深化动物生理学实验教学改革,促进高职院校学生创新能力的培养

动物生理学是高等农业职业院校和高等农业院校畜牧兽医专业的一门重要的基础课程,而动物生理实验教学又是动物生理学教学中的一个重要组成部分,在培养应用型、技能型、创新型等人才方面起着重要作用。本文就动物生理学实验课教学改革的重要性、实验教学体系的改革等方面,对学生创新能力的培养进行了初步探索与实践。     

深化动物生理学实验教学改革,促进高职院校学生创新能力的培养

动物生理学是高等农业职业院校和高等农业院校畜牧兽医专业的一门重要的基础课程,而动物生理实验教学又是动物生理学教学中的一个重要组成部分,在培养应用型、技能型、创新型等人才方面起着重要作用。本文就动物生理学实验课教学改革的重要性、实验教学体系的改革等方面,对学生创新能力的培养进行了初步探索与实践。     

改革动物生理实验教学加强学生创新能力培养

为进一步培养学生的动手能力和创新能力,从优化实验教学体系、采用多种实验教学方法和手段、建立实验综合考核办法等方面提出了动物生理学实验教学的改革措施。     

虚拟仿真实验技术在动物生理学实验教学中的应用探索

随着网络信息技术的快速发展,虚拟仿真实验技术逐渐应用于普通高校实验教学中。本文以动物生理学实验教学为研究对象,论述了传统动物生理学实验教学的弊端,结合虚拟仿真技术探索动物生理学的实验教学。实践表明,虚拟仿真实验技术与动物生理学实验教学的融合,可以有效地提升学生的分析和实践能力,激发学生的学习兴趣,推动传统教学模式向信息化、智能化方向的变革。     

动物生理学实验教学单独设课之重要性

在高校的动物生理学教学中,实验教学是其中的一个重要组成部分。作为课堂教学的重要辅助和补充,动物生理实验教学效果对课堂教学具有极大的驱动作用。为突出动物生理实验教学的重要性,对动物生理学实验施行单独设课,这是考查理论教学效果、促进实验课教学质量的一种重要措施。     

构建动物机能学实验课程体系的探索

为适应素质教育改革的需要,结合吉林大学实际,动物科技实验教学中心将动物生理学、动物病理生理学和兽医药理学实验有机地融合为一体,构建了动物机能学实验课程体系,对实验教学内容、教学方法、考评方式以及师资队伍建设等方面进行了探索。     

改进动物生理学实验教学和考核方法的探索

动物生理学实验教学对本科生基本实验操作技能和创造性实验能力的培养具有重要意义,改进动物生理学实验教学和考核方法可以指导和检验学生更好的学习和掌握实验课程。在传统的教学和考核方法基础上对动物生理学实验课程教学环节和考核方法进行合理改进,重在紧扣教学各个环节,突出对学生实验操作能力的培养,对学生是一个提高能力的好手段,得到学生的肯定,教学效果良好。     

动物生理学的主体参与式实验教学改革与实践

动物生理学实验教学是理论教学的重要环节,为进一步提高教学质量,本文针对动物生理学实验的特点以及教师在教学、学生在学习上所存在的一些问题,从教师的教学模式与课程考核等方面进行了探讨,以求能够对动物生理学实验课的改革有所启示。     

激发学生对《动物生理学》实验学习主动性的教学改革

以动物生理学实验教学为例,从加强自学和实验预习、加强实验前准备、培养实验兴趣、优化实验项目、优化教学方法、完善考核评价体系等方面进行教学改革,从而调动学生的实验积极主动性及解决实际问题的能力。     

动物生理学实验教学改革与实践

以地方高师院校生物科学专业动物生理学实验教学为例,从优化实验项目、转变教学模式和完善评价体系进行系统改革,提高了学生综合分析问题、解决问题的能力以及创新意识。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.