盐藻过氧化氢酶对盐的适应性及其与物质积累的关系

将盐藻分别接于NaCl质量浓度为40、80、120、160、200g/L的培养液中,置光照培养箱中培养,分析盐藻过氧化氢酶对盐的适应性及其与物质积累的关系。结果表明,在NaCl质量浓度为40～120g/L和120～200g/L的范围内,盐藻过氧化氢酶活性与NaCl质量浓度分别具有正负相关性;在盐度为120g/L时,盐藻过氧化氢酶活性最高。盐藻过氧化氢酶是一种高盐适应酶,活性与盐藻细胞密度、叶绿素形成和蛋白质积累呈正相关关系。在盐藻过氧化氢酶活性最高时,盐藻物质积累量最多。     

锰钼组合在盐藻生长与物质积累中的作用

研究了微量元素锰、钼的不同质量浓度组合对盐藻细胞生长与物质积累的影响.试验结果表明,培养液中适当锰钼质量浓度的组合对盐藻细胞的生长和物质积累有促进作用,而锰钼质量浓度过高或过低则都是相对不利的.在试验的9种锰钼质量浓度组合中,以培养液中4 mg/L锰和60 μg/L钼质量浓度组合对盐藻细胞的生长和物质积累促进作用最好,它可使培养液中的盐藻细胞密度、蛋白质积累量和β-胡萝卜素积累量均达到最高.培养液中6 mg/L的锰和80 μg/L的钼质量浓度组合可使单个盐藻细胞中β-胡萝卜素、蛋白质积累量最高,但可能仅是在锰、钼过多的逆境条件下,盐藻细胞的适应性反应.     

铜对盐藻生长与物质积累的调控作用

实验研究了不同浓度的铜对盐藻细胞生长与物质积累的调控作用。结果表明:培养液中供给铜过多或过少都不利于盐藻细胞的生长与物质积累。以培养基中125μg/L的铜浓度对盐藻细胞生长、蛋白质合成与β-胡萝卜素积累的促进作用最大。这一铜浓度可用于盐藻的生产性培养。当培养液中铜浓度较高(175μg/L)或较低(25μg/L)时,单个盐藻细胞中的蛋白质与β-胡萝卜素含量较高,但因培养液中细胞密度较低,盐藻细胞积累的物质总量仍然较少。在铜浓度较高或较低的逆境条件下,盐藻可能通过适应性反应形成了逆境蛋白质与胡萝卜素等。     

一株野生型耐饱和盐度的盐藻

从江苏盐城射阳盐场自然海水中分离得到一株可在NaCl浓度为6.15 mol/L培养基中很好生活的野生型盐藻,是目前已报道的最高盐度.研究其在不同盐度下的生长适应性,发现该盐藻细胞可以生活在多个NaCl浓度培养基中;以纵裂方式增殖;盐藻细胞通过改变自身的形状和形成透明状膜来快速响应盐度突然改变.     

锰对盐藻生长与物质积累的调控作用

试验结果表明,培养液中锰质量浓度过高或过低都不利于盐藻细胞的生长与物质积累。培养基中锰质量浓度为4.0 mg/L时,盐藻细胞生长、蛋白质合成与β-胡萝卜素积累最多。当培养液中锰质量浓度较高(8.0 mg/L)或较低(2.0 mg/L)时,单个盐藻细胞中的蛋白质与β-胡萝卜素含量较高。但此时,因培养液中细胞密度较低,盐藻细胞积累的物质总量仍然较少。在锰质量浓度较高或较低的逆境条件下,盐藻可能通过适应性反应形成了逆境蛋白质与胡萝卜素等。     

盐胁迫条件下盐藻的生长及特异表达蛋白的研究

采用不同NaC1浓度培养盐藻.通过分光光度法记录其生长状态.试验结果表明,在NaC1浓度为1.0～2.0 mol/L时.盐藻生长状态良好;NaCl浓度为3.0～4.0 mol/L时盐藻生长缓慢;盐藻经不同NaCI浓度培养0.5、5、23 h后抽提蛋白,所获得的粗提蛋白经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离,观察不同NaCI浓度培养液中生长的盐藻可溶性蛋白质SDS-PAGE图谱.发现在低NaC1浓度(1.0～2.0 mol/L)下培养时23、51 kD蛋白略有变化但变化不大;在高NaC1浓度(3.0～4.0 mol/L)下胁迫5、23 h时23 kD蛋白显著增加;高NaC1胁迫23 h时51 KD蛋白含量下降明显.验结果证明51、23 kD蛋白可能与盐藻耐盐机制有关.     

