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多不饱和脂肪酸对机体免疫机能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是细胞膜磷脂的重要组成成分,因而决定了细胞膜的流动性和变形性。在机体受到外界抗原刺激时,淋巴细胞和抗体的分泌以及产生新免疫细胞等都依赖于脂肪的参与。因此,细胞膜磷脂中脂肪酸组成的变化,将对机体免疫功能产生影响。 相似文献
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转移因子(Transfer factor,TF)是免疫活性淋巴细胞所释放的参与机体免疫功能的多肽与寡聚核苷酸的混合物,可以将供体的免疫特性转移给受体的淋巴细胞,从而提高机体免疫功能。兽医临床常用以提高机体免疫机能以及解除免疫抑制。TF提高机体免疫力的作用无种属特异性,可以在不同种属的动物之间相互转移免疫信息。随着我国畜禽 相似文献
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维生素A是一种动物所必需的营养素和重要抗氧化剂,具有保护上皮组织完整性、促进骨骼发育、调节新陈代谢和胚胎发育、增强机体免疫力等功能。随着研究的深入,人们逐渐发现维生素A在肠黏膜免疫和诱导淋巴细胞的凋亡中也充当着重要的免疫佐剂。为进一步拓宽营养与免疫研究视野,作者就维生素A在免疫方面的最新研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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<正> 多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)是一类含有两个或两个以上双键且碳原子数为16~22的直链脂肪酸。按照ω编号系统(n 编号系统)可将其分为ω-9组、ω-7组、ω-6组、ω-3组,其中具有重要生物学功能的通常是ω-3组和ω-6组。常见的 PUFAs 有:ω-3PUFAs中的α-亚麻酸(ALA),二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳五烯酸(DPA),二十二碳六烯酸(DHA);ω-6PUFAs 中的亚油酸(LA),r-亚麻酸(GLA),双高-ω-亚麻酸(DHGLA)和花生四烯酸(AA)等。研究表明,PUFAs 是所有细胞膜的重要成分,对机体的激素代谢和许多酶的活性起调控作用,能降低心脏病发生率,抑制前列腺增生和乳腺肿瘤,延缓免疫功能 相似文献
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选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考. 相似文献
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近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。 相似文献
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1前言1.1鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播,是主要的传播媒介,一般在夏末和秋季多发,由于夏季降雨量较大,部分沟渠积水,库蠓和蚋多孳生,因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。1998年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害,吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重,出现了一个白冠病多发年,而后两年发病稍轻,并有地区性,今年8月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势,有一定的死亡率,对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低,应引起养鸡户的重视。1.2鸡痘鸡痘也是… 相似文献
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Sellier N Vidal ML Baron F Michel J Gautron J Protais M Beaumont C Gautier M Nys Y 《British poultry science》2007,48(5):559-566
1. The repeatability and heritability of growth inhibition by egg albumen of two major pathogenic bacteria, a Gram-negative (Salmonella Enteritidis) and a Gram-positive (Staphyloccocus aureus) and of two antimicrobial albumen proteins, lysozyme and ovotransferrin, were estimated in commercial pedigree hens. 2. Repeatability was evaluated in 100 egg-type hens at the beginning, middle and end of the laying cycle on eggs collected for 3 weeks. Heritabilities were estimated at 36 to 40 weeks of age on 400 pedigree hens (2 eggs/hen), which were the offspring of 25 sires each mated with 4 dams. Ovotransferrin and lysozyme were quantified by ELISA. Salmonella Enteritidis (S.E.) and Staphyloccocus aureus (S.A.) were inoculated into a sample of sterilised albumen and enumerated after incubation. 3. Total protein content in albumen decreased with age of laying hens, whereas there were increases in lysozyme or ovotransferrin concentrations and in the bacteriostatic effect of albumen. 4. Repeatability for bacterial growth in albumen ranged from 0.29 to 0.39 for the number of S.E. (log cfu/ml) one day post inoculation (p.i.) but was lower and more variable at 5 d p.i. or for S.A. number. It ranged from 0.27 to 0.38 for S.E. and S.A. number at the mid period of the laying cycle. Repeatabilities were low and variable for total egg albumen protein or lysozyme and ovotranferrin concentrations (0 to 0.22). 5. Negative phenotypic correlations were observed between lysozyme concentrations and S.E. number but that between lysozyme and S.A. number was not significant. 6. Heritabilities were low (0.01 to 0.09) for protein traits. They were 0.11 for S.A. number and 0.16 for S.E. number one day p.i. 7. It appears to be more efficient to select on global bacterial growth than on specific antimicrobial proteins. The most promising trait is the number of S.E. one day p.i. 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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草地生态资产与生态系统服务概念与特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着?"两山"论和"山水林田湖草生命共同体"发展理念在我国草业领域的实践与应用,科学认识草地生态资产和生态系统服务的概念和内涵,对保证草地资产核算和生态系统服务价值评估的合理性和有效性具有重要意义.目前对草地自然资源、自然资产、生态资产和生态系统服务及价值的认识不尽相同,生态资产与生态系统服务价值的区别与关系混淆不清.... 相似文献