头份为阳性反应。经Dancan’s检验,多头蚴病血清S/N平均值明显地高于多头蚴病阴性血清。从而初步证明头节抗原用于诊断羊脑多头蚴病具有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

棘球蚴病免疫诊断的新进展

一、囊状棘球蚴病(CHD,细粒棘球绦虫) 20年前,当Capron及其同事(1967)用免疫电泳从免疫了细粒棘球蚴囊液的动物血清及感染棘球蚴的病人血清中描述了一条主要沟沉淀带时,他们为囊状棘球蚴病血清学诊断的特异性的“金标准”(Gold Standard)奠定了基础。这条沉淀带,作者们把它称为“弧5”,是生发层及原头节所分泌的一种热稳定脂蛋白抗原抗体应答的结果。这一抗原是迄今为止已鉴定的细粒棘球绦虫中绦期物质中最具免疫原性、最特异的组分(Schantz等,1986;Richard等,1986)。在许多不同地区对数千病例的检测表明,在滴人血清中证实“弧5”是感染细粒棘球绦虫、多房棘球绦虫或伏氏棘球绦虫任一种的直接阳性证据。在Varela—Diaz等(1978)报道感染猪囊尾蚴的病人血清中亦发生“弧5”反应之前,还没有在未     

应用间接血凝(IHA)检测绵羊棘球蚴病的感染率

采用新鲜的绵羊棘球蚴囊液,经过处理,用最适浓度(380μg/ml)致敏绵羊红细胞,制成IHA诊断液,用IHA法对321只(份)成幼年改良羊、藏羊进行棘球蚴病感染率的检测,结果表明:成年改良羊棘球蚴感染率为86.05％,幼年改良羊感染率为85％,血清滴度达1:64—1:4096;成年藏羊感染率为74％,幼年藏羊感染率为51.06％,血清滴度1:64—1:256。15只(份)标准阴性羊血清全部为阴性,血清滴度0—1:4。30只(份)标准阳性羊血清,28只(份)为阳性,血清滴度为1:64—1:4096,阳性符合率达93.33％。此方法敏感性高,可用于棘球蚴病的流行病学调查及防治效果考核。     

用ELISA法观察模型小鼠原发性感染细粒棘球绦虫后特异性抗体的变化规律

分别用较高纯度的细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴抗原和传统使用的囊液抗原对一次感染和二次感染细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴的小鼠血清进行ELISA测定，认为寄生于不同部位的包囊刺激机体产生的抗体水平不同．同时检测早期抗体时，六钩蚴抗原比囊液抗原更具有阶段性优越性。小鼠二次感染六钩蚴后六钩蚴抗体水平得到明显加强，并推测认为一次感染产生的六钩蚴抗体可能是具有保护性的抗体。     

青海省湟中县绵羊衣原体病的调查报告

笔者应用衣原体间接血凝试验(IHA)对青海省湟中县绵羊衣原体病血清学进行了调查,共检测400份生产母羊血清,检出阳性样品3份,阳性率0.75%。其中,检测上新庄镇的羊血清140份,阳性0份,阳性率为0;检测大才乡的羊血清100份,阳性3份,阳性率3%;检测田家寨镇的羊血清60份,阳性0份,阳性率为0;检测海子沟乡的羊血清100份,阳性0份,阳性率为0。     

细粒棘球绦虫排泄分泌抗原的研究：六钩蚴排泄分泌抗原的反应原性

本实验应用体外培养方法制备细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴排泄分泌（ＥＳ）抗原，应用酶联兔疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）首次对六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原的反庆原性进行了初步分析。以５μｇ／ｍｌ包被反应板分别与已知阳性，阴性血清；人工感染血清；免疫血清；疫区屠宰绵羊血清；肝片吸虫，细颈囊尾蚴以及边虫感染的绵羊添反应，结果表明六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原具有较好的反庆原性。ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００层析以抗原有一定的纯化作用。纯化六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原可     

新疆塔城地区绵羊细粒棘球蚴流行株基因分型研究

为了探明新疆塔城地区绵羊细粒棘球蚴流行株基因型,根据GenBank公布的12S rRNA基因和CO1基因分别设计特异性引物,对58个绵羊细粒棘球蚴包囊进行PCR检测,再通过CO1特异性引物对检测阳性病料进行PCR扩增、测序及基因分型。通过12SrRNA基因检测发现58份样品均为阳性;对所测得的58条CO1基因序列分析,发现新疆塔城地区绵羊细粒棘球蚴流行株基因型均为G1型,且CO1基因序列存在多态性,为塔城地区绵羊细粒棘球蚴病的防控提供了科学依据。     

包虫病的防治效果

<正>危害牛羊的包虫病主要有细粒棘球蚴病、多头蚴病、细颈囊尾蚴病(也称三蚴病)。成虫隶属带科的细粒棘球绦虫、多头带绦虫和泡状带绦虫的中期绦虫体,即包虫囊,终宿主感染原头蚴发育为     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.