共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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核酸适体是指采用指数富集配体的系统进化技术从随机单链寡核苷酸库中筛选出的能与靶物质高特异性、高亲和力结合的配体。鉴于适体特有的亲和力高、特异性强、精确识别、易体外合成与修饰等特点,其被广泛应用于分析化学、基因调控、蛋白质组学和新药研发等领域。在疫病的检测方面,核酸适体逐渐成为抗体的代替或补充试剂,已初步应用于生物芯片、生物传感器、分子信标等多种检测技术平台,并具有良好的敏感性和特异性,显示出了良好的应用前景。本文就适体技术及其在疫病诊断中的应用进展作一综述。 相似文献
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化学发光免疫分析(chemiluminesecence immunoassay,CLIA)是用于疫病检测的一种免疫检测技术,是基于免疫反应原理,结合化学发光检测技术而建立的。与放射免疫分析、酶免疫分析等标记免疫技术相比,具有无放射性污染、灵敏度高和特异性强的特点,已被广泛应用于疫病流行病学调查、诊断、药物分析以及微生物检测等方面。本文简要介绍了CLIA技术的基本原理及发展,从细菌、病毒和寄生虫检测方面,综述了近年来该技术在动物疫病检测中的应用,提出该技术正向高特异性、高灵敏度、高通量、快速和自动化检测的方向发展,这为今后CLIA在动物疫病检测中的应用研究提供参考。 相似文献
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PCR技术及其在禽流感诊断中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多聚酶链式反应(PCR)具有特异性强、灵敏度高、快速简便及重复性好等优点,各种临床样品都可用PCR进行检测,现已开发出多种PCR新技术,用于生物学科的各个领域。本文对PCR技术的原理及其在动物疫病尤其是禽流感的诊断与检验中的应用及研究进展做一综述,以期对禽流感的诊断与防制有所帮助。 相似文献
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因不合理或违规使用兽药, 导致兽药原型或代谢物在动物源性食品和水体中残留, 继而危害人类健康、破坏生态环境。因此, 兽药残留快速检测方法的建立显得尤为重要。受体、抗体、适配体等生物识别元件具有分子识别能力, 根据其特性已发开了不同的检测方法, 如免疫分析法、受体检测法及生物传感器法等方法, 广泛用于生物医药的研究。由于分子识别元件是分析的主体, 影响分析的选择性, 因此不同识别元件与兽药相互作用的机制越来越受到人们的重视。随着计算机技术的发展, 同源建模和分子对接广泛用于残留检测技术, 主要用于药物与蛋白质之间、抗原与抗体之间、受体与配体之间等生物分子之间相互作用的研究。笔者重点介绍了单链抗体(ScFv)、受体和适配体3种识别元件与兽药小分子之间的互作机制, 主要分析生物识别元件与兽药结合部位形成的氢键、疏水性及关键氨基酸或碱基, 在分子水平上探究药物与识别元件的机理和规律, 从而找出影响识别元件与药物结合的关键因素, 并对3种识别元件进行了总结, 以期为全面了解识别机制和体外进化, 制备出亲和力更广的ScFv、受体、适配体提供理论支撑, 为后续药物残留检测技术和药物开发奠定基础。 相似文献
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禽用核酸疫苗的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
核酸疫苗是近 2 0年来发展起来的一种新型疫苗 ,它应用现代生物工程技术和分子生物学技术 ,克服了传统疫苗所存在的一些问题 ,具有传统疫苗不可比拟的优点 ,成为国内外学者争相研究的热点之一 ,呈现出良好的发展势头和应用前景。在禽病学领域 ,禽流感、新城疫、传染性支气管炎、传染性法氏囊等疾病的核酸疫苗得到了较为深入的研究 ,为禽用核酸疫苗乃至其他领域的核酸疫苗的进一步研究提供了有益的参考 ,也将会为养禽业带来不可估量的经济效益。通过对禽用核酸疫苗研究概况的综述 ,不仅可以了解国内外研究动态 ,借鉴最新的研究方法和研究思路 ,也可以发现问题和提出问题 ,进而寻求新的研究方向 相似文献
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Hongru Liang Xiaozhe Fu Lihui Liu Qiang Lin Huizhi Guo Yonggang Li 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(2):89-94
AbstractGrass Carp reovirus (GCRV) is one of the most pathogenic agents among aquareovirus isolates and has the ability to cause a severe epidemic outbreak of hemorrhagic disease, thus resulting in both a high mortality rate during the culture of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and an enormous economic loss. Aptamers have been demonstrated to have strong promising applications in antiviral drug development. In the present study, a complementary DNA fragment encoding the S10 gene of GCRV was cloned. The S10 protein was expressed and purified. Aptamers for S10 protein were selected by the method of selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), and their characteristics and antiviral actions were examined. All targeting-selected aptamers formed a similar structure, forming a 5–7 base loop at the terminus. The results show that the aptamers could inhibit the GCRV infection. The most significant inhibitory effect was obsereved when the aptamers were added to the cell culture for 1 h before the cells were infected by GCRV. Our data showed that these novel molecular agents could be considered suitable candidates for anti-GCRV therapy.Received August 23, 2016; accepted February 5, 2017Published online April 5, 2017 相似文献
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动物核酸疫苗的研究现状及发展前景 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
