Biochemical composition of wild and cultured seahorses (Hippocampus kuda Bleeker)

The seahorse has been used for thousands of years as an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China. Many species of wild seahorse have become endangered, but demand for them continues to grow rapidly. Therefore, it is urgent to cultivate seahorses to relieve the strain on natural populations and meet the market demand for this TCM. In this study, medicinal components of wild and cultured yellow seahorses (Hippocampus kuda Bleeker) were analysed and compared. Different parts of the body (cortex and bone), male and female specimens, and seahorses of different ages were analysed. Crude protein, crude fat, trace elements, calcium, amino acid, fatty acid, steroid and cholesterol content were measured. The results showed that moisture content accounted for 70% of wet weight and ash content increased with growth. Crude protein and fat contents were higher in cultured seahorses than in wild specimens, and the content of Zn in cultured seahorses (93.26 ± 10.44%) was significantly higher than that of same‐aged wild seahorses (74.20 ± 3.83%). Amino acid and fatty acid contents of cultured seahorses also were higher than those of wild seahorses. These findings show that cultured seahorses can also be used in TCMs and that 1‐year‐old cultured seahorses have the best properties.     

Biochemical Composition of Six Seahorse Species, Hippocampus sp., from the Chinese Coast

The biochemical composition of six seahorse species from the Chinese coast was analyzed in this study. The crude protein content (% dry weight) of Hippocampus kuda, Hippocampus trimaculatus, Hippocampus kelloggi, Hippocampus spinosissimus, Hippocampus histrix, and Hippocampus comes was 70.70 ± 2.12%, 77.59 ± 1.06%, 78.31 ± 1.74%, 71.15 ± 1.32%, 68.07 ± 1.96%, and 76.59 ± 3.25%, respectively. The major amino acids (>5% of the total) in seahorses were arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine, and there were significant differences in essential amino acids (EAA) (as % of total protein) among the six species (P < 0.05). The scores of EAA were balanced in the seahorse species, and the essential amino acid indexes of the six species were 41.63, 40.89, 44.84, 39.60, 39.31 and 45.45, respectively. The content of flavor‐enhancing amino acids of the six seahorse species was generally high, ranging from 28.16 ± 1.12% in H. histrix to 32.90 ± 2.17% in H. kelloggi (P < 0.05). The total lipid content was generally low, ranging from 0.96 ± 0.08% in H. histrix to 2.02 ± 0.24% in H. comes. The most abundant fatty acid was C16:0, ranging from 15.04 ± 0.67% in H. trimaculatus to 31.04 ± 4.32% in H. spinosissimus. The combination of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid as the fraction of the total fatty acids was high (0.14–0.35). The polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio ranged from 0.40 in H. kuda to 1.19 in H. histrix. The trace metal concentrations in the seahorses were generally low. The six seahorse species examined provide a food source for humans with low fat, high protein, good levels of EAA, and high beneficial trace elements. These results are valuable in developing diets for culturing seahorse species.     

大海马在人工养殖条件下的生长速率

报道了在人工养殖条件下,大海马(Hippocampus kuda Bleeker)的体长与体重的相对生长率、生长比率及生长速度与饵料、水温等环境因子的关系。结果表明，大海马生长高峰期为5～11月，群体体长月平均增长率为12.20％，体长特定增长率为15.92％；体重月平均增重率为15.87％，体重特定增重率为27.70％，群体增重倍数为13.8。大海马体长呈逻辑斯蒂曲线增长，关系式为L＝192.3460／(1＋e     

Grow-out of juvenile seahorse Hippocampus kuda (Bleeker; Teleostei: Syngnathidae) in illuminated sea cages

