虹鳟仔稚鱼培育技术

2007年2月14日，从中国水产科学院黑龙江水产研究所渤海试验站购买虹鳟鱼发眼卵10万粒，在黑龙江省水产引育种中心鱼苗繁育车间进行孵化培育试验。至4月28日，共培育虹鳟鱼稚鱼8．3万尾，稚鱼平均规格3．2cm。发眼卵孵化率98．5％，稚鱼培育成活率84．3％。试验达到了预期的效果，以下介绍试验所采取的主要技术措施。     

哲罗鱼人工孵化及稚鱼培育试验报告

2010年5月,本溪绍文特种渔场进行了哲罗鱼发眼卵孵化和稚鱼培育试验,水源为冷泉。发眼卵孵化和仔鱼培育的水温为9-12℃,发眼卵孵化率96.9%;稚鱼培育水温12-15℃,培育成活率82.5%。     

利用深井水孵化虹鳟发眼卵试验报告

１９９９年２月９日至３月１０日，利用深井水进行虹鳟发眼卵孵化鱼苗试验，在３个孵化筐内放置５万粒发眼卵，２月１６日开始出膜，２月２２日全部出膜，出膜率为７５％；３月３日仔鱼开始上浮，３月１０日全部上浮，共收取上浮椎鱼２．３６万尾，仔鱼至上浮稚鱼期成活率为６３％。一、条件与方法１．发眼卵来源试验用发眼卵是２月８日从北京市怀柔县虹鳟鱼场购进的，数量为５万粒。用塑料袋加冰纸箱包装，火车运输，２月９日早８时放入３个孵化筐内，发眼卵呈橙黄色，粒径３－５毫米，两个黑眼点清晰可见。２．孵化用水（１）水源为本所院…     

山女鳟人工受精孵化技术初步研究

从日本引进的山女鳟发眼卵育成亲鱼后，以挤腹法采孵，取精，干导法人工受精，经30－60分钟止水膨胀后入桶式孵化器进行流水孵化，发展率25．2％，孵化稚鱼畸形率5．1％，患脐囊白点症的占7．3％，稚鱼体质软弱，受精后1－分钟内采用免膨法将卵将卵直接入桶孵化，发眼率59．4％，孵化稚鱼98％以上发育正常，畸形率3．6％，水质澄清孵化水温12℃试验组发眼率95．1％，孵化率94．0％，孵化稚鱼体质良好。     

俄罗斯鲟的人工养殖技术

论述了俄罗斯鲟发眼卵的孵化，于培育和幼鱼的养殖技术，经４８ｈ孵化、孵化率８５．５％；６０天培育，稚鱼体重５ｇ；４９０ｄ生长期，幼可达１５００ｇ。     

金鳟发眼卵孵化及苗种培育试验

本首次报道了金鳟发眼卵孵化技术，孵化水温5－11℃，积温达到140－180度日破膜孵出稚鱼，孵化率北京房山78．0％，黑龙江渤海75．8％，经20－40d胚后发育上浮平游开食。同时介绍了苗种培育技术和管理方法。     

陆封型大西洋鲑发眼卵孵化及苗种培育试验

本首次报道了陆封型大西洋鲑发眼卵孵化技术，孵化水温3－11℃，积温达到140－221度日破膜孵出稚鱼，孵化率北京房山87．6％，黑龙江渤海81．9％，经21－28d胚后发育上浮平游开食。同时介绍了苗种培育技术和管理方法。     

细鳞鱼发眼卵孵化及仔、稚鱼培育

采用人工催产和全人工授精技术对细鳞鱼进行繁殖，对受精卵进行流水孵化，孵化水温6℃～9℃，积温达到t40．150度日受精卵发眼率为90％。积温达到180～213度日发眼卵开始破膜孵出仔鱼，孵化率为84％～96％，仔鱼经10～12d的发育开始上浮平游成为稚鱼，采用生物饵料（水蚤）对仔鱼进行开口，转口期采用水蚯蚓＋饲料糜团进行驯化，稚鱼期利用全人工饲料进行培育。     

棕鳟仔稚鱼培育技术

<正>棕鳟,又名河鳟、河鲑等,隶属于鲑科、鲑亚科、鲑属,原产于欧洲、非洲北部和中亚一些地区。2011年新疆水产科研所开始从巴基斯坦引进棕鳟发眼卵,进行孵化养殖,近几年通过一系列研究,已熟练掌握其生物学特性、人工繁殖等技术。2017年1月初,我所科研人员通过人工繁殖获得棕鳟发眼卵12万粒,在乌鲁木齐县东沟冷水鱼试验场鱼苗繁育车间进行孵化培育试验。至3月初,共培育棕鳟稚鱼10万尾,平均规格2.3厘米。发眼卵孵化率98%,稚鱼培育成活率85%。本文就其     