锌锰组合对盐藻生长和蛋白质、β－胡萝卜素积累的影响

为了探索培养盐藻的微量元素条件，实验研究了微量元素锌、锰的不同浓度组合对盐藻细胞生长与物质积累的影响。结果表明，培养液中适当锌锰浓度的组合对盐藻细胞的生长和物质积累有促进作用，而锌锰浓度过高或过低则都是相对不利的。在试验的9种锌锰浓度组合中，以培养液中6mg/L的锌和4mg/L的锰浓度组合对盐藻细胞的生长和物质积累促进作用最好，它可使培养液中的盐藻细胞密度、蛋白质积累量和β-胡萝卜素积累量都达到最高。培养液中8mg/L的锌和6mg/L的锰浓度组合可使单个盐藻细胞中β-胡萝卜素和蛋白质积累量都最高，但可能仅是在锌、锰过多的逆境条件下，盐藻细胞的适应性反应。     

盐度对盐生杜氏藻生长及其色素积累的影响

试验结果表明.在试验盐度范围内(30～120).较低的盐度有利于盐生杜氏藻生长和分裂,最大细胞密度为8.92×105cell/ml.对照组仅为3.81×105cell/ml;盐度为60时.β-胡萝卜素含量最高,为102 mg/g.对照组仅为36 mg/g;盐度为30时,叶绿素a含量最高,为82 mg/g.对照组最低,为17 mg/g;低盐度有利于细胞蛋白质合成.蛋白质最高含量为37.5%,对照组仅为27.9%.     

VB6对盐藻色素形成、细胞生长和蛋白积累的影响

将盐藻接入不同质量浓度的VB6培养液中,检测其对盐藻色素形成、细胞生长与蛋白质积累的影响。试验结果表明,VB6对盐藻的作用效应表现为低质量浓度促进高质量浓度抑制。能够使盐藻β-胡萝卜素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b形成最多、细胞繁殖最快、蛋白质积累量最大的VB6质量浓度为250μg/L。在此质量浓度下,每个细胞中的蛋白质含量相对较低,这可能是由于盐藻细胞快速繁殖所致。     

VB1、VB12对盐藻生长繁殖的影响

通过单因子试验和正交试验方法研究了维生素VB1、VB12对盐藻生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:VB1、VB12对盐藻生长繁殖的影响显著,盐藻最适的VB1质量浓度为10 mg/L,VB12质量浓度为0.005 mg/L,其交互作用的优水平为VB120 mg/L,VB120.005 mg/L。     

Fish assemblage associations and thresholds with existing and projected oil and gas development

Energy development threatens fish and wildlife resources worldwide. This study used constrained ordinations to show fish assemblage structure associated with oil and gas well densities in the Colorado River Basin, Wyoming, but well densities explained only 6.4% of assemblage structure when compared to other factors. Threshold Indicator Taxonomic ANalysis showed significant negative threshold responses by some species to small levels of development (<0.15 wells km^?2), whereas positive thresholds were less distinct. Some native and imperilled species could be disproportionately affected if future oil and gas development proceeds in a manner that will impact aquatic resources. Although existing development has not substantially influenced regional fish assemblage structure, it appears to affect a subset of species. Understanding assemblage‐level responses to development can help land managers determine appropriate development levels, prioritise areas for monitoring associated with future development and identify where land protection measures may be needed to offset potential risks.     

Achieving sustainable aquaculture: Historical and current perspectives and future needs and challenges

Important operational changes that have gradually been assimilated and new approaches that are developing as part of the movement toward sustainable intensive aquaculture production systems are presented via historical, current, and future perspectives. Improved environmental and economic sustainability based on increased efficiency of production continues to be realized. As a result, aquaculture continues to reduce its carbon footprint through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Reduced use of freshwater and land resources per unit of production, improved feed management practices as well as increased knowledge of nutrient requirements, effective feed ingredients and additives, domestication of species, and new farming practices are now being applied or evaluated. Successful expansion into culture of marine species, both off and on shore, offers the potential of substantial increases in sustainable intensive aquaculture production combined with integrative efforts to increase efficiency will principally contribute to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein and food security needs.     

Gar biology and culture: status and prospects

Many lepisosteid populations in North America have declined and many are now threatened as a consequence of habitat loss and alteration and commercial and sport overfishing. Over the last two decades, morphological, histological and molecular studies allowed distinguishing between different phases of development and the nutritional condition of larvae. Ontogeny of the digestive enzymes of gar larvae indicated the possibility to feed them artificial feeds since early developmental stages. An in vitro digestibility system to test different feed ingredients has been used. Important characteristics of artificial diets were identified through different feeding experiments. Endocrinological studies showed the feasibility of altering larval development and the digestive capacity of larvae. Cloning of gar growth hormone opened new avenues to enhance growth in the gars. Plasmatic vitellogenin was isolated and purified, to develop a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which allowed the straightforward separation of males from females to establish appropriate proportions for reproduction and also was used to evaluate hormonal protocols to induce gonad recrudescence and spawning. This review analyzes the biology, ecology and physiology of different gar species as a basis for their domestication, mass production of larvae for repopulation experiments and for the culture of commercial‐size gar.     