This paper examines the feasibility of rearing 10–15-day- and 0.7–1.5-month-old seahorse Hippocampus kuda in illuminated sea cages to continue existing hatchery protocols to mass produce H. kuda for trade and enhance depleted wild stocks in their natural habitats. Thawed Acetes (a planktonic crustacean abundant in inshore seas) was fed to juvenile seahorses in lighted and unlighted sea cages while one group in lighted cages was not fed Acetes . After 10–12 weeks of rearing, both mean body weight and stretch height increased in all treatment groups, with lighted cage-reared seahorses fed Acetes being heavier (2 g) and longer (8 cm) than the other two treatment groups. Although instantaneous growth rates declined during the rearing period, these were generally higher among Acetes -fed seahorses in lighted cages (0.02–0.07) compared with those in the unlighted cages with Acetes and lighted cages without Acetes feeding. Mean survivorship in all groups ranged from 9% to 74% after the trials, but mean survivorship of juveniles in lighted cages with Acetes feeding (9–74%) was consistently lower than the two treatment groups as a likely result of crustacean and piscine predators being attracted by light and the odour of leftover Acetes in the lighted cages. These results demonstrate that light-attracted zooplankton prey supplemented by Acetes feeding may provide essential nutrients for the growth of H. kuda juveniles in illuminated sea cages. With further improvement in the grow-out protocol, it may provide a possible alternative livelihood to seahorse fishers and sufficient seed to re-populate depleted wild stocks of H. kuda .     

Prey–predator dynamics in seahorses (Hippocampus guttulatus): deciphering fatty acid clues

Understanding the flow of fatty acids between trophic levels can provide important clues on prey–predator dynamics and nutritional requirements of the species. This study investigates the fatty acid flow between enrichment emulsions, Artemia nauplii and Hippocampus guttulatus juveniles, and evaluates the nutritional value of enriched and unenriched Artemia for newborn seahorses. The fatty acid profile of Artemia and seahorses generally reflected the dietary composition, but fatty acids were not linearly transferred between trophic levels. The incorporation of dietary fatty acids showed to be a more complex process involving dietary composition, predator metabolism and nutritional requirements. Artemia composition resulted from a dynamic balance between what was assimilated and metabolized by the nauplii during enrichment. Prey fatty acids were incorporated in seahorses, but HUFA, particularly DHA, were selectively retained to fulfil their high requirements. H. guttulatus newborns were not successfully reared on Artemia nauplii, not even on enriched Artemia, with low survival rates (15.0–26.7%) being observed in all feeding treatments. The high MUFA content and low DHA level of Artemia did not fulfil the high SFA and PUFA requirements of newborn juveniles, particularly their great DHA demands. Higher survivorship was obtained with enriched Artemia, but no differences were detected in juvenile growth.     

温度对大海马摄食行为及生长速率的影响

选取体质良好、活力强的大海马(Hippocampus kuda Bleeker),体重(3.075 g±0.16 g)、体全长(11.55 cm±0.31cm)。设置18℃、23℃、28 3℃个实验组和1个对照组(CT组:自然变温),每组3个重复,实验周期28 d。结果显示,大海马在23℃时生长速率最快,摄食活跃;28℃大海马反应最迅速(5.8 s±0.74 s),摄食量最大(153.92 g±10.33 g),活动频繁,泳速大;而18℃和自然变温条件下对食物的反应不敏感,多缠绕在附着物上,摄食时呈聚集式分布;23℃和28℃时,相对活跃,会主动游向饵料摄食,摄食效率较高。综上所述,温度的改变对大海马的生长速率及摄食行为均有一定影响;在适宜温度下,大海马的活力大,摄食量多,生长速率相对较快。本研究旨在为大海马饵料开发和养殖环境优化提供科学数据。     

Nutritional comparison in muscle of wild,pond and factory cultured Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) adults

Muscle proximate composition, amino acid profiles, fatty acid compositions and selected minerals of wild, pond and factory cultured Japanese flounder adults were compared in this study to elucidate their nutritive values and dietary nutrition requirements. Wild and pond cultured Japanese flounder flesh had higher crude proteins, but crude lipid contents of factory cultured fish were 3.8~4.0 fold greater. Major amino acids in Japanese flounder were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine. Wild fish had higher levels of total amino acids, essential amino acids, nonessential amino acids and half‐essential amino acids and the contents in pond cultured samples were similar. Arachidonic acids (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), DHA + EPA and n–3 PUFA in wild Japanese flounder were significantly higher than that in factory cultured fish, whereas fatty acid levels were close between pond cultured and wild fish. Japanese flounder were rich in zinc, iron and selenium, but poor in copper, chromium and nickel. Results indicated wild Japanese flounder had higher nutritional value and better meat quality, but the nutritional compositions of pond cultured fish were close to wild Japanese flounder, which suggested that pond culture of Japanese flounder offers broad application prospects.     