大西洋鲑(Salmo Salar)苗种饲养试验

本文对从国外引种的两批大西洋鲑发眼卵进行了孵化、仔鱼和鱼种饲养试验。孵化率达98．5％，仔鱼成活率64％，体重30克鱼种的成活率为32％。作者结合具体实验条件，尽量采用国外成熟技术，对结合点上发现的一些问题进行了探讨。     

青蛤受精卵和幼虫密度对孵化和生长的影响

本文报道了青蛤受精卵密度对孵化的影响和青蛤幼虫培养密度对生长的影响。受精卵密度在26个/ml、30个/ml、38个/ml、44个/ml、53个/ml时,孵化率在87.8～89.9％之间;受精卵密度为53个/ml时,幼虫畸形率较高。实验发现,幼虫的培养密度应控制在6～11个/ml,幼虫变态后,减少培养密度,可以提高幼虫成活率。     

Changes in fertility of rainbow trout eggs retained in coelom

ABSTRACT:    Effects of prolonged retention time of ovulated eggs in the parental coelom on fertilization success were studied in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss using cryopreserved sperm with a uniform fertilizing ability. Proportions of successful fertilization, eyed eggs and hatched alevins were examined at different time periods up to a retention time of 14 days beyond the ordinary stripping time, and were compared with eggs incubated in artificial coelomic fluids (ACF). Eggs that were retained longer in the coelom showed gradual decreases in all the proportions of successful fertilization, eyed eggs and hatched alevins. The progress of cleavage after fertilization slowed with prolonged retention times. Eggs incubated in ACF lost their fertilizing ability much sooner than those retained in the coelom. The hatching rate of eggs retained for 2 weeks in coelom was 36%, while it was 1% in those eggs incubated for 4 days in ACF. Thus, eggs retained in the coelom showed higher fertilization success than those incubated in ACF.     

高白鲑养殖、繁殖技术的研究总结报告

高白鲑系鲑科白鲑属鱼类,原产苏联,我国引进后进行人工孵化、仔鱼饲育、鱼种培育、亲鱼饲养、人工产卵、孵化、获得了仔代.本文详细介绍了仔鱼饲育条件、技术,成活率达71.15%～85.64%.鱼种培育采用常规方法,但易患鱼病,影响成活率.亲鱼培育采用流水集约化养殖于11月下旬达性成熟进行人工繁殖,本文介绍了人工采卵,授精、脱粘、洗卵及人工孵化技术.     

Reciprocal hybrids of tench Tinca tinca (L.) × bream Abramis brama (L.), and tench × carp Cyprinus carpio L., and some characteristics of their early development

Reciprocal hybrids between tench Tinca tinca (L.) and carp Cyprinus carpio L., and tench and bream Abramis brama (L.) were produced artificially. The survival of all these hybrids during embryogenesis was quite high. The highest survival rate (over 60%) at the eyed stage was observed for tench and bream hybrids (both sex combinations). The hatching rates of these hybrids were also over 60%. The number of larvae with some abnormalities (i.e. deformed body) was low. In contrast, the hatching rates of tench and carp hybrids were very low (0.2%). From over 1000 fertilized eggs, only three specimens started swimming, and only one specimen survived to juvenile stage. Embryos of hybrids and their parental species differ in morphological features. These differences were also visible in the juveniles. Body parameters of juvenile hybrids produced from three species had intermediate values in comparison to parental fish.     

茜素络合物浸泡标记秦岭细鳞鲑发眼卵及仔鱼耳石

采用茜素络合物(ALC)在秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis)发眼卵和仔鱼阶段进行浸泡标记试验,为确定合适浸泡浓度和持续浸泡时间,试验设置了6个的浓度组和4个时间梯度组.结果显示:在荧光显微镜下观察被浸泡的仔鱼和经浸泡处理的发眼卵而出膜后的仔鱼,其耳石都出现橘红色荧光标记.浸泡...     

