斜带髭鲷海水网箱养殖技术总结

斜带髭鲷（图见彩中插2）隶属于鲈形目、石鲈科、髭鲷属，俗称打铁婆、包公鱼，为近海中下层鱼类，斜带髭鲷活鱼运输方便、成活率高，价格多年稳定在40～50元／千克。本人从2003年就开始试养斜带髭鲷，多年在福鼎沙埕港不同海区养殖摸索，现将斜带髭鲷海水网箱养殖情况介绍如下：     

斜带髭鲷网箱养殖技术

<正>斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)属鲈形目,石鲈科,髭鲷属,俗称包公鱼、打铁鱼。斜带髭鲷具有抗病能力强、病害少、成活率高、生长快等优点,且其肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、营养丰富、色彩鲜艳、市场售价高,是近年来我国东海沿海重要的海水鱼类网箱养殖对象。2017年笔者在莆田市南日岛东岱海区进行斜带髭鲷网箱养殖试验,将体长5～8 cm斜带髭鲷     

斜带髭鲷人工繁育在天津市首次获得成功

<正>天津市水产研究所夏苏东博士主持,联合天津盛亿水产养殖有限公司和滨海新区汉沽渔业服务中心技术人员共同承担的市水产局项目"斜带髭鲷人工繁育技术研究"获得阶段性成果,成功获得健康斜带髭鲷幼鱼。目前,幼鱼生长正常,平均体长7.67cm,平均体重22.67g。3月17日,通过专家阶段性验收。斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)属于鲈形目、石鲈科、髭鲷属,俗称包公鱼,我国沿海均有分布,其肉味鲜美、色彩鲜艳,市价较高,为近海中下层鱼类,栖息于岩礁较多的海区,主要以小型鱼类、甲壳类为食,适温范围为8℃~35℃,最适水     

斜带髭鲷养殖技术

本介绍斜带髭鲷Hapalogenys nitens Richardson的分类、生态习性和养殖方法。斜带髭鲷最适生长水温22－28℃，最适盐度26－32‰；要求pH8.0-8.4；溶解氧含量4mg/L以上，养殖场所的选择在水质条件好，无污染的海区为宜，种苗放养密度约为35尾／m^3.     

斜带髭鲷人工繁殖的初步研究

本文报道了1995—1996年斜带髭鲷人工繁殖试验的初步结果。海水网箱培育2周年的斜带髭鲷性腺已成熟,繁殖季节能自然产卵,卵径907—1019μm,在水温24.2—24.6℃、盐度30.5％、pH值8.25的条件下,受精卵经24小时30分钟发育孵出仔鱼,初孵仔鱼全长2.44—2.77mm。     

斜带髭鲷线粒体DNA 控制区序列的结构分析

采用PCR技术获得我国南海斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)养殖及野生群体共50尾样品的mtDNA控制区全序列,长度范围788 ～790 bp;测得序列与GenBank下载的其他鲈形目鱼类D-loop全序列利用CLUSTAL X进行排序后,对控制区结构进行分析.识别了其终止结合序列区、中央保守区和保守序列区,指出了终止相关序列的主体是TACAT与其反向互补序列ATGTA以及一系列保守序列(CSB-F、CSB-E、CSB-D和CSB-1、CSB-2、CSB-3),并给出了其一般形式;此外,基于斜带髭鲷D-Loop全长序列,利用贝叶斯法构建了分子系统进化树.结果显示,斜带髭鲷养殖群体与野生群体部分样品各自紧密聚成一小支,而在整棵进化树上,养殖样品与野生样品相互交错聚集在一起,可见本研究海区斜带髭鲷养殖群体与野生群体之间的遗传差异分化不显著.     

斜带髭鲷网箱养殖技术

斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)属于鲈形目、石鲈科、髭鲷属,俗称十八枚、打铁婆,我国沿海均有分布,其肉味鲜美、色彩鲜艳,市价较高,为近海中下层鱼类,栖息于岩礁较多的海区,主要以小型鱼类、甲     