深水网箱和池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾肌肉营养成分的比较分析

对深水网箱和池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)肌肉常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸质量分数进行了比较分析。结果显示:1)网箱养殖对虾肌肉粗蛋白质量分数显著高于池塘养殖(P0.05),而水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分质量分数无显著差异(P0.05);2)肌肉中检测到18种常见氨基酸,网箱养殖对虾肌肉氨基酸总量(TAA)、天门冬氨酸(Asp)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、精氨酸(Arg)和脯氨酸(Pro)质量分数显著高于池塘养殖(P0.05),而必需氨基酸(EAA)、半必需氨基酸(HEAA)、鲜味氨基酸(DAA)和虾味氨基酸(PFAA)两者无显著差异(P0.05);3)肌肉中检测到30种常见脂肪酸,两者的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(EPA和DHA)质量分数差异显著(P0.05),以网箱养殖对虾较高;两者的棕榈酸(C16∶0)质量分数最高,且网箱养殖对虾EPA+DHA质量分数是池塘养殖的1.90倍。结果表明,网箱养殖对虾营养成分要优于池塘养殖,具有较高的营养价值。     

线纹海马尾部溃烂症病原轮虫弧菌的分离鉴定及特性分析

本研究分离了线纹海马(Hippocampus erectus)尾部溃烂症病原并对其理化、胞外酶和药敏特性进行了分析。结果显示,分离于患病海马肝脏的优势菌株HM-10为线纹海马尾部溃烂症病原菌,其对海马的半致死浓度(LD_(50))为1.51×10~6 CFU/g体重。API 20E理化分析显示,该菌精氨酸双水解酶阴性,赖氨酸、鸟氨酸脱羧酶阳性,L-阿拉伯糖、杏仁苷产酸。基于形态观察、理化指标对比,以及16S rRNA和看家基因(gyrB、rpoD、recA)序列分析结果,确定菌株HM-10为轮虫弧菌(Vibrio rotiferianus)。采用平板玻璃纸覆盖法制备该菌胞外产物(ECP),溶血及胞外酶活性分析结果显示,菌株HM-10的ECP对绵羊血有较强的溶血活性,同时具有蛋白酶、明胶酶、淀粉酶、脲酶活性,但不具有脂肪酶和卵磷脂酶活性。药敏分析结果显示,菌株HM-10对氨基糖苷类、青霉素类、头孢类、酰胺醇类及多肽类等17种药物敏感。本研究确定了线纹海马尾部溃烂症的病原菌为轮虫弧菌,结果对海马养殖中弧菌病的防治提供了参考资料。     

兴凯湖翘嘴鲌野生和养殖群体脂肪酸及相关血液指标的比较

对3龄、4龄和5龄兴凯湖翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)野生和养殖群体肌肉脂肪含量、脂肪酸含量以及部分血液生化指标进行了分析比较.结果表明:在兴凯湖翘嘴鲌野生与养殖群体肌肉中均检测到18种脂肪酸,以油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸为主.野生群体肌肉饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二...     

Dietary fatty acid enrichment during the spawning season increases egg viability and quality in Hippocampus hippocampus

Control of the reproductive cycle is essential to achieve a successful aquaculture industry. Seahorse reared in captivity often shows eggs of poor quality and low offspring survival due to unsuitable rearing and nutritional protocols. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary enrichment, added exclusively during the spawning season, on the egg quality of Hippocampus hippocampus. The effect of enriching mysis throughout the spawning season was analysed in terms of female fecundity, egg viability, egg size and fatty acid profile. The results showed that fecundity was not affected by the enrichment of the diet, but egg viability was increased when females were fed the enriched mysis (84.9 ± 4.1% compared to 62.2 ± 9.4%). Moreover, the content of several PUFA (20:4n‐6, 18:2n‐6, 22:5n‐3, 22:5n‐6, sum of n‐6) decreased throughout the spawning season, especially in the last clutch, in eggs originated from females fed non‐enriched mysis. Eggs from females fed the enriched diet maintained the fatty acid profile throughout the spawning season. In conclusion, enrichment of the diet of H. hippocampus improved egg viability and avoided a decrease in the quality of eggs by maintaining PUFA content in the last clutches of the spawning season.     