黄颡鱼早期发育阶段受精卵和鱼体脂肪酸组成变化

研究了黄颡鱼受精卵孵化期间和仔鱼发育阶段脂肪含量和脂肪酸的组成变化规律.采用常规化学分析方法和气相色谱法对黄颡鱼从鱼卵受精开始至仔鱼孵化后未投饵的7 d内的脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成进行测定.结果表明,受精卵在整个孵化期间脂肪含量有下降趋势.受精卵中不饱和脂肪酸含量大于饱和脂肪酸含量.受精卵在整个孵化期间各种脂肪酸含量无明显变化.仔鱼孵化后,鱼体总脂肪含量急剧下降,总脂含量从0日龄的4.57%降低到7日龄的0.75%.仔鱼在饥饿期间鱼体脂肪酸组成发生明显变化,单不饱和脂肪酸含量下降最为明显,尤其是C18:1.仔鱼在饥饿期间,脂肪酸按n-9>n-6>n-3顺序被先后利用,黄颡鱼仔鱼发育阶段主要以单不饱和脂肪酸作为能量代谢基质,而C20:4n6(AA)和C22:6n3(DHA)优先于C20:5n3(EPA)被保存下来.     

Cryopreservation of sperm of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Milt of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. was cryopreserved in pellet form with the use of 12 extenders. Most efficient were: BE2 original extender (containing 85 mM NaCl, 50 mM KCl, 3 mm CaCl₂, 1 mm MgCl₂ with 10% dimethyl-acetamide (DMA) and 10% addition of hen's egg yolk) and Kurokura et al.'s extender with 15% DMA and 10% yolk (about 73% and 69% of eyed eggs, about 61% and 52% of swim-up larvae, respectively). Within the most effective treatments, survival from the eyed-egg stage to the swim-up stage was similar to that observed in the control group. Survival from the eyed-egg stage to the swim-up stage (percentage of eyed eggs was considered as 100%) was highly significantly and positively correlated with the actual rate of swim-up larvae.     

盐度对鮸状黄姑鱼(Nibea miichthioides)胚胎发育和仔鱼成活的影响

本研究采用不同盐度的海水对(鱼免)状黄姑鱼受精卵的沉浮性、胚胎发育的孵化时间、孵化率、仔鱼的分布状态和成活率的影响进行研究。结果表明:(鱼免)状黄姑鱼受精卵在盐度26.9‰以下的海水呈沉性,在盐度40.7‰以上的海水呈浮性,盐度26.9‰～40.7‰则由沉性向浮性过渡。(鱼免)状黄姑鱼受精卵在盐度13.7‰～53.0‰均可孵化,但孵化适合盐度为26.9‰～40.7‰。从仔鱼的分布状态、活动情况、成活率等几方面综合分析、(鱼免)状黄姑鱼仔鱼的合适盐度为26.9—33.4‰。     

温度和盐度对鞍带石斑鱼受精卵发育及仔鱼成活率的影响

研究了在8个盐度梯度(18.3‰、19.7‰、21.2‰、23.5‰、25.6‰、27.1‰、29.5‰和31.7‰)下鞍带石斑鱼Epinephelus lanceol受精卵和仔鱼在水中的分布状态、出膜率和仔鱼存活率;在9个温度梯度(18℃、20℃、22℃、24℃、26℃、28℃、30℃、33℃和35℃)下,其受精卵孵化率、畸形率和仔鱼成活率。结果表明:(1)在水温为25~26℃,当盐度≤25.6‰时,受精卵表现为沉性;当盐度≥27.1‰时,受精卵表现为浮性。仔鱼的分布与受精卵有相似的特点,当盐度≤21.2‰时仔鱼分布在底层水体;当盐度≥27.1‰时,仔鱼集中分布在上层水体。(2)以孵化率和成活率为指标,鞍带石斑鱼孵化的适宜盐度范围为21.2‰~31.7‰,最适盐度范围为25.6‰~31.7‰。在盐度为31.7‰时仔鱼成活率最高达到75.9%。(3)鞍带石斑鱼胚胎发育的适温范围是26~30℃。28℃时受精卵孵化率、仔鱼成活率均最高,畸形率最低。     

温度对奥尼罗非鱼受精卵孵化和仔鱼活力的影响

研究了温度对奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)受精卵孵化和仔鱼活力的影响。在盐度为5不同温度(22、24、26、28、30、32和34℃)下,比较观察奥尼罗非鱼受精卵的培育周期、孵化周期、孵化率和畸形率。同时在以上不同温度条件下对初孵的奥尼罗非鱼仔鱼进行耐饥饿试验,测定其不投饵存活系数(Survivalactivity index,SAI)。结果表明:在温度为24~32℃,受精卵孵化率较高(84.3%~91%),温度高于34℃和低于22℃时,孵化率较低。温度与培育周期呈负相关关系,函数关系为y=0.3607x2-26.836x+553.5,R2=0.973。仔鱼生存适宜温度是24~30℃,最适的温度是24~26℃。温度为22℃时,SAI值分别为19.9,但是仔鱼发育的缓慢,部分仔鱼的身体色素一直没有出现,不适合仔鱼的培育。