孔雀石绿间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

采用无色孔雀石绿(Leucomalachite green,LMG)单克隆抗体建立了水产品中孔雀石绿(Malachite green,MG)残留的间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)检测方法。结果表明,LMG-McAb最佳稀释倍数为1∶80 000,包被抗原最佳质量浓度为0.80μg/mL;竞争反应时的LMG理想稀释液为40%乙腈水溶液;标准曲线呈线性相关,相关系数R2=0.9823,最适检测范围1 ng/mL~256 ng/mL,最低检测限为1.29 ng/mL,批内和批间变异系数分别为4.307%和4.566%;鳗鱼肉样的平均添加回收率为90%~110%;该检测方法与隐性结晶紫、孔雀石绿、结晶紫的交叉反应(CR%)分别为40.67%、13.50%和5.89%,与其他抗生素无交叉反应。     

乳雀石绿及其代谢物检测方法研究进展

孔雀石绿(Malachite green,MG)属三苯甲烷类染料,化学名称为四甲基代二氨基三苯甲烷,结构见图1.在水产养殖中,孔雀石绿主要用来抗真菌感染和杀灭寄生虫,一般用于鱼类防治水霉病、烂鳃病以及寄生虫等.因其价格低廉、疗效显著.曾在水产养殖业中广泛应用.孔雀石绿进入水生动物体内后,会快速代谢成脂溶性的无色孔雀石绿(Leucomalaclaite green.LMG),结构见图2.     

抗氯霉素单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用人工合成的氯霉素-人血清白蛋白(CAP-HSA)作抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术建立了1株分泌抗CAP单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞1F9.经检测,其分泌的抗体亚类为IgG1,杂交瘤染色体数目84～96条,间接ELISA检测细胞培养上清效价为1256,诱生小鼠腹水的抗体效价可达16×105.该细胞连续培养生物学性状稳定,竞争间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ciELISA)显示,其与供试抗生素交叉反应小,表明该单抗具有较大的应用价值.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒M蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)抗M蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究以截短表达的His-M重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠;以截短表达的GST-M重组蛋白作为包被抗原,采用常规的淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备杂交瘤细胞,通过间接ELISA进行筛选,得到一株稳定分泌抗M蛋白MAb.MAb亚类鉴定为IgG2b型,轻链为к链,杂交瘤细胞培养上清和诱导的小鼠腹水抗体效价分别为1:3000和1:2×105.Western blot试验表明该MAb能够识别重组及天然的PEDV M蛋白.间接免疫荧光试验表明该MAb能够与PEDV感染的Vero E6细胞产生特异性免疫荧光.     

高效液相色谱法测定水产品中孔雀石绿和隐性孔雀石绿的残留量

采用高效液相色谱法测定鱼体组织中孔雀石绿及其代谢物隐性孔雀石绿的残留量,共检测不同水产品市场的样品559份(包括太阳鱼、桂花鲈、鲮鱼、边鱼、鳗鱼、多宝鱼).未检测到孔雀石绿阳性样品;而隐性孔雀石绿阳性率分别为:桂花鲈8.22%、边鱼5.79%、鳗鱼0%、太阳鱼7.88%、鲮鱼4.17%、多宝鱼为0,样品中隐性孔雀石绿的总检出率为5.01%.本试验的MG回收率范围在91.78%～99.87%,LMG的回收率范围在78.02%～94.97%.MG的相对标准偏差为0.89%～2.09%,LMG的相对标准偏差为1.27%～3.41%.检出限为2μg/kg.     

蓝舌病病毒单克隆抗体的研究 Ⅰ.杂交瘤细胞的建立

用小鼠骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)与经篮舌病病毒免疫的BALB/C小鼠脾细胞进行融合,产生杂交瘤细胞。以免疫荧光(间接法)和ELISA(间接法)进行杂交瘤抗体分泌检测,用有限稀释法进行3次克隆,获得5株抗体分泌稳定、产量高的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。     

细胞表面荧光免疫吸附法在猪流行性腹泻病毒N蛋白单克隆抗体杂交瘤筛选中的应用

为验证细胞表面荧光免疫吸附法(CSFIA)筛选高活性杂交瘤细胞的效果,本研究以原核表达的猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)重组N蛋白为免疫原,免疫6周龄～8周龄的BALB/c雌性小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,分别采用CSFIA和间接ELISA方法筛选杂交瘤细胞,并检测目的杂交瘤细胞分泌的单克隆抗体(MAb)效价。结果显示,CSFIA筛选的MAb 1B1比间接ELISA筛选的MAb 3D3抗体效价高10倍,并且通过观察荧光强度能够实现杂交瘤细胞的一次性筛选,无需多次亚克隆,周期缩短约30 d。本研究表明CSFIA在筛选杂交瘤细胞中具有简单、直观和高效的优点,是一种值得推广的快速制备MAb的新方法。     

家蚕微孢子虫单克隆抗体的研制

以家蚕(Bombyx mori)微孢子虫(Nosema bombycis)免疫BALB/C小鼠的脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞融合后制备杂交瘤细胞,分泌对N.bombycis孢子表面抗原特异性的单克隆抗体。用酶联吸附免疫分析(ELISA)以筛选杂交瘤细胞,经3次有限稀释法克隆后,用包括N.bombycis等6种微孢子虫及正常蚕体组织匀浆作抗原筛选出1株分泌仅对N.bombycis孢子有特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株(LC_2)。小鼠腹水滴度为1:640O,用ELISA最少检出100O个孢子的样本。     

抗促乳素单克隆杂交瘤细胞株的建立及鉴定

制备抗促乳素(prolactin,PRL)的单克隆抗体。应用PRL纯品免疫BALB/c小鼠,被免疫小鼠的脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,间接ELISA筛选阳性克隆,将阳性克隆多次有限稀释得到抗PRL阳性单克隆细胞株,杂交瘤细胞上清分离法和诱生腹水法制备单克隆抗体,测其效价。共建立5株持续分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为AA5B1、AB6C8、BB3C1、CA6E4、CE2H6。杂交瘤细胞株冻存4个月后复苏培养,形态良好,生长旺盛。培养液上清及腹水效价的OD值略有升高,说明杂交瘤细胞株稳定。5株杂交瘤细胞染色体众数均为99～105,并可见到中部和亚中部着丝点的骨髓瘤细胞标志染色体,说明5株杂交瘤细胞确为SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞与被免疫小鼠的脾细胞融合而产生的。     

O型口蹄疫病毒单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

利用O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞进行融合,经间接ELISA方法筛选和7次亚克隆后获得2株能稳定分泌单克隆抗体(MeAb)的杂交瘤细胞株.经间接ELISA检测,2株杂交瘤细胞株(3E1、7E6)的腹水效价分别为1:25 600、1:102 400.间接免疫荧光试验和特异性试验表明2株McAb可与不同株的O型FMDV反应,而不与其他血清型的FMDV反应.Western blot和叠加试验表明2株单抗可识别0型FMDV结构蛋白VP1上的同一个抗原表位.此特异性McAb的获得将为O型FMDV疫苗的研制和诊断方法的建立奠定基础.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Observations of fracture of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine

Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process.     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.