微山湖四鼻须鲤养殖群体和野生群体肌肉营养成分分析

利用常规肌肉营养测定方法,分析了微山湖四鼻须鲤(Cyprinus carpio)野生群体和养殖群体各10尾的肌肉营养成分。结果显示,四鼻须鲤野生群体的粗蛋白(18.05%)和钙(0.69mg/g)含量高于养殖群体的17.27%和0.49mg/g,野生四鼻须鲤的粗脂肪含量(1.02%)低于养殖群体(1.86%),两者的水分、粗灰分和磷含量基本相同,肌肉中氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有18种氨基酸,4种呈味氨基酸总量分别为6.71%和6.08%(鲜样),必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为73.35和67.44,其构成比例符合FAO/WHO的标准。     

池养大海马的摄食_生长和生态转换效率

对大海马 (平均体长 92 .82± 2 .0 5 2 6mm ,平均体重 6 .6 9± 0 .4 5 70g)在养殖条件下 (放养密度为 2 0 0ind·m-3 ,溶解氧保持在 5 .5mg·L-1以上 ,生物耗氧量低于 3mg·L-1,pH值 7.5～ 8.2 ,透明度 5 0～ 85cm ,盐度 15 .2～ 2 6 .5 )的摄食、生长和食物生态转换效率进行了定量研究。通过系统取样 ,测量海马的全长、体重和消化道内食物重量 ,计算其增长速度、摄食率、消化道排空率、生态转换效率等数值 ,发现大海马的摄食每天有两个摄食高峰 ,即 12 :0 0和 18:0 0 ,晚上不摄食或很少摄食。大海马的日摄食量为 16 .6 342± 0 .782 0g·(10 0g) -1,日摄食率为 1177.2 5cal·ind-1,排空率 0 .14 4 4g·(10 0g) -1·h-1,食物转换效率 2 0 .0 4 % ,能量转换效率 31.4 2 %。体长日平均增长速度和日均增长率分别为 1.176 6mm和 1.2 7% ;体重日平均增重速度和日均增重率分别为0 .182 0g和 2 .2 7%。通过多元回归分析建立摄食率与体重及温度的相关关系 ,得出下列关系式 :C =6 .75 4 4+0 .30 14T +0 .2 190W (F =83.5 96 3,F0 .0 1=18.0 0 ,F >F0 .0 1)。     