奶牛酮病发病机理研究进展

结合国内外目前研究状况较为详细的综述了奶牛酮病的病因与发病机理,并分析了奶牛酮病发生的生化机制。旨在对临床实践中很好的认识诊断和群体监控奶牛酮病提供较为系统的理论依据,保证奶牛群的高产和稳产,从而创造良好的经济效益。     

添加植酸酶日粮不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血液生化指标和骨骼性能的影响

本试验利用饲养试验方法,研究玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加植酸酶时不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血清指标和骨骼性能的影响。试验选用162头20kg左右的杜长大三元杂交猪进行2×3(磷水平×钙磷比)因子饲养试验,试验分2个阶段进行,前期为生长期体重在20-60kg,后期为肥育期体重为为60-100kg。结果表明:添加植酸酶日粮磷水平对血清磷含量和碱性磷酸酶的活性影响显著(P<0.05);钙磷比对血清钙和血清磷含量的影响显著(P<0.05);添加植酸酶日粮磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪骨骼性能的影响不显著(P>0.05)。在添加植酸酶条件下,降低日粮磷水平不影响猪的正常生长发育。     

Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in dogs and cats. Technics and indications

A report is presented of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in cats and dogs using flexible endoscopes. Following consideration of the basic equipment, an account is given of patient preparation and anesthesia, topography, investigation technique and normal findings. Diagnostic potential, indications and risks involved are discussed.     

加快城乡统筹，推进我国农垦体制创新与经济发展的研究与思考

“十一五”以来，我国农垦加快体制机制改革、结构调整和经济增长方式的转变的步伐，参与市场竞争，努力提升企业和产品竞争力，经济社会事业发展较快，对国家的贡献提升，职工收入、生活质量明显提高和改善，示范引领作用不断增强。本文针对农垦体制机制创新进展滞缓，战略定位与发展方向不明，经济增长方式转变和结构调整缺乏资本、人才、技术的支撑，没有处理好改革、发展、稳定、民生的关系，投资匮乏，发展后劲不足，人才短缺和劳动力素质低下的现状，提出在未来农垦体制机制创新中要特别关注改革方向、目标设定与评估，改革要在现行法律法规的框架内运作，改革时机的选择，处理好改革发展稳定与民生的关系，调整好内部利益分配关系，自觉融入区域经济，与地方协同发展等问题。为了促进农垦的发展，建议国家加大对农垦体制机制创新、现代农业建设、国有农场土地资源的保护、社会保障体系的完善等财政和政策的支持力度。     

温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响_

温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响王丹丽，李明云，杨天勇，胡章（宁波大学，３１５０１０）关键词老年低额　，蚤状　，温度，盐度，生长，生殖ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＳＡＬＩＮＩＴＹＯＮＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＲＥＰＲＯＤＵＣＴ...     

中国鲟鱼的保护、管理与产业化

1　世界现存鲟鱼的种类和资源鲟鱼是一类起源早、具有重要科学研究价值和极高经济价值的稀有物种 ,多数种类个体大 ,半数种为溯河洄游产卵鱼类。按目前较为公认的分类系统 ,现存鲟鱼类有 2科 6属 2 7个种 ,隶属于硬骨鱼纲、软骨硬鳞总目、鲟形目 (Acipenseriformes) ,其中鲟属有 17个种 ,主要经济种类在其中。它们全部分布于北半球 ,现存 9个自然分布区为 :太平洋东岸、北美大湖地区、大西洋西北部、北美密西西比河流域和墨西哥湾、大西洋东北部、里海地区、西伯利亚及北冰洋流域、黑龙江和日本海、长江和珠江。鲟鱼自然种群资源稀少 ,在过…     

川渝地区鸡皮刺螨的流行与综合防治

鸡皮刺螨是鸡的一种体外寄生的节肢动物,流行十分广泛,对养殖业发展有严重影响。为了解鸡皮刺螨的发病情况,对川渝两地的126个鸡场进行流行病学调查,感染率高达71%。同时,介绍了鸡皮刺螨的生活史、危害及防治措施,是防制鸡皮刺螨不可多得的资料。