斜带髭鲷和紫红笛鲷早期发育阶段的行为选择

采用实验生态学方法研究斜带髭鲷(Hapaologenys nitens)和紫红笛鲷(Lutianus argentimaculatus)幼鱼早期发育阶段的行为选择,旨在从行为学角度为优化种苗生产管理提供科学依据。结果显示,斜带髭鲷回避红色底质,对黑色底质的选择则是随着生长而逐渐增加,1 cm体长组的隐匿习性最强,为50.67%;2 cm和3 cm组的隐匿率分别为40.67%和35.33%;4 cm组仅25.00%。1 cm组的顶流率为3.35%,4 cm达71.65%。1 cm和2 cm组在1 760~2 210 lx照度下的分布率分别为41.67%和35.00%,在39~59 lx为8.33%和16.67%,4 cm组在38~53 lx的分布率达41.67%,在2 780~2 980 lx仅为8.33%。体长1 cm的紫红笛鲷喜栖息于白色底质,约占总群体的61.00%,随着生长,对黑色底质的喜好明显增强;4 cm组对白色底质无选择,而对黑色底质的选择达到63.67%。1 cm组的隐匿百分率为55.67%,4 cm组仅为25.00%。在流速1 cm/s的情况下,趋流率比较低,为50.00%左右,1 cm组在流速3 cm/s时的趋流率最高,达到98.67%;1 cm组的顶流率为96.65%,3 cm和4 cm组的顶流率仅为6.65%和3.35%。研究表明,斜带髭鲷和紫红笛鲷行为特征随着个体的发育而变化。     

斜带髭鲷线粒体DNA控制区序列的结构分析

采用PCR技术获得我国南海斜带髭鲷（Hapalogenys nitens）养殖及野生群体共50尾样品的mtDNA控制区全序列,长度范围788～790bp;测得序列与GenBank下载的其他鲈形目鱼类D-loop全序列利用CLUSTALX进行排序后,对控制区结构进行分析。识别了其终止结合序列区、中央保守区和保守序列区,指出了终止相关序列的主体是TACAT与其反向互补序列ATGTA以及一系列保守序列（CSB-F、CSB-E、CSB-D和CSB-1、CSB-2、CSB-3）,并给出了其一般形式;此外,基于斜带髭鲷D-Loop全长序列,利用贝叶斯法构建了分子系统进化树。结果显示,斜带髭鲷养殖群体与野生群体部分样品各自紧密聚成一小支,而在整棵进化树上,养殖样品与野生样品相互交错聚集在一起,可见本研究海区斜带髭鲷养殖群体与野生群体之间的遗传差异分化不显著。     

石鲈科鱼类苗种繁育和良种选育技术

石鲈科属鲈形目,中国沿海有4属19种,饶平县主要养殖花尾胡椒鲷、斜带髭鲷、断斑石鲈三个品种。石鲈科鱼类由于体色艳丽,肉质鲜美,价值适中,较易为消费者接受,     

Fish assemblage associations and thresholds with existing and projected oil and gas development

Energy development threatens fish and wildlife resources worldwide. This study used constrained ordinations to show fish assemblage structure associated with oil and gas well densities in the Colorado River Basin, Wyoming, but well densities explained only 6.4% of assemblage structure when compared to other factors. Threshold Indicator Taxonomic ANalysis showed significant negative threshold responses by some species to small levels of development (<0.15 wells km^?2), whereas positive thresholds were less distinct. Some native and imperilled species could be disproportionately affected if future oil and gas development proceeds in a manner that will impact aquatic resources. Although existing development has not substantially influenced regional fish assemblage structure, it appears to affect a subset of species. Understanding assemblage‐level responses to development can help land managers determine appropriate development levels, prioritise areas for monitoring associated with future development and identify where land protection measures may be needed to offset potential risks.     

Achieving sustainable aquaculture: Historical and current perspectives and future needs and challenges

Important operational changes that have gradually been assimilated and new approaches that are developing as part of the movement toward sustainable intensive aquaculture production systems are presented via historical, current, and future perspectives. Improved environmental and economic sustainability based on increased efficiency of production continues to be realized. As a result, aquaculture continues to reduce its carbon footprint through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Reduced use of freshwater and land resources per unit of production, improved feed management practices as well as increased knowledge of nutrient requirements, effective feed ingredients and additives, domestication of species, and new farming practices are now being applied or evaluated. Successful expansion into culture of marine species, both off and on shore, offers the potential of substantial increases in sustainable intensive aquaculture production combined with integrative efforts to increase efficiency will principally contribute to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein and food security needs.     

Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in dogs and cats. Technics and indications

A report is presented of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in cats and dogs using flexible endoscopes. Following consideration of the basic equipment, an account is given of patient preparation and anesthesia, topography, investigation technique and normal findings. Diagnostic potential, indications and risks involved are discussed.     