低盐碱池塘养殖雅罗鱼及其杂交种肌肉营养成分分析

本研究旨在为池养雅罗鱼肌肉营养成分的评定和规模化配合饲料的配制提供基础数据。选取达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii,简称DL)、松花江瓦氏雅罗鱼(L.waleckii,简称SHJ)、高体雅罗鱼(L.idus,简称GT)以及种内杂交种(达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼♀×松花江瓦氏雅罗鱼♂,简称DS)和种间杂交种(达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼♀×高体雅罗鱼♂,简称DG)各15尾,每种鱼等量分成3组,测定其背部肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。结果显示:1)除水分含量无明显差异外,5种养殖雅罗鱼的灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量均出现明显差异(P0.05)。其中DS杂交的灰分(1.77%)含量显著高于其他4种雅罗鱼(1.16%~1.22%),粗脂肪含量(7.23%)显著高于其双亲组合(DL 4.31%,SHJ 4.22%)及含量最低的DG杂交(3.32%),表现出超亲的杂种优势;5种养殖雅罗鱼具有较高的蛋白质含量(17.05%~18.80%),其中DG和DL的蛋白质含量明显高于其他3种养殖群体(P0.05),显示出较强的杂种优势;2)5种雅罗鱼肌肉中均测定出18种氨基酸,氨基酸总量(TAA)介于73.058%~79.289%,DG和DL的TAA含量、AAS、CS及EAAI指数均高于其他3种雅罗鱼,与其粗蛋白的测定结果相符,表明母本DL将其高蛋白的遗传特性很好地遗传给了子代,进一步证明了杂种优势;3)5种雅罗鱼肌肉中均检测到23种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量分别为15.03%~19.06%、49.15%~53.92%和27.54%~29.40%,PUFA/SFA比值介于1.53~1.83;SFA和PUFA含量较高的是GT和DL,而MUFA含量较高的是DG和DS两个杂交种。综上所述,5种盐碱池塘养殖雅罗鱼的肌肉营养成分较均衡,属优质蛋白质;杂交选育可以有效改善杂交种的肌肉营养品质,获得的高脂高蛋白的DS杂交和低脂高蛋白的DG杂交可以满足不同的市场需求。     

Fatty acids in muscle of wild and farmed red porgy, Pagrus pagrus

The total fat content and the fatty acids of total lipids (TL), phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) were analysed in white muscle from wild and reared red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (L.). The fat percentage was higher in reared (3.03 ± 0.57%) (mean ± SE) than wild (0.65 ± 0.03%) fish. The fatty acid pattern of reared porgy TL reflected the diet's lipid. Wild red porgy showed higher levels of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than reared, but both the atherogenic index and the index of thrombogenicity were very low for both wild and reared red porgy. The lipid fractions showed that the PL were composed of very high levels of PUFA, especially 22:6ω3, and their composition seemed to be better regulated than the composition of TAG. TAG showed greater differences between wild and reared fish, presumably because they reflected the dietary content of lipids. PUFA were the principal component of wild red porgy TAG.     

Effect of Direct Transfer to Different Salinities on Early Juvenile Pot‐bellied Seahorse,Hippocampus abdominalis,Survival in Culture Conditions

In Tasmania, commercial seahorse culture takes place in tank systems in which approximately 75% of the water is exchanged daily from the Tamar River estuary. The aim of this study was to examine the effect on survival of early juvenile pot‐bellied seahorses, Hippocampus abdominalis, directly transferred and cultured for 9 d in salinities of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 32 g/L. Direct transfer of seahorses to 5 g/L salinity resulted in 100% mortality within 7 d. After 9 d, an improvement in survival was recorded in seahorses cultured in 10 and 15 g/L compared to those cultured in 25 and 32 g/L salinities. This study is the first to report on the tolerance of H. abdominalis in captivity at salinities as low as 10 g/L in early life stages without compromising survival.     

养殖曼氏无针乌贼白色卵膜营养成分分析及评价

测定分析并评价了养殖曼氏无针乌贼（ Sepiella maindroni）白色卵膜（WEM）的营养成分。结果表明,WEM （鲜样）中水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的质量分数分别为92.34％、1.76％、5.28％和0.34％。WEM（干样）中氨基酸（AA）总量为55.53％,其中必需氨基酸（EAA）总量为19.85％;必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸（NEAA）的比值为65.6％,构成比例符合 FAO/ WHO 规定的优质蛋白质标准;鲜味氨基酸（ DTAA）总量为29.53％。WEM的第一限制性氨基酸为苯丙氨酸＋酪氨酸（Phe ＋ Tyr）,必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）为38.03。脂肪酸中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）占19.21％。矿物质含量丰富,尤其以磷（P）质量分数最高（1423.2 mg·kg -1）。结果表明,WEM 营养组分较为全面,与野生黑色卵膜（BEM）的营养成分进行对比分析发现,在氨基酸组成、必需氨基酸和无机元素质量分数等方面存在差异,这种差异是否是导致白化受精卵孵化率降低的关键因素有待进一步研究。     

Biochemical composition of juvenile cultured vs. wild silver pomfret, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pampus argenteus</Emphasis>: determining the diet for cultured fish

