深水网箱和池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾肌肉营养成分的比较分析

对深水网箱和池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)肌肉常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸质量分数进行了比较分析。结果显示:1)网箱养殖对虾肌肉粗蛋白质量分数显著高于池塘养殖(P0.05),而水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分质量分数无显著差异(P0.05);2)肌肉中检测到18种常见氨基酸,网箱养殖对虾肌肉氨基酸总量(TAA)、天门冬氨酸(Asp)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、精氨酸(Arg)和脯氨酸(Pro)质量分数显著高于池塘养殖(P0.05),而必需氨基酸(EAA)、半必需氨基酸(HEAA)、鲜味氨基酸(DAA)和虾味氨基酸(PFAA)两者无显著差异(P0.05);3)肌肉中检测到30种常见脂肪酸,两者的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(EPA和DHA)质量分数差异显著(P0.05),以网箱养殖对虾较高;两者的棕榈酸(C16∶0)质量分数最高,且网箱养殖对虾EPA+DHA质量分数是池塘养殖的1.90倍。结果表明,网箱养殖对虾营养成分要优于池塘养殖,具有较高的营养价值。

Comparative analysis of muscle nutrient composition between floating-cage cultured and pond-cultured Pacific white shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei)

We analyzed the nutrient composition (moisture,crude protein,crude fat,crude ash),amino acids and fatty acid contents in muscles of Pacific white shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured in floating cages and ponds.The crude protein content of the cage group was significantly higher than that of the pond group (P<0.05),but the contents of the moisture,crude fat and crude ash of the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).Eighteen kinds of common amino acids were detected in two groups,and the contents of total amino acids (TAA),aspartic acid (Asp),isoleucine (Ile),arginine (Arg) and proline (Pro) of the cage group were significantly higher than those of the pond group (P<0.05),but the contents of the essential amino acids (EAA),half-essential amino acids (HEAA),delicious amino acids (DAA) and prawn flavor amino acids (PFAA) of the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).Thirty kinds of common fatty acids were detected in two groups,and the contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA),mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA),poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) of the cage group were significantly higher than those of the pond group (P<0.05).The contents of palmitic acid (C16:0) of two groups were both the highest,and the content of EPA+DHA of the cage group was 1.90-fold of the pond group (P<0.05).The results indicate that the nutrient composition of shrimps cultured in floating cages is superior to those cultured in ponds,having higher nutritional value.