核酸疫苗是近年来备受人们关注的一种新型疫苗。核酸疫苗以其特有的可诱导机体产生全面的免疫应答,对不同亚型的病原体具有交叉防御作用,以及安全、可靠、生产方便等优点被称之为“疫苗的第三次革命”。核酸疫苗由编码能引起保护性免疫反应的病原体抗原的基因片段和载体构建而成,包括DNA疫苗和RNA疫苗,目前研究较多的是DNA疫苗。DNA疫苗是指含有编码抗原基因的真核表达质粒DNA,经直接接种体内后,可被体细胞摄取,并转录、翻译、表达出相应的抗原,然后通过不同途径刺激机体产生针对此种抗原的应答。作者简单介绍了动物核酸疫苗的特点、免疫机制、免疫影响因素及在畜禽传染病中的应用,此外还分析了核酸疫苗的发展前景等问题,从而为核酸疫苗的发展提供了新思路和新途径。 相似文献
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P S Paul 《Veterinary microbiology》1990,24(3-4):409-417
Nucleic acid probe technology is increasingly being used in basic research in veterinary microbiology and in diagnosis of infectious diseases of veterinary importance. This review presents an overview of nucleic acid probe methodology and its applications in veterinary infectious diseases. The major applications of nucleic acid probes include detection of pathogens in clinical samples, especially those organisms which are fastidious and difficult to cultivate, differentiation of virulent from avirulent organisms and vaccine strains from wild type isolates, typing of microorganisms, mapping genes, screening libraries of cloned DNA for specific genes, detection of latently infected or carrier animals, study of mechanisms of pathogenesis, epidemiological studies and food safety. 相似文献
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The binding affinity of ytterbium (Yb3+) and hafinum (Hf4+) to ligands of chemical entities of fragments of bermudagrass tissues and their resistance to exchanging Yb with other ligands and to displacement by protons were investigated. Chemical entities of acid resistant NDF (ARNDF), 0.1 N acid detergent fiber (0.1 N ADF), and permanganate cellulose (CELL) were prepared from fragments of bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) obtained by grinding to pass a 2-mm sieve. 175Ytterbium and Yb, as YbCl3, were initially bound to each preparation by soaking for 12 h in pH 5.5 borate buffer to obtain Yb bound onto ligands having affinity constants for Yb equal to or greater than that for the weakly stable borate ligand, Yb > or = borate. The fraction of Yb > or = borate was measured and fragments then sequentially exposed to acetate, citrate, nitrotriacetate (NTA), and EDTA ions to allow exchange of Yb from Yb > or = borate with ligands having affinity constants for Yb equal to or greater than acetate (Yb > or = acetate), citrate (Yb > or = citrate), NTA (Yb > or = NTA), and EDTA (Yb > or = EDTA) ions. Binding of Yb > or = borate indicated the existence of two species of ligands: strong ligands binding essentially 100% of added Yb at levels of 1 to 1,300 ppm (0.1 N ADF) and at 1 to 7,000 ppm (ARNDF); and weaker ligands binding 4 and 8% of the Yb, respectively, at levels of added Yb greater than 1,300 ppm and 7,000 ppm. Ytterbium > or = acetate of ARNDF, but not 0.1 N ADF, was as resistant to exchange as Yb > or = citrate. Ytterbium > or = borate was exchanged extensively (85% or greater) with soluble ligands having affinity constants > or = NTA. Ytterbium resistance to proton displacement at pH of 1.5 increased with Yb > or = EDTA > Yb > or = NTA > Yb > or = citrate > Yb > or = acetate. Very efficient binding of Yb to CELL suggested that such chemical preparations are not representative of native cellulose. Hafnium (4+) was strongly bound to plant tissues rendering both Hf and Hf-bound DM insoluble at a pH of 1.5 and insoluble in a modified NDF solvent without EDTA. It is concluded that Yb specifically applied as Yb > or = acetate and Hf4+ are indelible markers for estimating sojourn time of undigested plant tissues at the normal pH of the rumen. Because of its resistance to proton displacement, Hf4+ would be an indelible marker for estimating sojourn time in more acidic postgastric segments of the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献