We evaluated the biochemical composition of juvenile cultured and wild silver pomfret Pampus argenteus. Cultured silver pomfret (SF) had significantly (P < 0.05) lower crude protein content and higher crude lipid content than wild SF. Concentrations of almost all amino acids, except glycine and arginine, were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in wild SF compared to cultured SF. Further, wild SF had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentration of total amino acids (TAA), essential amino acids (EAA), and a higher essential amino acid index (EAAI) than cultured SF. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) in cultured SF were significantly higher than in wild SF. However, the content of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-3 fatty acids in wild SF was significantly higher than in cultured SF. Mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in cultured and wild SF were not significantly different. Fatty acids C16:0 and C18:1 were the principal fatty acids of the SFAs and MUFAs, respectively, in both cultured and wild SF. The results will be useful for determining the dietary requirements for culture of SF.     

野生与人工养殖牙鲆亲鱼不同组织脂肪酸的比较

为研究脂肪酸对牙鲆繁育性能的影响, 采用生物化学方法, 对野生和养殖牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏及卵中脂肪酸组成分别进行测定。结果表明: (1) 牙鲆肌肉、肝脏和卵中脂肪含量大小关系为肝脏>卵>肌肉。野生亲鱼肌肉和卵中脂肪含量显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 肝脏脂肪含量与养殖亲鱼无显著差异; (2) 牙鲆亲鱼3种组织中均检测出21种脂肪酸。野生亲鱼肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)与养殖亲鱼无显著差异, 单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05)。肝脏和卵中SFA显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), MUFA与养殖亲鱼无显著差异; (3) 野生亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵中高不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量, 尤其是肝脏和卵中C20:5n-3(EPA)、C22:6n-3(DHA)的含量均显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 但肌肉和卵中的C20:4n-6(ARA)含量明显高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05); (4) 野生牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵中n-3/n-6 PUFA及EPA/ARA显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 肝脏中DHA/EPA显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 但野生亲鱼肌肉和卵中的DHA/EPA与养殖亲鱼无显著差异。比较结果说明, DHA、EPA和ARA等PUFA是与牙鲆繁殖性能密切相关的重要脂肪酸。在牙鲆亲鱼养殖过程中, 除了提供牙鲆亲鱼足够的脂肪酸营养外, 也应注意各种脂肪酸, 尤其是PUFA中各种脂肪酸之间的添加比例, 从而保证亲鱼的繁殖性能及卵和仔鱼的质量。     

山东沿海养殖和野生双齿围沙蚕营养成分比较及饵料安全性评价

为全面评估养殖和野生双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)作为亲虾饵料的营养价值和安全性,本研究分别对山东沿海养殖和野生双齿围沙蚕的基本营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量、常见重金属含量和白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)及对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)携带情况进行了检测和对比分析。结果表明,养殖沙蚕的脂肪含量显著高于野生沙蚕中含量(P0.05),粗蛋白、水分、灰分含量无显著性差异(P0.05);两种沙蚕中的对虾必需氨基酸/总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)均在40%左右,对虾必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸(EAA/NEAA)均在60%以上,符合FAO/WHO关于高品质蛋白的标准,依据两组沙蚕的氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS),养殖沙蚕的第一限制氨基酸含量高于野生沙蚕含量;养殖沙蚕的不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)和高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)的含量分别为(66.15±3.77)%和(54.11±2.58)%,均显著高于野生沙蚕的含量[(56.13±6.60)%、(43.28±5.50)%](P0.05);对常见重金属铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)的检测发现,养殖沙蚕重金属的含量明显低于野生沙蚕的含量(P0.05),且野生沙蚕中As的含量严重超标;在对虾常见携带病毒WSSV和IHHNV检测中,养殖沙蚕均呈现阴性,而野生沙蚕IHHNV呈现阴性,WSSV呈现阳性,说明野生沙蚕可能携带WSSV。从营养价值、饵料安全性以及生态环境保护角度考虑,养殖双齿围沙蚕作为亲虾饵料的效果明显优于野生双齿围沙蚕。