Gar biology and culture: status and prospects

Many lepisosteid populations in North America have declined and many are now threatened as a consequence of habitat loss and alteration and commercial and sport overfishing. Over the last two decades, morphological, histological and molecular studies allowed distinguishing between different phases of development and the nutritional condition of larvae. Ontogeny of the digestive enzymes of gar larvae indicated the possibility to feed them artificial feeds since early developmental stages. An in vitro digestibility system to test different feed ingredients has been used. Important characteristics of artificial diets were identified through different feeding experiments. Endocrinological studies showed the feasibility of altering larval development and the digestive capacity of larvae. Cloning of gar growth hormone opened new avenues to enhance growth in the gars. Plasmatic vitellogenin was isolated and purified, to develop a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which allowed the straightforward separation of males from females to establish appropriate proportions for reproduction and also was used to evaluate hormonal protocols to induce gonad recrudescence and spawning. This review analyzes the biology, ecology and physiology of different gar species as a basis for their domestication, mass production of larvae for repopulation experiments and for the culture of commercial‐size gar.     

奶牛酮病发病机理研究进展

结合国内外目前研究状况较为详细的综述了奶牛酮病的病因与发病机理,并分析了奶牛酮病发生的生化机制。旨在对临床实践中很好的认识诊断和群体监控奶牛酮病提供较为系统的理论依据,保证奶牛群的高产和稳产,从而创造良好的经济效益。     

添加植酸酶日粮不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血液生化指标和骨骼性能的影响

本试验利用饲养试验方法,研究玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加植酸酶时不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血清指标和骨骼性能的影响。试验选用162头20kg左右的杜长大三元杂交猪进行2×3(磷水平×钙磷比)因子饲养试验,试验分2个阶段进行,前期为生长期体重在20-60kg,后期为肥育期体重为为60-100kg。结果表明:添加植酸酶日粮磷水平对血清磷含量和碱性磷酸酶的活性影响显著(P<0.05);钙磷比对血清钙和血清磷含量的影响显著(P<0.05);添加植酸酶日粮磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪骨骼性能的影响不显著(P>0.05)。在添加植酸酶条件下,降低日粮磷水平不影响猪的正常生长发育。     

加快城乡统筹，推进我国农垦体制创新与经济发展的研究与思考

“十一五”以来,我国农垦加快体制机制改革、结构调整和经济增长方式的转变的步伐,参与市场竞争,努力提升企业和产品竞争力,经济社会事业发展较快,对国家的贡献提升,职工收入、生活质量明显提高和改善,示范引领作用不断增强。本文针对农垦体制机制创新进展滞缓,战略定位与发展方向不明,经济增长方式转变和结构调整缺乏资本、人才、技术的支撑,没有处理好改革、发展、稳定、民生的关系,投资匮乏,发展后劲不足,人才短缺和劳动力素质低下的现状,提出在未来农垦体制机制创新中要特别关注改革方向、目标设定与评估,改革要在现行法律法规的框架内运作,改革时机的选择,处理好改革发展稳定与民生的关系,调整好内部利益分配关系,自觉融入区域经济,与地方协同发展等问题。为了促进农垦的发展,建议国家加大对农垦体制机制创新、现代农业建设、国有农场土地资源的保护、社会保障体系的完善等财政和政策的支持力度。     

温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响_

温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响王丹丽，李明云，杨天勇，胡章（宁波大学，３１５０１０）关键词老年低额　，蚤状　，温度，盐度，生长，生殖ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＳＡＬＩＮＩＴＹＯＮＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＲＥＰＲＯＤＵＣＴ...     

中国鲟鱼的保护、管理与产业化

1　世界现存鲟鱼的种类和资源鲟鱼是一类起源早、具有重要科学研究价值和极高经济价值的稀有物种 ,多数种类个体大 ,半数种为溯河洄游产卵鱼类。按目前较为公认的分类系统 ,现存鲟鱼类有 2科 6属 2 7个种 ,隶属于硬骨鱼纲、软骨硬鳞总目、鲟形目 (Acipenseriformes) ,其中鲟属有 17个种 ,主要经济种类在其中。它们全部分布于北半球 ,现存 9个自然分布区为 :太平洋东岸、北美大湖地区、大西洋西北部、北美密西西比河流域和墨西哥湾、大西洋东北部、里海地区、西伯利亚及北冰洋流域、黑龙江和日本海、长江和珠江。鲟鱼自然种群资源稀少 ,在过…     

川渝地区鸡皮刺螨的流行与综合防治

鸡皮刺螨是鸡的一种体外寄生的节肢动物,流行十分广泛,对养殖业发展有严重影响。为了解鸡皮刺螨的发病情况,对川渝两地的126个鸡场进行流行病学调查,感染率高达71%。同时,介绍了鸡皮刺螨的生活史、危害及防治措施,是防制鸡皮刺螨不可多得的资料。