猪附红细胞体病的病症及防治体会

猪附红细胞体病是由猪附红细胞体引起的,以贫血、黄疸、发热为特征的传染病。几年来,由于猪附红细胞体病的普遍流行,给养猪业带来了很大的经济损失。猪感染附红细胞体后,可导致猪机体抵抗力、免疫力降低,极易引起其他疾病的混合感染。临床上很难准确诊断,引起误诊,导致病情难以控制而暴发,给养殖户带来很大的经济损失。     

猪大肠杆菌病的诊断与防治措施

近几年,养猪场因猪大肠杆菌感染导致猪死亡的现象时有发生。猪大肠杆菌病的发病率较高,传播速度较快,传染性较强,猪群一旦被致病性大肠杆菌感染,会给养猪场带来巨大损失。本文深入探究了猪大肠杆菌病的诊断与防治措施,以减少猪大肠杆菌病的发病率,降低养殖户的经济损失。     

猪水泡病的诊断与防治

猪水泡病很容易感染人类,其临床症状与口蹄疫相似。然而,猪水泡病与口蹄疫的区别在于其不容易感染羊和牛等偶蹄类家畜,其严重危害人体的身心健康,从而给广大养殖户造成非常严重的经济损失。本文通过论述猪水泡病的诊断与防治策略,旨在提升养猪大户的经济效益。     

猪病发生特点分析及对策

近年来,猪病呈现多种病原混合感染态势,导致猪病症状不典型,诊断困难,难以有效防控,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。笔者认为,重新认识猪病多病原混合感染的发生特点和原因,及早改善猪群生长环境,及时推广应用中草药保健猪群健康,全面实施生物安全保障措施,不断增强猪只免疫力,是目前有效防控猪病多病原混合感染的有效办法,也是促进养猪业健康持续发展的根本途径。     

规模化猪场防控猪疫病的综合技术措施

近年来,猪病呈现多种病原混合感染态势,导致猪病症状不典型,诊断困难,难以有效防控,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。本文结合当前我国猪群中疫病流行状况,就防控猪疫病的综合技术措施作以简要介绍。     

猪附红细胞体病的防治

猪附红细胞体病是由立克次体目,无浆体科,附红细胞体属多形态微生物所引起的一种贫血性、接触性、高热性传染病。秋冬、冬春交季时雨水勤,蚊虫多,发病率较高,不同畜龄均可发病。一旦发生,饲养管理不善、不及时诊断治疗或与其它病混合感染将会给养猪业造成严重的经济损失,死亡率可达50%~80%。2004年,笔者遇到了一例猪附红细胞体病,由于诊断治疗及时没有造成较大的经济损失。1发病情况2004年9月初,某养猪户养育肥猪40头,猪重60 kg左右,死亡2头,死亡率5%。     

猪囊虫病的症状鉴别诊断及其防治

猪囊虫病是一种人畜共患的疾病,是由于猪感染了猪囊虫而出现的一种寄生虫疾病。猪囊虫主要寄生在猪的肌肉组织中又称为猪囊尾蚴病,该种疾病不仅会严重威胁到猪养殖产业的健康发展,而且还会严重威胁到人体的健康。最近几年,云南省泸水市的猪养殖产业不断向前发展,养殖规模逐年增大,而猪囊虫病的报告病例也呈现增多趋势,常常因为防治不及时给养殖户造成严重的经济损失。本文主要集合实际情况,就猪囊虫病的症状、鉴别诊断和防治进行了分析,希望通过本次研究对引导养殖户更好的防控该种疾病有一定帮助。     

猪大肠杆菌病的诊断和防治的一点体会

猪的大肠杆菌病(Colibacillosis，ETEC)是较为常见猪传染病之一，病死率虽然不高，但严重影响仔猪生长发育，导致饲养成本增高，对养猪生产危害较严重，给养猪业带来巨大经济损失。猪大肠杆菌病按发病日龄分为仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢和猪水肿病，常与其他常见传染病混合感染，一般难以快速诊断，往往因为治疗不当不及时造成损失。作者结合多年防治该病的临床经验，谈一点诊断和防猪大肠杆菌病的体会，仅供养猪户参考。     

猪细小病毒病的诊断与防治

猪细小病毒病又称猪繁殖障碍病。是由猪细小病毒引起的一种猪的繁殖障碍病。以怀孕母猪发生流产、死产、产木乃伊胎为特征。近年来与其他病毒混合感染,导致很多疾病综合征。由于此病不引起猪的大量死亡,许多养殖户又不懂,延误治疗时间,给养猪业造成较大的经济损失。     

猪繁殖障碍性疾病的诊断及防治

猪繁殖障碍性疾病是对当前养猪业危害最严重的一类疾病.近几年来,由于一些猪场引种不检疫、不隔离观察、检疫不力、消毒不到位致使一些地区、一些猪场暴发多种疫病,造成了严重的经济损失.当前,猪的伪狂犬病已成为养猪业危害较大的疫病,繁殖障碍性猪瘟、猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征日趋增多,猪乙脑和细小病毒病的危害尚在继续,猪弓形体病也是屡见不鲜.而且有的猪病发病不典型,有的与其他相似病易混淆不易分清,有时表现为混合感染,这样给疫病的诊断及防治带来极大的困难.为了进一步提高对常见猪繁殖障碍性疾病的诊断能力,特作如下简介：     

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒传播途径特性的比较及其表面基因序列分析

选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。     

种鹅矛形剑带绦虫与背孔吸虫混合感染的诊治

2005年9月份,大庆市红岗区个体养鹅专业户送检6只病死的5月龄左右隆昌鹅和长白鹅,经过实验室诊断确诊为矛形剑带绦虫与背孔吸虫混合感染。矛形剑带绦虫属膜壳科     

禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布

家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考.     

秋冬季预防和治疗虫媒性传染病鸡白冠病和鸡痘

１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是…     

Shape and size of teeth of dogs and cats-relevance to studies of plaque and calculus accumulation

Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined.     

Evaluation of lysozyme and lactoferrin in lacrimal and other ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle.     

Estimations of repeatability and heritability of egg albumen antimicrobial activity and of lysozyme and ovotransferrin concentrations

1. The repeatability and heritability of growth inhibition by egg albumen of two major pathogenic bacteria, a Gram-negative (Salmonella Enteritidis) and a Gram-positive (Staphyloccocus aureus) and of two antimicrobial albumen proteins, lysozyme and ovotransferrin, were estimated in commercial pedigree hens. 2. Repeatability was evaluated in 100 egg-type hens at the beginning, middle and end of the laying cycle on eggs collected for 3 weeks. Heritabilities were estimated at 36 to 40 weeks of age on 400 pedigree hens (2 eggs/hen), which were the offspring of 25 sires each mated with 4 dams. Ovotransferrin and lysozyme were quantified by ELISA. Salmonella Enteritidis (S.E.) and Staphyloccocus aureus (S.A.) were inoculated into a sample of sterilised albumen and enumerated after incubation. 3. Total protein content in albumen decreased with age of laying hens, whereas there were increases in lysozyme or ovotransferrin concentrations and in the bacteriostatic effect of albumen. 4. Repeatability for bacterial growth in albumen ranged from 0.29 to 0.39 for the number of S.E. (log cfu/ml) one day post inoculation (p.i.) but was lower and more variable at 5 d p.i. or for S.A. number. It ranged from 0.27 to 0.38 for S.E. and S.A. number at the mid period of the laying cycle. Repeatabilities were low and variable for total egg albumen protein or lysozyme and ovotranferrin concentrations (0 to 0.22). 5. Negative phenotypic correlations were observed between lysozyme concentrations and S.E. number but that between lysozyme and S.A. number was not significant. 6. Heritabilities were low (0.01 to 0.09) for protein traits. They were 0.11 for S.A. number and 0.16 for S.E. number one day p.i. 7. It appears to be more efficient to select on global bacterial growth than on specific antimicrobial proteins. The most promising trait is the number of S.E. one day p.i.     

Comparison of electrophoretograms of normal canine serum and plasma and of serum and plasma of hemolyzed specimens.

Comparison of the electrophoretograms of normal canine plasma and serum revealed a greater concentration of the beta3-fraction in plasma due to the presence of fibrinogen. When serum or plasma of hemolyzed canine blood was analyzed electrophoretically, there were slurring of the beta-globulin peaks due to the presence of free hemoglobin and increases in alpha2-globulins due to the formation of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex.